阴阳离子菁染料J-聚集体的荧光光谱研究

采用荧光光谱技术,研究了两种阴阳离子菁染料及对应的阴离子和阳离子菁染料在溴碘化银立方体颗粒上形成的J-聚集体的荧光光谱特性,并与其在溴碘化银立方体上的光谱增感率进行了实验对比。结果表明：阴阳离子菁染料的荧光光谱峰值明显低于阴离子、阳离子菁染料,说明其吸收光子后,大部分电子转移到溴碘化银表面。因此具有较高的光谱增感效率。     

阴阳离子菁染料在溴碘化银乳剂颗粒上J-聚体反射光谱

本文对两种阴阳离子菁染料在碘溴化银立方体颗粒表面的聚集行为进行了研究。用紫外-可见分光光度计测定了菁染料J-聚集的反射光谱曲线。与对应的阴离子、阳离子菁染料各自在碘溴化银立方体颗粒表面的聚集进行了实验对比。结果表明:阴阳离子菁染料吸附在碘溴化银立方体颗料表面形成的J-聚集态的反射光谱具有单个阴离子、阳离子菁染料形成J-聚体反射光谱的峰值波长。表明阴阳离子菁染料具有两个感色区域,既有阴离子菁染料的感色区又有阳离子菁染料的感色区。     

混合菁染料J-聚集体的光谱性能研究

对2种混合菁染料吸附在溴化银颗粒表面形成的J-聚集体的反射光谱及感光性能与对应菁染料单独吸附在溴化银颗粒表面进行了对比研究。用紫外-可见分光光计测定了菁染料吸附在溴化银颗粒表面形成J-聚集体的反射光谱。结果表明:2种混合菁染料吸附在溴化银颗粒表面形成的J-聚集体的反射光谱分别具有2个最大峰值波长,并且与对应菁染料单独使用时的峰值波长相一致。2种混和菁染料的感光性能比对应菁染料单独使用时有较大提高。     

感绿菁染料J-聚集体吸附在氯化银微晶表面的吸收光谱

染料J-聚集体对于现代彩色信息记录与存储材料、生物光电子器件、光合作用、太阳能转换与存储等方面具有十分重要的应用前景和理论意义。感绿菁染料在适当浓度时,对立方体氯化银微晶有增感效应,文章应用吸收光谱法对增感后的氯化银微晶样品进行了研究。研究表明, 增感染料浓度低于0.02 mL(染料浓度为5.0 mg·mL-1)/40 g乳剂时,感绿菁染料在立方体氯化银表面不形成J-聚集体,吸收光谱没有J-聚集体吸收峰出现;当染料浓度高于0.2 mL(染料浓度为5.0 mg·mL-1)/40 g乳剂时,染料开始在立方体氯化银微晶表面聚集并形成J-聚集体,吸收光谱有J-聚集体吸收峰出现。随染料浓度进一步增加,J-聚集体的吸收明显加强,吸收峰有微小的红移。     

黄腐酸对菁染料超分子组装及手性调控研究

利用菁染料超分子作为分子探针对黄腐酸进行标记,检测黄腐酸和药效机制,对于生命科学和药物化学领域的发展具有重要意义。采用紫外-可见吸收光谱和圆二色谱研究黄腐酸作为模板对不同结构菁染料超分子的组装及手性调控。结果表明：黄腐酸能诱导三种菁染料J-聚集体解聚为单体并伴有体系表观颜色的变化,并与菁染料单体之间具有很高亲和力。黄腐酸作为模板不仅可以诱导MTC形成具有一定手性的H-聚集体,而且能使MTC的H-聚集体的手性出现两次反转;还可以诱导ETC的J-聚集体发生分子间的重排,最终形成具有左手螺旋性的J-聚集体。除此之外,黄腐酸还对PTC的J-聚集体圆二色谱信号有显著的影响。同时,菁染料中位取代基影响到相互作用的能力：中位取代基越小,菁染料聚集体与黄腐酸的作用越强。菁染料与黄腐酸的结合能力大小为MTC>ETC>PTC。菁染料超分子可作为一类优良的分子探针对黄腐酸进行特异性识别并可达到可视化的检测效果。     

表面增强能量转移效应的研究

通过分析2、2′菁染料水溶液、银胶体以及2、2′菁染料吸附于银胶表面时的吸收光谱得知,2、2′菁染料吸附于银胶表面时,有J聚集体出现,通过分析基频及高阶线性Raman光谱,证实了一些低波数的Raman信号是由J聚集体产生的,从而进一步证实了吸附于银胶表面的2、2′菁染料以单体和J聚集体形式共存.同时,由吸收光谱还可以看出,2、2′菁染料分子及其J聚集体分子的吸收带都处于银胶吸收带的半高宽范围内,满足共振条件,当用不同激发波长(514.5 nm和488 nm)的光激发吸附于银胶表面的2、2′菁染料时,观察到了J聚集体的敏化荧光,而用此激发光激发2、2′菁染料水溶液时,就没有观察到J聚集体的敏化荧光,从而说明了银胶表面的存在,加速了单体2、2′菁染料分子与其J聚集体分子之间的能量转移速率.     

聚集体分子的基频和高阶线性Raman散射研究

本文报道了2,2′菁染料的J聚集体吸附于银胶体的表面增强基频和高阶线性Raman散射效应,分析了基频和高阶线性Raman光谱随染料溶液浓度的变化关系。结果表明,J聚集体分子在银胶体表面具有一个稳定的吸附结构,且侧立吸附于表面,一些低波数振动模式起因于J聚集体分子。高阶线性Raman散射的增强与J聚集体分子的性质有关。 关键词：     

胶束体系中荧光素与四溴荧光素间能量转移条件及模型研究

研究了阳离子表面活性剂(CSAA)在水溶液中与阴离子酸性染料四溴荧光素(TBF)的荧光反应,发现当CSAA单体与TBF形成离子缔合物时,TBF的荧光发生猝灭,而CSAA胶束与TBF作用又会产生一个新的、更强的荧光。进而研究了阳离子表面活性剂CTMAB及CPB胶束体系中酸性阴离子荧光染料荧光素与四溴荧光素间的能量转移条件。表明只有在带相反电荷的CSAA形成的胶束中,阴离子染料间的能量转移才可能发生,在2/3临界胶束浓度(CMC)时能量转移效率达到最大。并推测了胶束体系中染料间能量转移模型及染料间能量转移的一般规律。     

季铵盐表面活性剂溶液中阴离子偶氮染料的光谱研究

通过紫外-可见光谱法研究了阴离子偶氮染料甲基橙(MO)与3种季铵盐表面活性剂之间的相互作用.当表面活性剂浓度远低于临界胶束浓度(CMC)时,表面活性剂与染料形成聚集体,反映为吸收带蓝移并伴随着吸收强度下降.继续加入表面活性剂,引起染料在阳离子胶束中的特征吸收.当表面活性剂浓度达到CMC及以上时,混合溶液的λ<,max>...     

含氟碳菁染料聚集行为的研究

本文对五种不同结构的含氟碳菁染料的甲醇溶液及吸附在碘溴化银T 颗粒表面的聚集行为进行了研究 ,测定了照相性能 ,计算了增感倍率。Dye1 ,Dye2 ,Dye3在甲醇溶液中测得的单分子态吸收曲线 ,当取代基从C2 H5→CH3→无取代基时 ,最大吸收峰对应的波长向短波方向移动 ;乙基取代基的增感染料 (Dye1 )吸附在碘溴化银表面形成的J 聚集态峰值较高 ,对应的增感倍率也高。没有取代基的增感染料 (Dye3)不形成J 聚集 ,增感倍率低 ,有减感作用。Dye4与Dye5相比 ,Dye4具有尖而窄的J 聚集反射光谱 ,增感倍率高。结果表明 :不同结构的增感染料吸附在卤化银颗粒上形成的J 聚集态不同 ,吸收谱带窄的J 聚集态增感染料具有较高的增感倍率。     

β-环糊精与几种菁染料包合物的动态结构及包合平衡的NMR研究

用核磁共振方法研究了β-CD与三种菁染料3,3′-二（3-磺丙基）噻菁三乙胺盐(dyeA)、3,3′-二（3-磺丙基）-5-氯-噻菁三乙胺盐(dyeB)和3,3′-二（3-磺丙基）-5,5′-二苯基-9-乙基恶碳菁(dyeC)在溶液中的包合现象和包合物的动态结构,实验发现β-CD环糊精疏水腔中的H-3和H-5以及三种菁染料的芳环上质子的化学位移由于形成包合物而发生明显变化,而且峰的位置随包合程度的不同而不同. 实验中发现包合物的荧光强度随β-CD浓度增加而减弱,相应计算表明β-CD与三种菁染料形成了1∶1的包合物.本文研究了三种包合物中主体部分OH-3和OH-6的化学位移随温度变化的情况,获得了包合物中氢键强弱的信息,通过NMR化学位移滴定法计算得到了三种包合物在水溶液中的稳定常数,在上述工作的基础上,本文提出了三种包合物的结构模型,描述了客体进入主体腔中的动态过程.     

1064 nm纳秒脉冲激光诱导硅表面微结构研究

利用Nd:YAG纳秒激光(波长为1064 nm)在不同气氛(空气、N₂,真空)中对单晶硅进行累积脉冲辐照,研究了表面微结构的演化情况.在激光辐照的初始阶段,与532和355 nm纳秒脉冲激光在硅表面诱导出波纹结构不同,1064 nm脉冲激光诱导出了微孔结构和折断线结构,并且硅的晶面取向不同,相应的折断线结构也不同.对于Si(111)面,两条折线交角为120°或60°,形成网状;而对于Si(100)面,两条折断线正交,从而将表面分成了15—20 μm的矩形块.结果表明,微孔结构的生长过程主要与相爆炸有关,而折断线的形成主要是热应力作用的结果.不同气氛对微结构形成的影响表明,刻蚀率和生长率与微结构的形成有密切的关系. 关键词： 纳秒激光 硅的微结构 相爆炸 热应力     

Low-energy electron diffraction,Auger electron spectroscopy,and thermal desorption studies of chemisorbed CO and O2 on the (111) and stepped [6(111) × (100)] iridium surfaces

The adsorption of CO, O₂, and H₂O was studied on both the (111) and [6(111) × (100)] crystal faces of iridium. The techniques used were LEED, AES, and thermal desorption. Marked differences were found in surface structures and heats of adsorption on these crystal faces. Oxygen is adsorbed in a single bonding state on the (111) face. On the stepped iridium surface an additional bonding state with a higher heat of adsorption was detected which can be attributed to oxygen adsorbed at steps. On both (111) and stepped iridium crystal faces the adsorption of oxygen at room temperature produced a (2 × 1) surface structure. Two surface structures were found for CO adsorbed on Ir(111); a (√3 × √3)R30° at an exposure of 1.5–2.5 L and a (2√3 × 2√3)R30° at higher coverage. No indication for ordering of adsorbed CO was found on the Ir(S)-[6(111) × (100)] surface. No significant differences in thermal desorption spectra of CO were found on these two faces. H₂O is not adsorbed at 300 K on either iridium crystal face. The reaction of CO with O₂ was studied on Ir(111) and the results are discussed. The influence of steps on the adsorption behaviour of CO and O₂ on iridium and the correlation with the results found previously on the same platinum crystal faces are discussed.     

气相输运法制备ZnO薄膜(英文)

运用气相输运技术在不同的衬底上制备ZnO薄膜,同时对这些ZnO薄膜的表面形貌、晶体结构和光学特性进行表征。在扫描电子显微镜图像上可以看到,相比没有镀金的Si衬底,ZnO纳米颗粒在镀金的Si衬底上的生长尺寸较大。X射线衍射测试结果表明,在Si(111)和Si(100)衬底上生长的ZnO薄膜显示出不同的六角纤锌矿结构的衍射峰,但没有出现立方闪锌矿ZnO结构的衍射峰。在镀金的Si衬底上,ZnO薄膜生长取向主要为c轴方向。此外,所有ZnO样品的光致发光谱上均只出现一个狭窄且强的紫外峰,约在389 nm(3.19 eV)波长处。     

Study on the Synthesis and Spectra of a Novel Kind of Carbozole Benzothiazole Indole Styryl Cyanine Dye with a Carbazole Bridged Chain

Based on the frequently-used cyanine dye probe thiazole orange (TO) and Cy3, a novel kind of styryl cyanine dye was designed and synthesized. Carbazole was inserted into the structures of two cyanine dyes, TO and Cy3, to act as a bridge to link the benzothiazole and indole. This modification resulted in a novel kind of carbozole benzothiazole indole cyanine dye with a carbazole-bridged chain. The dyes were characterized by HNMR and MS. The spectra of the novel dyes were also studied and the results showed that the fluorescence wavelength of novel carbazole benzothiazole indole cyanine dye shifted red, the Stokes shift and Fluorescence quantum yields increased and the fluorescence intensity was enhanced compared to that of TO. These results indicated that the novel dye could be used as an excellent fluorescent probe in biological labeling.     

Leed and thermal desorption studies of small molecules (H2, O2, CO,CO2, NO,C2H4, C2H2 AND C) chemisorbed on the rhodium (111) and (100) surfaces

The chemisorption of H₂, O₂, CO, CO₂, NO, C₂H₄, C₂H₂ and C has been studied on the clean Rh(111) and (100) surfaces. LEED, AES and thermal desorption were used to determine the surface structures, disordering and desorption temperatures, displacement and decomposition characteristics for each species. All of the molecules studied readily chemisorbed on both surfaces. A large variety of ordered structures was observed, especially on the (111) surface. The disordering temperatures of most ordered surface structures on the (111) surface were below 100°C. It was necessary to adsorb the gases at 25° C or below in order to obtain well-ordered surface structures. Chemisorbed oxygen was readily removed from the surface by H₂ or CO gas at crystal temperatures above 50°C. CO₂ appears to dissociate to CO upon adsorption on both rhodium surfaces as indicated by the identical ordering and desorption characteristics of these two molecules. C₂H₄ and C₂H₂ also had very similar ordering and desorption characteristics and it is likely that the adsorbed species formed by both molecules is the same. Decomposition of ethylene produced a sequence of ordered carbon surface structures on the (111) face as a result of a bulk-surface carbon equilibrium. The chemisorption properties of rhodium appear to be generally similar to those of iridium, nickel and palladium.     

A LEED and AES study of the structure,debye temperature,and oxidation of the (111) crystal face of thorium

The structure, and reactivity towards O₂ and CO, of the (111) crystal face of a single crystal of high purity thorium metal was studied using low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES). After the sample was cleaned in vacuum by a combination of ion bombardment and annealing, a (1 × 1) LEED pattern characteristic of a (111) surface was obtained. Extended annealing of the cleaned sample at 1000 K produced a new LEED pattern characteristic of a (9 × 9) surface structure. A model of a reconstructed thorium surface is presented that generates the observed LEED pattern. When monolayer amounts of either O₂ or CO were adsorbed onto the crystal surface at 300 K, no ordered surface structures formed. Upon heating the sample following these exposures the (111) surface structure was restored accompanied by a reduction in the amount of surface carbon and oxygen. With continued exposure to either O₂ or CO and annealing, a new LEED pattern developed which was interpreted as resulting from the formation of thorium dioxide. Debye-Walter factor measurements were made by monitoring the intensity of a specularly reflected electron beam and indicated that the Debye temperature of the surface region is less than it is in bulk thorium. Consequently, the mean displacement of thorium atoms from their equilibrium positions was found to increase at the surface of the crystal. The presence of chemisorbed oxygen on the crystal surface affected the Debye temperature, raising it significantly.     

A LEED-AES study of the oxidation of Fe (110) and Fe (100)

Simultaneous LEED and AES observations have been used to study the initial stages of oxidation of the Fe(110) and Fe(100) single crystal surfaces at 300 K and 400 K and of a clean Fe polycrystal at 300 K. Accurate surface lattice spacings of the precursory oxide structures have been measured and attempts have been made to quantitatively evaluate the corresponding surface oxygen density.On the (110) single crystal surface the final structure is FeO-like with a lattice spacing 4% larger than that of bulk FeO. The transition to the FeO-like structure starts with a surface lattice expansion in the [11&#x0304;0] direction followed by an expansion in the [001] direction in order to accommodate the (111) face of the FeO-like structure. On the (100) single crystal face the oxygen and iron form an fcc (100) face which initially contracts and then expands with increasing oxygen doses. The structure formed at 300 K is spinel-like but heat treatment causes a transition to FeO(100).The changes of the surface unit cell dimensions are interpreted as the result of an interaction between adsorbate and substrate. This interaction is strongest in a direction parallel to the close packed rows of the substrate, making the corresponding periodicity of the adsorbate more resistant to lattice changes.In the case of the polycrystal a hexagonal structure was observed after oxygen adsorption with no simple relation to the oxide structures observed on the single crystals. The initial sticking coefficients in the interval 0–10^?5 torr sec ranged from 0.07 to 0.36 depending on temperature and crystal face observed. The latter dependence is explained in terms of the surface structure.