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电池浆料中颗粒状活性物质的粒度大小和分散均匀性对电池的内阻、 电压、 局部表面电流和总极化程度等性能有直接影响, 实现对其的在线实时测量对电池的质量控制具有重要意义. 基于电池浆料的高固含量、 高黏度和低透光性的特点, 本文利用超声衰减谱的方式测量了其粒度分布(PSD). 应用于电池浆料的粒度分布测量的最大难点是其利用超声衰减谱法预测粒度分布的模型需要难以获得的分散相和连续相的物性参数. 本文采用主成分分析(PCA)结合误差反向传播(BP)神经网络建立预测模型解决了超声衰减谱法的难点, 并引入遗传算法(GA)优化BP神经网络的初始阈值和权值. 通过以LiCoO2为活性物质的电池浆料进行了验证, 结果表明, PCA-GA-BP神经网络能够有效对不同固含量电池浆料的粒度分布进行预测, 预测值与真实值的峰形重合度高, 峰高偏差小, 两者的均方误差为0.1358, 拟合度(R2)为0.9816, 说明超声衰减谱法可作为测量电池浆料粒度分布的重要方式. 相似文献
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纳米石墨颗粒粒度的测量与表征 总被引:8,自引:3,他引:8
介绍了用负氧平衡炸药在密闭容器内爆轰制备的纳米石墨粉;用x射线衍射线线宽法(谢乐公式)、透射电镜观察法(TEM)、激光拉曼散射法、比表面积法和x射线小角散射法等手段,对合成的纳米石墨粉颗粒粒度进行了测量,结果表明炸药爆轰法制备的纳米石墨粉具有六方石墨结构,颗粒呈球形或椭球形,分布在4—9nm之间,平均粒径为8.7nm;在5种测量方法中,用x射线衍射线线宽法(谢乐公式)得到的平均粒径值最小,而用其它4种测量方法所得到的粒径值基本一致。 相似文献
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反应条件对聚苯乙烯复合硫化铅纳米微粒粒度及分布的影响 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
用新的方法将PbS纳米微粒复合在聚苯乙烯光学塑料中,并利用吸收光谱、小角X-光散射和透射电镜等方法研究了不同反应条件对复合的硫化铅(PbS)纳米微粒粒度及分布的影响.结果表明,在一定范围内H2S的量和初始含铅聚合物浓度对纳米微粒的粒度影响很小,但对其粒度分布影响较大;当H2S与Pb2+的摩尔比及初始含铅聚合物浓度均较大时,纳米微粒的粒度分布变宽.实验结果表明复合于聚苯乙烯中的PbS的粒度分布是由溶液中反应决定的,本体聚合反应时对PbS微粒的粒度分布影响很小.因此控制适当反应条件,可以得到粒度分布均一、分散均匀且透明性好的PbS纳米微粒复合有机光学材料. 相似文献
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磨盘碾磨聚丙烯粒度分布与接枝率的研究 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
用分形几何方法研究了磨盘碾磨中聚丙烯 (PP)的粉碎和固相力化学接枝 .用粒度分析仪测定经磨盘碾磨聚丙烯的粒度分布 ,用分形理论处理实验数据 .结果表明 ,PP粒度分布存在无标度区 ,具有线性分形特征 ,磨盘碾磨对PP粒子分形行为有较大影响 ,聚丙烯粒度分布的分维值随碾磨次数的增加而增大 .磨盘碾磨中聚丙烯固相力化学接枝的实验结果表明 ,N 羟甲基丙烯酰胺在聚丙烯表面上的接枝率亦随碾磨次数增加而增加 ,即与聚丙烯粒度分布的分维值相关 .因此 ,可用分数维定量描述聚丙烯粒子在磨盘碾磨中的粉碎规律 ,揭示了N 羟甲基丙烯酰胺在聚丙烯表面固相力化学接枝反应的本质 . 相似文献
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气化过程中,不同粒度颗粒的受热破裂方式、挥发分脱除行为、焦-熔渣相互作用等具有显著差异,导致所产生的不同尺寸的煤气化细渣具有不同的结构特征和反应特性,通过研究气流床煤气化细渣结构、性质与其粒度分布的关系可为溯源气化炉内细渣形成机制及入炉煤粒度优化提供重要依据。为此,本研究选用宁夏宁东典型GSP煤气化工艺细渣为原料,通过烘干、破碎、筛分处理,获取了粒度分别为<0.125、0.125–0.250、>0.250 mm的三种样品,分别称为小、中、大粒级样品,借助氮气吸附-脱附法、XRD、Raman光谱、TGA等表征分析手段对其理化结构及燃烧活性进行了研究。结果表明,不同粒级气化细渣在组成、结构及反应活性方面有显著差异,三种粒级样品在渣中所占比例分别22%、46%、32%,均含有大量的球状颗粒与不规则颗粒。其中,中粒级气化细渣气化程度最小,残炭含量最高,达19%,石墨化程度最低,仅为30%,比表面积最大,达87.8 m2/g,在不同的升温速率下综合燃烧特性指数最优,大粒级气化细渣以上性质则与其完全相反。显然,气化较充分的煤粉趋向于形成大粒级的气化细渣,气化程度较低的煤粉更易形成中粒级... 相似文献
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氧化-还原低温引发苯乙烯/丙烯酸丁酯细乳液聚合粒度分布和成核机理的研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
用氧化还原引发剂(NH4)2S2O8/NaHSO3研究了苯乙烯(St)/丙烯酸丁酯(BA)低温下的细乳液共聚合,细乳液单体液滴在亚微米级(100~400nm).测定了聚合过程中粒子大小及分布的变化,发现细乳液聚合随引发剂、乳化剂和共乳化剂浓度的增加,乳胶粒子尺寸变小,分布变宽,并且比相同条件下传统乳液聚合的粒子大.计算了聚合过程中粒子数变化规律及乳化剂覆盖率,讨论了细乳液与传统乳液中引发剂、乳化剂对反应过程的影响及成核机理的差异. 相似文献
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使用4种应用较为广泛的激光粒度仪(Mastersizer2000、Bettersize2000、Horiba LA950和LS13320)对粒度差异较小的下蜀土(土塘剖面)进行了测试,从而对比分析不同激光粒度仪对于下蜀土的粒度组成测试差异及其这种差异对研究结果可能产生的影响.结果表明:对粉砂颗粒组分的分析,4种激光粒度分析仪分析结果的差异最小,而对砂和粘土颗粒组分分析的差异最大.就粒度频数曲线、概率累积曲线、粒度组分、C-M图、粒度参数散点图及粒度参数剖面垂向变化等统计参数与统计方式而言,4种仪器的测试结果均有一定的差异,其中,概率累积曲线、粒度参数散点图差异较大.粒度参数的剖面变化差异也较大,影响了对剖面的阶段性划分,这在一定程度上影响了研究结果,造成使用不同仪器,可能会得出不同的结果. 相似文献
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利用氯化锡和氨水作为反应试剂,通过水热合成技术制备了近球形,棒状,椭球形,六角形等粉体形貌和粒径范围从4 nm至120 nm的纳米氧化锡粉体,并对水热合成条件对粉体的粒径和形貌的影响进行了研究。所制备的粉体的XRD分析结果显示,合成温度在160 ℃以上并且合成时间在3 h以上,粉体全部具有氧化锡晶体结构。利用透射电镜对粉体的粒径和形貌观察发现,二氧化锡粉体的形貌和粒径可通过改变溶液的浓度,合成温度与合成时间进行有效的控制,其中合成温度与溶液浓度不仅可以控制合成粉体的粒径,而且可以控制粉体的形貌。 相似文献
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《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(5):726-735
ABSTRACT The principles of aerodynamic time-of-flight particle size characterization are reviewed, and the associated mechanics are illustrated for a commercially available instrument system. Examples are illustrated for pharmaceutical and titania samples. Future applications for time-of-flight measurements in combination with other measurement techniques are discussed. 相似文献
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细粒度氧化钇生产的新方法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用氨水与氯化钇溶液共沉淀制得Y(OH)3胶体, 再加草酸溶液转化, 可制得细粒度Y2O3粉末(D50=1~2 μm). 初步探讨了制备工艺中的有关因素, 在选定条件下, 沉淀过程物料浓度、温度、加入速度对最终产物D50有一定影响, 但不明显. 草酸沉淀母液最终pH值对D50影响最大. 相似文献
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《Journal of Dispersion Science and Technology》2013,34(5):619-630
ABSTRACT Commercially available powders with primary particle sizes of 10–100?nm (transition aluminas, Boehmites, and a commercially available silica dispersion) have been studied using three different instruments, a photocentrifuge (Horiba CAPA 700), photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS, Malvern Zetasizer 4), and an x-ray disc centrifuge (XDC, Brookhaven X-ray Disc Centrifuge BI-XDC). Particle size distributions for five powders were collected with each instrument and in conjunction with nitrogen adsorption measurements an agglomeration factor calculated. An example is given to show the importance of using a light scattering correction when measuring particle size distributions with a photocentrifuge for a gamma alumina powder where the uncorrected data can overestimate the D V50 by up to a factor of 10 depending on the powder. The importance of the assessment of agglomeration and how different treatments such as milling modifies the agglomeration factor F AG is illustrated for an “as received” and attrition milled gamma alumina. Results are discussed with respect to the assumptions and limitations of the different instruments. Results are presented after consideration of the hydrodynamic density in the sedimentation methods, and light scattering for the optical based methods. For narrow size distributions in the 15–25?nm range all three instruments show very a good correlation. When the size range approaches the 40–100?nm regime PCS is very sensitivity to small populations of agglomerates. The instrument giving the best resolution in the 10–100?nm range was found to be the XDC. The speed of measurement should also be born in mind and varies enormously from several minutes for the PCS to several hours for the sedimentation techniques. To assess the accuracy of the measured sizes a model spherical silica powder was analyzed on all the instruments as well as by image analysis. The results with the silica powder showed how the accuracy of the sedimentation methods depends strongly on a knowledge of the suspended particles hydrodynamic density. This can be effected greatly by particle or agglomerate porosity and the thickness of the electrical double layer in the aqueous dispersions investigated. The results with the silica suggest accuracy's on the size better than ±20% is difficult without an accurate hydrodynamic density whereas consistency between methods for narrow size distributions can be better than 5% for median volume diameters. 相似文献
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Stefani Fertaki Georgios Bagourakis Malvina Orkoula Christos Kontoyannis 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(8)
The assessment of active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) particle size and morphology is of great importance for the pharmaceutical industry since it is expected to significantly affect physicochemical properties. However, very few methods are published for the determination of API morphology and particle size of film-coated (FC) tablets. In the current study we provide a methodology for the measurement of API particle size and morphology which could be applied in several final products. Bismuth Oxide 120 mg FC Tabs were used for our method development, which contain bismuth oxide (as tripotassium dicitratobismuthate (bismuth subcitrate)) as the active substance. The sample preparation consists of partial excipient dissolution in different solvents. Following this procedure, the API particles were successfully extracted from the granules. Particle size and morphology identification in Bismuth Oxide 120 mg FC Tabs was conducted using micro-Raman mapping spectroscopy and ImageJ software. The proposed methodology was repeated for the raw API material and against a reference listed drug (RLD) for comparative purposes. The API particle size was found to have decreased compared to the raw API, while the API morphology was also affected from the formulation manufacturing process. Comparison with the RLD product also revealed differences, mainly in the API particle size and secondarily in the crystal morphology. 相似文献