采用小波脊系数幅值导数方差质量图的相位展开法

针对小波变换轮廓术中相位无法快速准确展开的问题,提出了一种能有效抑制噪音的相位展开算法.首先,分析了小波脊系数幅值质量图和相位导数方差质量图的特征;然后依据相位值与其数学期望的偏差程度,利用小波脊系数幅值矩阵和导数方差思想构造了"小波脊系数幅值导数方差"质量图;最后分别进行软件仿真和真实模型实验,并将利用新质量图引导的相位展开效果与传统相位展开质量图法和改进的质量图法进行对比.实验结果表明,本文算法提高了相位展开精确度,相位展开误差率降低了2.61%.所提质量图易于构造,在引导相位展开时不仅能得到较准确的绝对相位值,还能有效抑制噪音的影响,从而重建出精确度高的物体三维模型.     

本征函数法求解光强传输方程的相位反演方法

提出了一种采用本征函数法求解光强传输方程的相位反演算法.相位可由拉普拉斯算子本征函数展开,各阶本征函数的系数可以由光强沿光轴的微分和本征函数两者的积分得到,由此实现相位恢复.给出了圆形区域和矩形区域拉普拉斯算子本征函数的解析形式,数值模拟了在这两种区域上采用该算法实现相位恢复的过程,结果表明该算法可以很好地实现相位恢复...     

基于gyrator变换和矢量分解的非对称图像加密方法

本文结合矢量分解和gyrator变换的数学实现得到了一种新的非对称图像加密算法,它将待加密图像先通过矢量分解加密到两块纯相位板中,然后利用从gyrator变换的数学实现中推导出来的加密算法加密其中一块相位板,获得最终的实值密文.另一块相位板作为解密密钥.算法的解密密钥不同于加密密钥,实现了非对称加密,加密过程中产生的两个私钥增大了算法的安全性.数值模拟结果验证了该算法的可行性和有效性.     

三维成像中相位级次自编码的相位测量方法

提出一种相位级次自编码技术的相位测量方法.与传统的相位测量技术不同,该方法利用截断相位的微分值作为编码通道,完成对各条纹级次的编码.构造的代码序列总长度为投影条纹的周期数,每个周期作为一个码元,由相邻若干码元构成一个代码子序列.相位计算后,根据截断相位的微分信息,可以提取出各周期及其码元值,通过在设计的代码序列中进行代...     

基于相位调制和线性滤波的多信道多功能光学微分器

多功能微分器可以满足光计算和光信号处理中的多种需求, 增强灵活性. 本文从理论上推导了一种基于相位调制和线性滤波的多功能光学微分器. 并在实验中, 将传输谱线近似为线性的光纤延时干涉仪(DI)和相位调制器级联, 得到了输入信号的两种微分结果. 通过调节DI的驱动电压调节其传输谱的漂移, 当光载波位于DI的传输谱线的谷值, 则获得信号的光场微分, 当光载波位于DI传输谱的线性斜率处, 则得到输入信号的光强微分. 通过分析各种微分的平均误差, 发现DI的线性度越高, 平均误差越小. 同时基于DI传输谱线的梳状特性,证实了多信道信号的同时微分.     

基于迭代重建算法的X射线光栅相位CT成像

基于光栅干涉仪的X射线成像技术可以同时获得样品内部的吸收信息、相位信息和散射信息,既保持了传统X射线衰减成像的优点,又拥有相衬成像和散射成像的优势.然而基于传统CT重建算法的X射线光栅成像需要采集大量完整的原始投影数据,数据采集时间过长从而使得物体接受很大的辐射剂量,难以在实际中应用.提出基于传统代数迭代重建算法的光栅成像技术.该方法利用现有X射线光栅成像系统采集少量原始投影数据,基于传统代数迭代重建算法,对旋转变化的相位数据进行CT重构,同时基于傅里叶变换的方法对微分相位数据进行相位恢复.模拟和实验结果表明,基于少量或不完备的原始投影数据,该方法能够准确重构成像对象的吸收、柑位和散射三维信息,同时还能对微分相位切片进行高信噪比的相位恢复,得到样品折射率实部衰减率,为X射线光栅成像技术在工业、生物和医学诊断等领域的应用提供理论和技术支撑.     

基于瞳面差异的相位复原算法

GS(Gerchberg Saxton)算法具有收敛速度慢、运算精度低和收敛易陷入局部极小值等缺点,其对初值的选择非常敏感。通常情况下,估计的初值越接近真实值,复原效果越好。为了获得更接近于真实值的初始相位,在望远镜的瞳面添加非冗余孔径掩模,对通过掩模形成的干涉图进行处理,获得初始相位,可有效地加快GS算法的收敛速度并提高其运算精度。仿真结果表明所提算法的平均复原精度最少是GS算法的9倍。     

改进式相位生成载波调制解调方法

在对调制方法、混频原理、调制深度取值等问题深入研究的基础上,为得到更高的抗干扰能力,结合相位生成载波调制解调技术与微分交叉相乘解调算法,引入除法运算,提出一种改进的相位生成载波解调算法,以抑制光强扰动对解调结果的影响,并与传统的微分交叉相乘解调算法在光源产生低频干扰时的解调效果对比,进行仿真实验.对比信号源分别为20 Hz与200 Hz时的解调效果,结果表明,在光源有1Hz低频扰动的情况下,在高频信号解调的结果中,改进的解调算法可以准确地实现对待测信号的解调,解调结果与传统方法相比具有更高的线性度.     

基于模拟退火的傅里叶变换成像光谱仪干涉图相位修正

相位修正是傅里叶变换成像光谱仪光谱复原的关键技术之一,针对现有算法对带有噪声的干涉图相位修正不足的问题,文章提出了一种基于模拟退火算法求解相位误差的修正方法.该方法通过控制相位下降函数,利用相位区间内产生的随机相位值修正干涉图数据得到同标函数值,依据Metropolis准则判断目标函数增最以确定相位最优解.该算法仿真结...     

光强传播方程相位恢复的实验验证

在傍轴近似条件下, 可以利用光强传播方程(ITE)对畸变波前进行相位恢复。对于衍射受限的光学系统, 很难获得相位的边界径向斜率值作为边界条件, 此外, 要获得精确的圆域边界采样值也并非易事。为了克服上述困难, 进一步研究了相位恢复改进方法, 即改变了方程的表示形式、计算区域和边界条件, 并用多重网格法进行求解获得重构相位, 最后再将其修正。为了验证算法的精确性, 搭建了实验系统对算法进行实验验证, 将由CCD探测的光强分布进行计算得到的相位分布与相位恢复算法(PR算法)的结果进行比较, 证明在光强分布非均匀的情况下, 该方法恢复的相位均方根误差能够达到017 λ, 可以适用于波前传感精度要求不是很高的相位恢复。     

A fast,accurate phase unwrapping method for wavelet-transform profilometry

A novel phase unwrapping method used in wavelet-transform profilometry is presented to improve the accuracy and speed of the unwrapping process. The wrapped phase of the fringe image is extracted by using wavelet transform. How to establish quality map using scale factor at wavelet ridge is discussed firstly. The proposed method can reflect the reliability of the pixels in fringe image effectively. As the consuming time of traditional flood-fill phase unwrapping algorithm is too long, an improved quality-guided method is used in phase unwrapping process. We divide the wrapped phase map into two levels following the established quality map, and process these two levels using different algorithms. Compared with the traditional flood-fill algorithm, we can get the accurate result while the consuming time of the phase unwrapping process is much less by using the proposed method. Simulation and experiment results verify that the 3D information of the measured object can be obtained rapidly and accurately by using the proposed method. Also the dynamic object can be measured too.     

仿视觉过程的相位展开方法

在所有基于条纹分析的光学测量中,相位展开问题是难以避免的问题。所有传统的相位展开方法的共同点都是在相主值图中通过邻域内相主值差和寻找无噪声的相位展开路径来完成的。如果不利用整幅图像像素间的联系,则误差会沿展开路径传播。根据人眼识别栅线图周期的过程提出了一种与以往完全不同的相位展开方法。经过初步提取周期分界线、修补分界线和根据分界线确定周期三个步骤即可完成相位展开过程。该算法的原理简单明了,实现起来相对简单,只需单幅条纹图像即可得到周期,因而可用于动态测量。实验结果验证了该算法的可行性。     

用伽柏小波作干涉波前重建

在分析傅里叶相位展开法中存在的一阶频谱定位误差的基础上,尤其针对实际工作中非严格均匀参考条纹干涉图的相位展开问题,提出基于伽柏小波的局域匹配滤波方法,构造多通道伽柏滤波器,得到在Ｍａｌｌａｔ极大模意义下的最佳匹配相位。     

基于结构光编码的相展开方法

探讨了一种新的基于结构光编码相展开技术。实现方法是先将计算机构造的用于解相的光栅由投影仪投射到物体上 ,再将计算机构造的一系列黑白相间的编码光栅也由投影仪投射到物体上 ,然后将畸变栅线图像由摄像机采集到计算机中 ,用解相光栅进行解相得到折叠在 [-π ,π]区间内的相主值 ,用所述结构光编码方法进行相展开得到相位的周期 ,二者相加得到真实相位值。与传统的相展开方法相比 ,该方法相展开过程变得相对简单 ,不依赖于路径 ,不存在误差的传播 ,对噪声的抗干扰能力强 ,能够得到准确的周期 ,并能够与解相过程有机结合起来。实验证明该方法获取光栅周期快速、准确     

Comparison of eight unwrapping algorithms applied to Fourier-transform profilometry

Phase unwrapping is a task common to many applications like interferometry imaging, medical magnetic resonance imaging, solid-state physics, etc. Fourier transform profilometry (FTP) values the height distribution of object, elaborating the interference between a plane reference grating and a deformed object grating. Since the height information is extracted from the phase of a complex function, the phase unwrapping is a critical step of the process. Several unwrapping algorithms are proposed in literature, but applied to measurement technologies different from FTP. The purpose of this paper is to define the performances of eight different unwrapping algorithms applied to FTP optical scan method and to define the best one. The algorithms chosen are: Goldstein's algorithm, quality guided path following method, Mask cut method, Flynn's method, multi-grid method, weighted multi-grid method, preconditioned conjugate gradient method and minimum L_p-norm method. The methods were tested on real images acquired by a FTP scanner developed and calibrated for these experiments. The objects used vary from simple geometries, like planes and cylinders, to complex shapes of common use objects. Algorithms were qualified considering the phase unwrapping errors, execution time and accuracy of the shape of objects obtained from the scan method in comparison with real ones. The results show that quality guided algorithm best fits in FTP application.     

Robust wrapping-free phase retrieval method based on weighted least squares method

Phase unwrapping is one of the most challenging processes in many profilometry techniques. To sidestep the phase unwrapping process, Perciante et al. (2015) proposed a wrapping-free method to retrieve the phase based on the direct integration of the spatial derivatives of the fringe patterns. However, this method is only applicable to objects with phase continuity, so it may fail to handle fringe patterns containing complicated singularities such as noise, shadows, shears and surface discontinuities. In the light of this problems, a robust wrapping-free phase retrieval method is proposed that is based on the combined use of Perciante's method and the weighted least squares method. Two partial derivatives of the desired phase are obtained from the fringe patterns, while the carrier is eliminated using the direct phase difference method. The phase singularities are determined using a derivative variance correlation map (DVCM), and the weighting coefficient is obtained from the binary mask of the reverse DVCM. Simulations and experiments are conducted to prove the validity of the proposed method. The results are analyzed and compared with those of Perciante's method demonstrating that in addition to maintaining the advantage of sidestepping the phase unwrapping process, the proposed method is available for measuring objects with some types of singularities sources.     

光学干涉图像处理中基于质量权值的离散余弦变换解包裹相位

为减少噪声对相位恢复过程的影响,快速得到正确的解包裹相位,提出了一种改进的相位解包裹方法——加权离散余弦变换解包裹算法。该方法把离散余弦变换和标识相位数据好坏的质量权值结合起来,兼有速度快和可靠度高的优势。为验证此算法,对模拟和实验得到的包裹相位图添加随机噪声和散粒噪声,同时采用加权与非加权离散余弦变换算法进行处理,所得到的解包裹结果与未加噪声的解包裹相位值进行比较,结果表明,通过加权离散余弦变换算法恢复的相位图比非加权离散余弦变换算法所恢复的相位图更接近于理想值,而且两种算法的运行速度基本相同,这证明提出的算法不仅保证了效率高的优点,而且所恢复的解包裹相位具有较好的噪声免疫能力和可靠度。     

基于焦斑空间频谱控制的连续相位板设计

 改进了传统的盖斯贝格 撒克斯通（G-S）算法,其中包含：改善了初始相位的选取;远场振幅采用弱调制,迭代中进行解相、滤波,以保证设计的相位板连续;对目标焦斑的频谱控制,使焦斑能量在频谱上重新分配。结果表明：相对传统设计的连续相位板（CPP）,改进后的G-S算法可以控制CPP的加工单元大小,降低CPP的相位梯度,更好地控制焦斑轮廓,降低特定频带的调制。进一步分析表明,新方法设计的CPP与光谱色散匀滑技术耦合的效果更佳。     

Wavelet analysis of digital shearing speckle patterns with a temporal carrier

Shearography is an optical technique allows direct measurement of deflection derivatives. This paper presents a novel temporal phase analysis technique based on wavelet transform when shearography is applied to measure a continuously deforming object. A series of shearing speckle patterns is captured by a high-speed camera during the deformation. To avoid the phase ambiguity problem, a temporal carrier is generated by a piezoelectrical transducer (PZT) stage in one beam of the modified Michelson interferometer. The intensity variation of each pixel on recorded images is then analyzed along time axis by a robust mathematical tool - complex Morlet wavelet transform. After the temporal carrier is removed, the absolute phase change representing the first-order derivative of the continuous deformation is obtained without the need of temporal or spatial phase unwrapping process. The results obtained by wavelet transform are compared with those from temporal Fourier transform.     

Complex-amplitude-based phase unwrapping method for digital holographic microscopy

A complex-amplitude-based phase unwrapping approach for digital holographic microscopy is proposed in this paper. A quality map is derived directly from the reconstructed complex amplitude distribution of object wave to evaluate noise influence and phase reliability in the wrapped phase image. Quality-guided phase unwrapping algorithm is then implemented with the quality map to retrieve continuous phase profile. Unwrapping errors caused by unreliable phase data are successfully suppressed. The effectiveness of this method is demonstrated with simulation and experimental results.