锰掺杂Ba0.6Sr0．4TiO3-MgTiO3复相陶瓷的制备和介电性能

以分析纯的Ba(NO3)2、Sr(NO3)2、草酸和钛酸丁酯为原料,采用草酸盐共沉淀法制备了钛酸锶钡(Ba0.6Sr0.4tiO3,BST)纳米粉体.XRD和SEM分析结果表明,该方法制备出立方相的Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3粉体,平均粒径小于100 nm,具有较高的烧结活性.用传统固相法制备了锰掺杂钛酸锶钡.钛酸镁(Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3-MgTiO3,BST-MT)复相陶瓷,系统研究了掺杂0.1%-2.0%(x,摩尔分数,下同)锰对钛酸锶钡-钛酸镁复相陶瓷微观形貌和介电性能的影响机理.结果表明,当锰的掺杂量小于1.5%时,Mn作为受主掺杂取代占据钙钛矿ABO3的B位,因此导致居里点略微向高温偏移和相变扩散的发生,锰的掺杂导致晶格畸变,促进了晶粒生长,使晶界相比例下降,因此介电损耗随着锰掺杂量的增大而减小;当锰的掺杂量为1.5%时,介电损耗达到最小值,继续增大掺杂量,介电常数下降,介电损耗上升.     

Preparation and Dielectric Properties of Mn-Doped Ba0.6Sr0.4TiO3-MgTiO3 Composite Ceramics

Barium strontium titanate (Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃, BST) nano-powders were prepared using Ba(NO₃)₂, Sr(NO₃)₂, oxalic acid dehydrate, and tetrabutyl titanate (Ti(OC4H9)4) as precursors by the chemical co-precipitation method. The product was characterized by thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) thermal analyses, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results indicated that the resulting Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃ nano-powders were homogeneous with agglomerated nature. The Ba_0.6Sr_0.4TiO₃-MgTiO₃ (BST-MT) bulk composite ceramics doped by Mn were obtained by the traditional solid phase method. The XRD patterns demonstrated that Mn-doped BST was unable to change the perovskite crystalline structure of BST materials. SEM photographs revealed that the crystalline grains became larger with increasing the content of doping Mn (<1.5% (x, molar fraction)) and then the size of grains decreased after the Mn content exceeded 1.5% in the BST ceramics, suggesting the effect of Mn doping on the morphologies of BST-MT composites. The dielectric properties of BST-MT composite ceramics doped with 0.1%-2.0% (x) Mn were investigated systematically. Two effects of Mn doping on the dielectric properties of the BST-MT composite ceramics were observed. At low Mn doping concentrations (<1.5%), Mn mainly acted as an acceptor dopant to replace Ti at the B site of ABO3 perovskite structure, leading to a diffused phase transition. It was also observed that the grain size increased drastically as the Mn content increased and thus caused the decrease of dielectric loss. At higher Mn doping concentrations (>1.5%), the grain size decreased and the suppression of permittivity and the drastic increase of the dielectric losses were observed, which indicated a “composite” mixing effect.     

原位制备钛酸锶钡/铌酸锶钡复相陶瓷的研究

0引言驰豫型铁电陶瓷是近年来广泛研究和迅速发展的一种新型功能陶瓷[1]。通过把具有不同相变温度的驰豫型铁电体层层叠加,可以获得具有稳定的介电常数鄄温度关系的复合材料[2]。钛酸锶钡Ba1-xSrxTiO3和铌酸锶钡SrxBa1-xNb2O6都是重要的驰豫型铁电体,并且其居里温度均随Ba/Sr比     

锌掺杂对SrTiO_3光催化性能的影响

制备了锌掺杂的SrTiO3光催化剂,测试了掺杂样品在400 W高压汞灯照射下,分解纯水制氢的活性。考察了锌的掺杂量及样品的焙烧温度对其光催化活性的影响,并对掺锌与未掺杂样品进行了XRD、UV-vis、XPS及SEM表征分析。结果表明,Zn掺入可显著提高SrTiO3的光催化活性,适宜的锌掺杂摩尔分数为1%左右,相应的掺杂量下,适宜的焙烧温度为950℃左右,上述条件制得掺锌SrTiO3的产氢速率较未掺杂样品提高了120%左右。表征结果显示,掺摩尔分数1%的锌未改变SrTiO3的晶体结构及结晶完整性,但样品表面发生了锌的富集,而且在一定的掺杂范围内,锌掺杂使SrTiO3催化剂的粒度有所增大。推测掺入的Zn与存在于SrTiO3表面的富钛相反应生成Zn2TiO4,使SrTiO3表面的缺陷浓度降低,光催化活性提高。     

Electrical Properties of Sol-Gel Processed Amorphous BaTiO3 Thin Films

BaTiO₃ thin films were prepared on single crystal silicon (1 0 0) and platinum substrates by sol-gel technique. Amorphous films with thickness uniformity were obtained by spinning the solution at 3000 rpm for 30 s and by post-deposition annealing at 400°C. The films exhibited good dielectric and insulating properties. The dielectric constant and dissipation factor at a frequency of 100 kHz were 17 and 0.20, respectively, for 1400 Å thick film on platinum substrate (MIM). The corresponding values were 16 and 0.015 for films on Si (MIS). Dielectric properties were also studied as functions of frequency and voltage. The C-V curve for MIS structure exhibited a hysteresis. The density of interface states recharged during the bias cycle in hysteresis measurement was estimated to be of the order of 2.10 × 10¹¹ cm^–2 and total oxide charge density was about 4.28 × 10¹¹ cm^–2. I-V measurements were performed on films of different thicknesses. The leakage current densities at 5 V for the films having thicknesses 1400 and 2800 Å were 0.86 and 0.11 A/cm² respectively. The conduction mechanism is found to be Poole-Frenkel and Schottky mechanisms at low and high fields, respectively.     

The interaction of H2O with Fe‐doped SrTiO3(100) surfaces

The interaction of H₂O with 0.013 at.% Fe‐doped SrTiO₃(100) was investigated in situ with Metastable Induced Electron Spectroscopy (MIES), Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectroscopy (UPS) and XPS at room temperature. Low Energy Electron Diffraction (LEED) was applied to gather information about the surface termination. To clear up the influence of surface defects, untreated and weakly sputtered SrTiO₃ surfaces were investigated. The sputtering results in the formation of oxygen‐related defects in the top surface layer. The interaction of untreated SrTiO₃ surfaces with H₂O is only weak. Small amounts of OH groups can be identified only with MIES due to its extreme surface sensitivity. Sputtered surfaces show a larger OH formation. Nondissociative H₂O adsorption is not observed. We therefore conclude that the exposure of H₂O to SrTiO₃(100) results in the dissociation near surface defects only, resulting in the formation of surface hydroxyl groups. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

The Solgel Preparation and Electric Properties of MnO2-doped PbTiO3 Ceramics

ＴｈｅＳｏｌ┐ｇｅｌＰｒｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎａｎｄＥｌｅｃｔｒｉｃＰｒｏｐｅｒｔｉｅｓｏｆＭｎＯ２┐ｄｏｐｅｄＰｂＴｉＯ３ＣｅｒａｍｉｃｓＱＩＡＮＧＬｉａｎｇ－ｓｈｅｎｇ＊,ＦＵＨｏｎｇ－ｇａｎｇ＊＊ａｎｄＸＵＣｈｏｎｇ－ｑｕａｎ（Ｄｅｐａｒｔｍｅｎｔ...     

The interaction of CO2 and CO with Fe‐doped SrTiO3(100) surfaces

The interaction of CO₂ and CO with 0.013 at.% Fe‐doped SrTiO₃(100) was investigated in situ with Metastable Induced Electron Spectroscopy (MIES) and XPS at room temperature. To clear up the influence of surface defects, cleaned and sputtered SrTiO₃ surfaces were investigated. Sputtering results in the breaking of Ti? O bonds in the surface and the formation of oxygen‐related defects as well as reduced titanium on the surface. Cleaned SrTiO₃ surfaces do neither interact with CO₂ nor with CO. Sputtered surfaces show a CO formation during CO₂ exposure and—to a lesser extent—during CO exposure. The CO groups can be detected very well with MIES because of its extreme surface sensitivity. With XPS, the characteristic carbonate peak shift of the C 1s orbitals can be detected. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Photorechargeable Properties of Metal Hydride-SrTiO3 Electrode

A photosensitive metal hydride electrode was prepared by modification with perovskite-type SrTiO3 photocatalyst. The photorechargeable properties of the prepared electrodes were investigated by using electrochemical cyclic voltammetry and EIS measurements. The results showed that the modified electrode exhibited the obvious photorechargeable properties. The reduction current increased remarkably under the xeon light irradiation compared with the unmodified electrode. During the photocharging process, the potential of the modified electrode shifted quickly to negative direction and a potential plateau of about -0.90V (vs. Hg/HgO) occurred at the end of light irradiation. The corresponding discharge capacity of the electrode was about 5.4 mAh/g.     

Ln2Mo3O9的制备,结构及电磁性质

Ｌｎ＿２Ｍｏ＿３Ｏ＿９的制备、结构及电磁性质史发年，任玉芳，孟建（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所稀土化学与物理开放实验室长春１３００２２）关键词稀土钼酸盐，结构，电学性质，磁学性质高氧化态Ｍｏ￣（６＋）与稀土的复合氧化物研究得较多￣［１～４］，而低氧化...     

The Quest for Single-Source Precursors for BaTiO3 and SrTiO3

The reactions between titanium alkoxides Ti(OR)₄ (R = Et,i Pr) and strontium -diketonates Sr(-dik)₂ (-dik = thd, acac) were investigated. The various Sr-Ti species, Sr₂Ti₂(-dik)₄ (OR)₈, have a 1:1 Sr:Ti stoichiometry and were characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR and by single-crystal X-ray diffraction for Sr₂Ti₂(₃-OiPr)₂ (-OiPr)₄ (OiPr)₂(thd)₄ (1). The hydrolysis-polycondensation reactions of the various species were investigated and the resulting powders analyzed by light scattering and XRD. While acetone was found to have little influence on the hydrolysis reactions of the Sr-Ti species, polycondensation of Ti(OiPr)₄ in neat acetone offers a trinuclear enolate Ti(₃-O)₂(OCMe=CH₂)₃ (OiPr)₅(iPrOH) (4). Comparisons between the Ba-Ti and Sr-Ti systems are given.     

CoO/SrTiO3的合成及光催化分解水制氢性能

通过添加碱金属化合物矿化剂,以Sr(NO3)2和钛酸四丁酯的水解产物TiO(OH)2为原料进行固态反应,制得结晶完整性较好的SrTiO3粉末.再由浸渍法负载CoO,制备出光催化分解水催化剂CoO/SrTiO3,在400 W高压汞灯照射下,产氢速率可达到480μmol•g cat－1•h－1. SEM、UV-Vis漫反射光谱表征结果显示,合成SrTiO3时加入KOH矿化剂可使固态反应完全,SrTiO3结晶完整性提高,进而促进其光催化活性提高.确定了适宜的KOH矿化剂用量为2.0％(w).     

聚吡咯/Gd-掺杂铜锌铁氧体复合物的制备及电/磁性能

用溶胶-凝胶法和溶液原位聚合法分别制备了Gd-掺杂纳米级Zn_0.6Cu_0.4Fe_2－xGd_xO₄ (x＝0～0.10)铁氧体粉末和聚吡咯/Zn_0.6Cu_0.4Fe_1.96Gd_0.04O₄纳米复合物. 用现代分析技术表征了样品的结构、形貌和电磁性能. 结果表明Gd-掺杂铁氧体的饱和磁化强度随Gd含量的增加而增大; 复合物的电导率和饱和磁化强度与聚吡咯的含量有关, 当聚吡咯的含量从w＝50%增加到w＝80%, 复合物的电导率从0.0139增加到0.0423 S/cm, 而饱和磁化强度则从18.37减小到14.35 emu/g. 在8～18 GHz频段内, 吸收层厚度为2 mm时, PPy在16 GHz附近的反射损耗峰值为－19.68 dB, 有效带宽为6.2 GHz; 而ZCGFO的反射损耗峰值和有效带宽分别为－16.6 dB和5.16 GHz. 和PPy和ZCGFO相比, PPy/ZCGFO复合物有更低的反射损耗和更大的有效带宽, ZCGFO相对含量为20%的PPy/ZCGFO复合物的反射峰值和有效带宽分别达到－20.90 dB和14.05 GHz. 这些结果说明PPy/ZCCFO复合物适合作为电磁波吸收与屏蔽的候选材料.     

Study of the electronic and atomic structure of thermally treated SrTiO3(110) surfaces

The electronic structure of heated SrTiO₃(110) surfaces was investigated with metastable impact electron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (He(I)). Scanning tunnelling microscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to study the topology of the surface. The crystals were heated up to 1000°C under reducing conditions in ultrahigh vacuum or under oxidizing conditions in synthetic air for 1 h, respectively. Under both conditions microfacetting of the surface is observed. The experimental results are compared with ab initio Hartree–Fock calculations, also presented here, carried out for both ideal and reconstructed SrTiO₃(110) surfaces. The results give direct evidence for Ti termination of the faceted TiO₂ rows. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

(Ba, Sr)TiO3纳米棒的反相微乳法制备与表征

在氢氧化钡和氢氧化锶水溶液/Triton X-100/环己烷/正己醇四元W/O型反相微乳液中制备了钛酸锶钡纳米棒, 研究了ω₀值(水与表面活性剂Triton X-100的物质的量之比)、反应物浓度、陈化时间对产品形貌和尺寸的影响, 用TEM, SAED, SEM, EDS和XRD等技术对产品进行了表征. 结果表明, 所得Ba_0.7Sr_0.3TiO₃纳米棒长约500～1200 nm、直径约为50～120 nm; 具有立方相单晶结构. 产品中钡、锶、钛的物质的量之比约为0.7∶0.3∶1.     

偏硼酸锶系列发光材料的制备及其发光性能研究

利用液相共沉淀法制备了SrB2O4 4H2O和SrB2O4 4H2O∶Eu3+,利用高温焙烧前驱体法制备了SrB2O4和SrB2O4∶Eu3+发光材料,通过X射线粉晶衍射(XRD)、X射线能谱分析(EDS)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对产物进行了表征.通过荧光光谱研究了其发光性质,并考察了反应时间及Eu3+掺杂浓度对发光强度的影响.结果表明,基质SrB2O4 4H2O和SrB2O4在紫外区具有较强的发光性能,SrB2O4 4H2O∶Eu3+和SrB2O4∶Eu3+均在613 nm有最强发射峰.通过调整反应时间和提高掺杂量,可以克服结构水的猝灭作用的影响,大大提高SrB2O4 4H2O∶Eu3+发光性能,且具有更高的红橙比,是一种良好的新型发光基质.     

聚吡咯薄膜的电特性

含有不同的链长的w-吡咯烷基二甲基氯硅烷作为粘合剂通过自组装（SAMs）吸附于二氧化硅表面,然后聚吡咯膜化学沉积于该粘合剂修饰的表面。化学沉积的聚吡咯膜的表面形貌用扫描电镜（SEM）及原子力显微镜（AFM）表征。除短链外不同链长的粘合剂对聚吡咯膜的厚度影响不大。聚吡咯膜的电特性用电流-电压表征。结果显示电流与粘合剂的链长无关。电特性表明载流子迁移率为1.4 ´ 10-4 cm2×V-1.s –1。     

甲烷氧化偶联纳米SrTiO3催化剂的原位ESR和TPSR表征

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了纳米钙钛矿型复合氧化物SrTiO3催化剂,并用X射线粉末衍射、透射电子显微镜、原位电子自旋共振和程序升温表面反应等技术对催化剂进行了表征,测定了催化剂对甲烷氧化偶联(OCM)反应的催化性能.结果表明,与相同组成的常规SrTiO3催化剂相比,纳米SrTiO3催化剂具有较好的低温(～650℃)催化性能.通过增大Sr/Ti比可进一步优化纳米SrTiO3的催化性能.纳米SrTiO3催化剂表面的吸附氧物种和F中心均具有活化及催化甲烷分子生成C2烃产物的活性,但吸附氧物种易使OCM反应中间体和产物深度氧化,而F中心具有低温活化甲烷分子及高选择性生成C2烃产物的特性.纳米氧化物粒子因表面原子配位不饱和(配位数低),其表面存在较多的F中心。     

一维取代聚噻吩的电子性能

报道了3种取代聚噻吩,3-己基聚噻吩(P3HT)、3,4-二戊基聚噻吩(P34PT)、3-辛氧基聚噻吩(P3OOT)的合成方法1、H-NMR测试结果及UV-Vis吸收光谱和荧光光谱分析结果。用密度泛函方法计算了无取代噻吩、3-乙基噻吩、3,4-二乙基噻吩、3-乙氧基噻吩二聚体的电子性能。随聚合度的提高,聚合物能隙变窄。无取代噻吩二聚体的能隙为4.216 eV,重复单元长度为0.392 7 nm;乙基取代噻吩二聚体的能隙为4.733 eV,重复单元长度为0.393 9 nm;乙氧基取代噻吩二聚体的能隙为3.890 eV,重复单元长度为0.390 8 nm;双乙基取代噻吩二聚体的能隙为5.168 eV,重复单元长度为0.392 5 nm。理论变化规律与实验结果基本一致。