中国质协质量管理统计方法研究会成立

中国质量管理协会常务理事会决定在中国质量管理协会学术工作委员会下设质量管理统计方法研究会,其宗旨是在中国质协领导下,指导和推动各工厂企业在质量管理中开展统计方法的应用与研究工作,其具体任务是: 1.联络和组织大专院校、研究部门和工厂中有关数理统计和专业技术方面的力量从事研究质量管理中提出的各种统计问题; 2.在工厂与数理统计工作者之间牵线搭桥;     

复杂数据统计过程的若干研究

统计过程控制(statistical process contor, SPC) 是应用统计方法对过程中的各个阶段进行监控,从而达到改进和保证质量的目的. 本文在一些重要的前沿问题上展开研究, 其中包括profile 数据过程的监控和诊断、监测drift 飘移的控制图、多元过程控制和多阶段过程的检测和诊断. 本文引入并开发各种新的统计技术, 紧密结合计算算法, 解决这些当前质量控制领域研究的难点问题.     

全面质量管理与统计技术

本文指出了ISO90 0 0论证中存在的问题 ,并提出了相应的挽救措施 ,特别是在全面质量管理中更应该重视统计技术的应用     

聚类分析在品牌市场定位研究中的应用

利用统计技术对顾客感知质量和感知价格进行市场定位可以解决品牌市场定位中存在的一些问题。文章利用系统和迭代聚类分析对中国耐用消费品进行了市场定位实证研究,利用方差分析和交叉列表分析检验聚类的有效性并获得聚类的特性,利用多重对应分析进一步研究类别特征。结果显示,聚类具有有效性,中国耐用消费品品牌定位呈现十字型。最后文章提出一种市场定位研究的组合统计技术。     

中国科学技术协会、中央广播电视大学、中国现场统计研究会举办《现代质量管理统计方法》电视讲座招生简章

一、办学宗旨: 根据国家经委、科委和科协关于“企业科技人员继续教育暂行规定”的要求:“积极组织科技人员学习新知识,跟踪新技术和高技术,不断提高工作质量和创造能力”。中国科b、中央广播电视大学和中国现场统计研究会联合举办《现代质量管理统计方法》电视讲座,将系统讲授现代质量管理统计方法是提高科技人员技术素质和创造能力的必修课。 二、招生对象: 招收企事业单位具有中专以上文化程度,从事生产建设、科研、设计、科技管理、质量管理与经济管理方面在职人员。 三、教学方法: 采取电视授课办法,并寄发辅助材料,指导完成作业。 四…     

举办《现代质量管理统计方法》电视讲座

一、办学宗旨: 根据国家经委、科委和科协关于“企业科技人员继续教育暂行确定”的要求:“积极组织科技人员学习新知识,跟踪新技术和高技术,不断提高工作质量和创造能力”.中国科协、中央广播电视大学和中国现场统计研究会联合举办《现代质量管理统计方法》电视讲座,将系统讲授现代质量管理统计方法,是提高科技人员技术素质和创造能力的必修课. 二、招生对象: 招收企事业单位具有中专以上文化程度,从事生产建设、科研、设计、科技管理、质量管理与经济管理方面在职人员. 采取电视授课办法,并寄发辅助材料,指导完成作业. 三、学习期限及学费:…     

钢丝镀锌工艺的优化设计

一、试验目的镀锌钢丝生产工艺流程如下:粗拉——热处理——镀锌—一精拉。该产品存在的主要问题是:电镀锌质量不稳定,时好时坏,并引起精拉工序有时出现大模、黑丝、脆丝、脱锌等质量问题,废品率较高,工厂领导十分关注。为了解决镀锌钢丝质量问题,提高稳定性和成材率,江苏省现场统计研究会与厂方联合组     

6σ管理和统计技术

从6σ名称,绿带、黑带的评定标准和培训内容都体现了统计技术是6σ管理的核心技术。DMAIC统计技术应用模式虽有不足,最大功绩是使应用统计技术简单化,实际应用者认识了统计技术的重要性。     

城市蔬菜产品品种污染监控系统的研究及其应用

蔬菜产品中的农药残留问题一直为市民所关心,为了让市民了解日常消费的蔬菜产品品种的质量状况和污染水平,本文结合深圳市布吉、福田两大农产品批发市场2003年1~4月份的监测抽样数据,应用主成分分析及Hotelling统计量等多元统计方法,结合SAS系统与Delphi系统建立城市蔬菜产品品种污染监控系统。该监控系统不仅可以为市场提供及时的蔬菜产品品种质量状况和污染水平的信息,而且对于及时监控流入市场的蔬菜质量、保障市民身体健康、引导市场消费等都具有重要意义。     

基于组合赋权VIKOR法的制造型中小企业综合质量评估

为了准确评估制造型中小企业的综合质量水平并解决其生产经营管理中存在的问题,文章提出基于组合赋权VIKOR法的中小企业综合质量评估方法.参照质量管理体系要求,结合制造型中小企业的特点,设计了包含质量认证、质量监管、创新及发展能力、财务质量、社会声誉五个维度的综合质量评估指标体系,并使用改进后的信息重叠指标筛选方法优化指标;结合AHP和CRITIC法进行指标权重赋值,并应用VIKOR法计算中小企业利益比率值,实现中小企业综合质量评估.选取电子行业119家中小企业为例,采用文章提出的综合质量评估方法进行实证研究,研究结果表明基于文章提出的综合质量评估方法的结果与样本企业质量发展的客观现状具有良好的一致性,验证了文章方法的有效性.     

Artificial Intelligence and Decision Analysis

Much work has been done on the development of modelling techniques to assist in the process of decision-making. The areas of operational research and statistical analysis are well established, and the speed and memory capacity of computers has facilitated the solution of very large problems using such techniques. Recent developments in artificial intelligence, particularly with regard to expert systems, open up the possibility of modelling the decision-maker rather than the decision situation. This would result in a much more sophisticated decision-support system, but as yet it is an approach which has not been investigated to any significant degree. This paper suggests how AI techniques might be combined with traditional problem-based methodologies to provide a comprehensive decision-analysis support-system framework, modelling the activities of a human decision-maker and providing access to a host of traditional and artificial intelligence tools which can be effectively interfaced.     

RC_Link: Genetic linkage analysis using Bayesian networks

Genetic linkage analysis is a statistical method for mapping genes onto chromosomes, and is useful for detecting and predicting diseases. One of its current limitations is the computational complexity of the problems of interest. This research presents methods for mapping genetic linkage problems as Bayesian networks and then addresses novel techniques for making the problems more tractable. The result is a new tool for solving these problems called RC_Link, which in many cases is orders of magnitude faster than existing tools.     

Statistical search methods for lotsizing problems

This paper reports on our experiments with statistical search methods for solving lotsizing problems in production planning. In lotsizing problems the main objective is to generate a minimum cost production and inventory schedule, such that (i) customer demand is satisfied, and (ii) capacity restrictions imposed on production resources are not violated. We discuss our experiences in solving these, in general NP-hard, lotsizing problems with popular statistical search techniques like simulated annealing and tabu search. The paper concludes with some critical remarks on the use of statistical search methods for solving lotsizing problems.     

Application of geometric programming to optimum allocation problems in multivariate doubling sampling

Optimum allocation in double sampling or two-phase sampling is easy when dealing with one variable. However, a simple technique has not been available when an investigator is interested in estimating more than one variable using the double-sampling technique. This paper describes application of geometric programming to the solution of optimum-allocation problems in multivariate double sampling. The solution described here is much simpler than complex analytical techniques described in statistical literature.     

Benford法则:中国宏观经济统计数据质量评价的一种新范式

中国宏观经济统计数据的真实性和数据质量一直以来饱受质疑,特别是2008年美国金融危机以来,更受到世界各国和许多国内研究者的批评.引进、鉴证并扩展了Benford法则的分布拟合和宏观统计数据的数据随机性质量评价能力,对我国统计系统公布的宏观统计数据进行了客观、真实和有效的评价.研究表明,在0.05的置信水平下,我国的国民经济核算、政府财政统计、金融业、国际收支平衡这四个宏观经济部门的主要经济指标不存在人为操纵和修正,统计数据质量有了显著提升.     

ARIES: A Visual Path in the Investigation of Statistical Data

Abstract

The massive flood of numbers in ongoing large-scale periodic economic and social surveys commonly leaves little time for anything but a cursory examination of the quality of the data, and few techniques exist for giving an overview of data activity. At the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, a graphical and query-based solution to these problems has recently been adopted for data review in the Current Employment Statistics survey. Chief among the motivations for creating the new system were: (1) Reduce or eliminate the arduous paper review of thousands of sample reports by review analysts; (2) allow the review analysts a more global view of sample activity and at the same time make outlier detection less of a strain; and (3) present global views of estimates over time and among groups of subestimates. The specific graphics approaches used in the new system were designed to quickly portray both time series and cross-sectional aspects of the data, as these are both critical elements in the review process. The described system allows the data analysts to track down suspicious sample members by first graphically pinpointing questionable estimates, and then pinpointing questionable sample data used to produce those estimates. Query methods are used for cross-checking relationships among different sample data elements. Although designed for outlier detection and estimation, the data-representation methods employed in the system have opened up new possibilities for further statistical and economic uses of the data. The authors were torn between the desire for a completely automatic system of data review and the practical demands of an actual survey operating under imperfect conditions, and thus viewed the new system as an evolutionary advance, not as an ideal final solution. Possibilities opened up by the new system prompted some further thinking on finding an ideal state.     

An applied statistics course for systematics and ecology PhD students

Statistics education is under review at all educational levels. Statistical concepts, as well as the use of statistical methods and techniques, can be taught in at least two contrasting ways. Specifically, (1) teaching can be theoretically and mathematically oriented, or (2) it can be less mathematically oriented being focused, instead, on application and the use of data to solve real-world problems. The second approach is growing in practice and new goals have recently emerged. At present, statistics courses stress probability concepts, data analysis, and the interpretation and communication of results. Understanding the process of statistical investigation is established as a way of improving mastery of statistical reasoning. In this context, a project-based approach allows the design and implementation of participating learning scenarios in order to understand the statistical methodology and, as a consequence, improve research. This approach points out that statistics is a rational methodology used to solve practical problems. The purpose of this paper is to present the design and results of an applied statistics course for PhD students in ecology and systematics using a project-based approach. Examples involving character coding, species classification, and the interpretation of geographical variation, which are the principal systematic analyses requiring statistical techniques, are presented using the results from student projects. In addition, an example from conservation ecology is presented. Results indicate that the students understood the concepts and applied the systematic and statistical techniques accurately using a data oriented approach.     

临床医学论文中的统计问题

本文对中华医学会主办的１４种临床医学和基础医学杂志发表的１５５篇论著，从医学统计的角度，按２２项指标，进行了一次调查研究。结果表明，与１９８０年中华医学会召开医学科研设计座谈会以前的情况相比，论文质量有了明显提高，但仍存在不少不可忽视的问题。常见的问题有：试验设计不良，缺少防止偏性的有力措施，组间可比性差，样本含量不足；对两类错误的控制、置信限的应用和排除混杂因子的影响重视不够；统计软件、统计图和多元分析方法的利用率还不够高。针对存在问题提出了一些见解和建议。