共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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在超临界二氧化碳中, 利用马来酸锌催化二氧化碳与环氧化物反应合成环状碳酸酯. 单独使用马来酸锌作为催化剂时, 对二氧化碳与环氧丙烷反应的催化活性较低, 而在DBU、DMAP、三乙胺、吡啶、咪唑或4-氨基吡啶等有机碱的存在下, 反应活性较高, 产物的收率得到明显提高. 有机碱作用的强弱顺序为DBU>Et3N>咪唑>4-氨基吡啶>DMAP>吡啶. 在压力为8 MPa, 温度110 ℃, 反应时间48 h条件下, 马来酸锌与DBU组成的二元催化系统可以催化二氧化碳与环氧丙烷反应, 得到83.4%产率的碳酸丙烯酯. 该二元系统也能催化其它环氧化物高产率地转化为相应的环状碳酸酯. 相似文献
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研究了超临界二氧化碳中α-氨基酸催化二氧化碳与环氧化物环加成反应合成环状碳酸酯,发现组氨酸的催化活性最高.在二氧化碳压力为8MPa、反应温度130℃、反应时间48h、组氨酸加入量为0.8mol%的条件下,二氧化物可以顺利的与各种环氧化物反应,以高的选择性和产率生成相应的环状碳酸酯. 相似文献
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在乙腈体系中,以不同的乙酸盐作催化剂,研究了CO2与二醇合成环状碳酸酯的反应.乙腈在反应过程中不仅是溶剂,而且还起到了脱水剂的作用,促进了反应的进行.以1,2-丙二醇为反应物对催化剂进行筛选,发现无水乙酸锌具有最高的催化活性.在无水乙酸锌上考察了二氧化碳和不同二醇的反应,结果表明,五元环碳酸酯的产率明显高于六元环碳酸酯,其中碳酸丙烯酯的产率最高.以1,2-丙二醇为反应基质,无水乙酸锌为催化剂,确定了最佳反应条件,1,2-丙二醇100 mmol,乙睛10 mL,催化剂2.5 mmol,反应压力10 MPa,温度170 ℃,反应12 h.在此条件下,碳酸丙烯酯的产率达到了24.2%,1,2-丙二醇的转化率为38.9%. 相似文献
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KI催化酯交换合成碳酸二正辛酯的研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
研究了碳酸二甲酯与正辛醇酯交换合成碳酸二正辛酯(DOC)的反应,比较了卤化钾与系列碳酸钾复合催化剂的性能,考察了物料配比、反应温度、反应时间诸因素对该反应的影响,得出了该反应的最佳工艺条件.结果表明,KI具有较好的催化活性和选择性;在最佳反应条件(常压、反应温度140℃、反应时间为4h、n(DMC):n(n-OctOH)=1:4、催化剂用量为总重1.25%。)下,DMC的转化率为83.7%,DOC的收率为70.0%,DOC的选择性为83.7%,甲基辛基碳酸酯(MOC)的收率为13.7%. 相似文献
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二氧化碳和甲醇合成碳酸二甲酯研究进展 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
本文综述了以二氧化碳和甲醇为起始原料合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)的研究状况。提出以CO2和甲醇直接合成DMC,不仅对合成化学,碳资源利用和环境保护具有重大意义,而且可使生产成本显著降低,它是发展DMC生产的一个具有很大潜力的方面。 相似文献
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Seung Hyo Kim Kwang Hee Kim Prof. Dr. Soon Hyeok Hong 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2014,53(3):771-774
A carbon capture and use (CCU) strategy was applied to organic synthesis. Carbon dioxide (CO2) captured directly from exhaust gas was used for organic transformations as efficiently as hyper‐pure CO2 gas from a commercial source, even for highly air‐ and moisture‐sensitive reactions. The CO2 capturing aqueous ethanolamine solution could be recycled continuously without any diminished reaction efficiency. 相似文献
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二氧化碳和甲醇直接合成碳酸二甲酯的研究进展 总被引:7,自引:1,他引:6
碳酸二甲酯是一种重要的绿色化工原料,二氧化碳和甲醇直接合成碳酸二甲酯是一种绿色合成方法.本文介绍了近年来此方法的催化剂及其催化机理研究的进展,讨论了不同催化体系设计的理论基础和催化剂的作用机理,并对助催化剂和吸水剂以及反应条件对催化剂活性和选择性的影响进行了评述. 相似文献
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Cycloaddition of carbon dioxdie and propylene oxide to propylene carbonate catalyzed by tetra-tert-butyl metal phthalocyanine in the presence of tributylamine(TBA) shows higher yield than catalyzed by unsubstituted metal phthalocyanine.Comparing different catalysts of diverse metals,(t-Bu)4PcMg is more active than (t-Bu)PcFe ,But(t-Bu)4PcCo and (t-Bu)4PcNi only have low catalytic activities towards the reaction.Moreover,the yield will increase as the temperature increases. 相似文献
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采用溶胶-凝胶法制备的铁锆复合氧化物催化甲醇与CO2直接合成碳酸二甲酯(DMC)反应,其催化活性远高于氧化铁和氧化锆,当铁锆摩尔比为5:1时,其催化活性是氧化锆的2倍。利用XRD、XPS、IR、TPD和N2物理吸附-脱附等技术对催化剂进行了表征。结果表明,氧化铁主要以六方晶相的α-Fe2O3形式存在,氧化锆主要以四方晶相存在,铁锆之间发生了相互作用,使铁锆复合氧化物表面L酸增强和少量B酸产生。L酸的增强和B酸的产生是催化剂催化活性增加的主要原因,并对催化剂的催化作用机理进行了探讨。 相似文献
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Promotion of Ionic Liquid to Dimethyl Carbonate Synthesis from Methanol and Carbon Dioxide 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
Introduction Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) is an important carbon-ylating and methylating agent substituting dimethyl sul-fate and toxic phosgene, and an intermediate for higher carbonates and carbamates.1 In addition, it is also a promising octane enhancer.2 The widely used method of its preparation is the oxidative carbonylation of metha-nol by carbon monoxide with copper(II) or palladium(II) catalysts.3 Recently, the utilization of carbon dioxide as the raw material for DMC synthesis has bee… 相似文献
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Green Catalytic Process for Cyclic Carbonate Synthesis from Carbon Dioxide under Mild Conditions 下载免费PDF全文
As a renewable and abundant C1 resource possessing multiple attractive characteristics, such as low cost, nontoxicity, non‐flammability, and easy accessibility, CO2 conversion into value‐added chemicals and fuels can contribute to green chemistry and sustainable development. Since CO2 is a thermodynamically inert molecule, the activation of CO2 is pivotal for its effective conversion. In this regard, the formation of a transition‐metal CO2 complex through direct coordination is one of the most powerful ways to induce the inert CO2 molecule to undergo chemical reactions. To date, numerous processes have been developed for efficient synthesis of cyclic carbonates from CO2. On the basis of mechanistic understanding, we have developed efficient metal catalysts and green processes, including heterogeneous catalysis, and metal‐free systems, such as ionic liquids, for cyclic carbonate synthesis. The big challenge is to develop catalysts that promote the reaction under low pressure (preferably at 1 bar). In this context, bifunctional catalysis is capable of synergistic activation of both the substrate and CO2 molecule, and thus, could render CO2 conversion smoothly under mild conditions. Alternatively, converting CO2 derivatives, that is, the captured CO2 as an activated species, would more easily take place at low pressure in comparison with gaseous CO2. The aim of this Personal Account is to summarize versatile catalytic processes for cyclic carbonate synthesis from CO2, including epoxide/CO2 coupling reaction, carboxylation of 1,2‐diol with CO2, oxidative cyclization of olefins with CO2, condensation of vicinal halohydrin with CO2, carboxylative cyclization of propargyl alcohols with CO2, and conversion of the CO2 derivatives.