曲面迭代混沌特性研究

研究了空间单位区域内两个曲面映射构成的动力系统的混沌特性.研究发现两个曲面中有一个曲面振荡剧烈,另外一个曲面随机生成时系统更容易出现混沌,能生成众多有特点的混沌吸引子.如果调整随机曲面使其成为满射,那么所构成的动力系统是混沌的概率可以达到1/2或者更高.通过计算Lyapunov指数以及绘制分岔图等方法对系统的混沌特性进行分析,同时给出了由两个曲面构造的系统出现混沌的必要条件.和二维情形一样,一个三维正弦函数与两个三维多项式函数构造的动力系统是混沌的概率也很高,通过计算可以得到众多的具有观赏和实用价值的三维吸引子.     

空间混沌序列的加密特性研究

提出一个基于空间混沌系统的伪随机序列发生器,对空间混沌产生的伪随机位序列进行了FIPS140-1统计性检验和相关性分析,并应用空间混沌产生的各态历经矩阵实现图像的加密解密,实验的结果表明这种基于空间混沌系统的伪随机序列产生器具有优良的随机性,巨大的密钥空间和敏感性. 关键词： 伪随机序列 空间混沌系统 图像加密     

级联混沌及其动力学特性研究

初值敏感性是混沌的本质,混沌的随机性来源于其对初始条件的高度敏感性,而Lyapunov指数又是这种初值敏感性的一种度量.本文的研究发现,混沌系统的级联可明显提高级联混沌的Lyapunov指数,改善其动力学特性.因此,本文研究了混沌系统的级联和级联混沌对动力学特性的影响,提出了混沌系统级联的定义及条件,从理论上证明了级联混沌的Lyapunov指数为各个级联子系统Lyapunov指数之和;适当的级联可增加系统参数、扩展混沌映射和满映射的参数区间,由此可提高混沌映射的初值敏感性和混沌伪随机序列的安全性.以Logistic映射、Cubic映射和Tent映射为例,研究了Logistic-Logistic级联、Logistic-Cubic级联和Logistic-Tent级联的动力学特性,验证了级联混沌动力学性能的改善.级联混沌可作为伪随机数发生器的随机信号源,用以产生初值敏感性更高、安全性更好的伪随机序列.     

单模激光混沌特性的理论研究

在光学中，激光是产生双稳态、振荡、混沌等多种自组织现象的典型例子。本文采用非线性理论分析了单模激光的混沌特性，对描述单模激光的非线性动力学方程进行了稳定性分析，从而确定了系统失稳后进入混沌态的分歧点，并利用计算机进行了数值计算，给出了系统呈现混沌态的模拟结果。计算机数值模拟的结果与理论分析的结果相吻合。     

量子细胞神经网络的超混沌特性研究

研究了由量子点细胞自动机构成的量子细胞神经网络的非线性动力学特性.以量子点细胞的极化率和量子相位作为状态变量，对3个细胞耦合的量子细胞神经网络进行了理论分析和计 算机仿真研究.结果表明，该网络系统呈现复杂的混沌动力学行为，混沌振荡产生非常容易. 由数值计算得到的两个最大正Lyapunov指数证实了该系统具有超混沌特性. 关键词： 量子点细胞自动机 极化率 量子细胞神经网络 超混沌     

双反馈半导体激光器的混沌特性研究

实验利用双反馈半导体激光器获得了关联维数为3.8的高维混沌光.同时对比分析了双反馈与单反馈两种不同模式产生混沌的区别.结果表明：在反馈强度均为-26 dB时,双反馈产生混沌的关联维数高于单反馈产生混沌的关联维数2.6;双反馈可获得带宽为11 GHz的混沌光,为单反馈产生混沌带宽5.5 GHz的两倍.当双反馈的两个外腔长度不相等时,混沌的自相关曲线能很好的隐藏外腔长度信息,可提高混沌通信的保密性. 关键词： 双反馈 半导体激光器 混沌 带宽     

微波混沌腔体中的散射特性研究

以计算机机箱为研究目标,开展了电磁波耦合入计算机机箱腔体的散射问题研究.通过对其散射矩阵元的讨论和分析发现:可以通过辐射散射测量得到系统散射矩阵的系综平均;随着腔体损耗的增加,腔体散射系数的波动性减小;随着腔体损耗的进一步增加,插入相移分布逐渐趋于均一分布.通过Dyson圆系综讨论了归一化散射矩阵,计算机机箱腔体中存在波混沌散射.根据随机矩阵理论,微波混沌腔体的归一化阻抗矩阵具有统计通用性,且只与系统的损耗有关.     

输油管道压力时间序列混沌特性研究

输油管道压力波动的内在动态特征,采用非线性的分析方法探讨了实测输油管道压力波动中存在混沌动态特性的可能性. 以6个典型的输油管道压力实测数据集为研究对象,重构相空间、求得了分形维数和Lyapunov指数谱、验证了数据的平稳性和非线性. 通过对所得结果的分析,从理论上证明了输油管道压力信号具有严格混沌动态特性. 为基于输油管道压力时间序列的研究提供了混沌理论基础. 关键词： 压力时间序列 Lyapunov指数 分形维数 混沌     

平面单位区域内二次曲线混沌特性研究

研究平面单位区域内的二次函数的混沌特性,发现标准二次跌射是Li-Yorke混沌的,也是Devaney混沌的;在满足一定条件下,还存在大量的二次函数是混沌的.一些二次函数可以使用平移与缩放等变换化为标准二次函数,其混沌特性不变;同时,对单位区域上的非标准二次函数进行了初步的研究.通过计算Lyapunov指数以及绘制分岔图等对二次曲线的混沌特性进一步分析,其中参数变化的分岔图以及混沌曲线控制点的区域分布图等有一定的研究价值.另外研究表明,使用多个二次曲线交叉迭代能够产生较好的混沌序列,该混沌序列可以应用于图像加密等一些实际应用领域.     

Chaotic laser dynamics

Chaotic emission of lasers theoretically predicted long ago has only recently been experimentally verified. A review of experiments on various laser types is given.     

Chaotic dynamics of spin-valve oscillators

Recent experimental and theoretical studies on the magnetization dynamics driven by an electric current have uncovered a number of unprecedented rich dynamic phenomena. We predict an intrinsic chaotic dynamics that has not been previously anticipated. We explicitly show that the transition to chaotic dynamics occurs through a series of period doubling bifurcations. In chaotic regime, two dramatically different power spectra, one with a well-defined peak and the other with a broadly distributed noise, are identified and explained.     

Chaotic dynamics of sea clutter

The notion that a deterministic nonlinear dynamical system (with relatively few degrees of freedom) can display aperiodic behavior has a strong bearing on sea clutter characterization: random-looking sea clutter may be the outcome of a chaotic process. This new approach envisages deterministic rules for the underlying sea clutter dynamics, in contrast to the stochastic approach where sea clutter is viewed as a random process with a large number of degrees of freedom. In this paper, we demonstrate, convincingly for the first time, the chaotic dynamics of sea clutter. We say so on the basis of results obtained using radar data collected from a series of extensive and thorough experiments, which have been carried out with ground-truthed sea clutter data sets at three different sites. The study includes correlation dimension analysis (based on the maximum likelihood principle) and Lyapunov spectrum analysis. The Lyapunov (Kaplan-Yorke) dimension, which is a byproduct of Lyapunov spectrum analysis, shows that it is indeed a good estimator of the correlation dimension. The Lyapunov spectrum also reveals that sea clutter is produced by a coupled system of nonlinear differential equations of order five or six. (c) 1997 American Institute of Physics.     

Chaotic dynamics on large networks

Many systems in nature are governed by a large number of agents that interact nonlinearly through complex feedback loops. When the networks are sufficiently large and interconnected, they typically exhibit self-organization and chaos. This paper examines the prevalence and degree of chaos on large unweighted recurrent networks of ordinary differential equations with sigmoidal nonlinearities and unit coupling. The largest Lyapunov exponent is used as the signature and measure of the chaos, and the study includes the effects of damping, asymmetries in the distribution of coupling strengths, network symmetry, and sparseness of connections. Minimum conditions and optimal network architectures are determined for the existence of chaos. The results have implications for the design of social and other networks in the real world in which weak chaos is deemed desirable or as a way of understanding why certain networks might exist on "the edge of chaos."     

Chaotic dynamics in two-dimensional superionics

A simple model neglecting the internal friction is studied as an attempt to achieve a better understanding of both temperature and stoichiometry dependence of the low-frequency Raman lines. The model accounts for the particular structure as well as for the ion hoppings. A new mechanism for the specific behaviour of the phonon modes in β-aluminas is suggested. Upon traversing a certain critical value of the temperature, the potential barrier variations results in a completely new individual ion motion: An infinite cascade of bifurcations leads to destruction of the harmonic oscillators and a broad band noise in the spectral density is established.     

Chaotic dynamics and dielectric loss

The dielectric losses due to the chaotic dynamics in disordered heterogeneous systems of the type of statistical mixtures with a chaotic distribution of the components having the real permittivities of opposite signs are investigated. The specific features observed in the behavior of these systems in the vicinity of the percolation threshold and far away from it are analyzed, and a comparison with the hierarchical dual media obtained by the mixing procedure is performed.     

Chaotic dynamics of a whirling pendulum

A physical system is considered consisting of a rigid frame which is free to rotate about a vertical axis and to which is attached a planar simple pendulum. This system has “one and a half” degrees of freedom due to the fact that the frame and pendulum may freely rotate about the vertical axis, i.e., conservation of angular momentum holds for the “ideal”, or unperturbed, system. Using a Hamiltonian formulation we reduce the unperturbed equations of motion to a conservative planar system in which the constant angular momentum plays the role of a parameter. This system is shown to possess one or two sets of homoclinic motions depending on the level of the angular momentum. When this system is perturbed by external excitations and dissipative forces these homoclinic motions can break into homoclinic tangles providing the conditions for chaotic motions of the horseshoe type to exist. The criteria for this to occur can be formulated using a variation of Melnikov's method developed for slowly varying oscillators [1, 2]. For the present problem, the angular momentum becomes a slowly varying parameter upon addition of the disturbances. These ideas are used to rigorously prove the existence of chaotic motions for this system and to compute, to first order, global bifurcation parameter conditions. Since two types of homoclinic motions can occur, two different chaotic modes of motion can result and physical interpretations of these motions are given. In addition, a limiting case is considered in which the system becomes a single degree of freedom oscillator with parametric excitation.     

Chaotic dynamics of semiconductor microring lasers

The complexity and dynamics of chaotic attractors generated in an InGaAsP-InP microring laser are calculated and evaluated by using a multimode rate equation model. Chaos originates from the continuous mutual injections from each mode to the other because of the bus waveguide's residual reflectivity at high values of the injection current. The data analysis of the filtered output power reveals high-dimensional chaos, and phase-dependent behavior is demonstrated.     

Chaotic dynamics of a bouncing ball

A detailed study of a mapping on a two-dimensional manifold is made. The mapping describes a system subject to periodic forcing, in particular an imperfectly elastic ball bouncing on a vibrating platform. Quasiperiodic motion on a one-dimensional manifold is proven, and observed numerically, at low forcing, while at higher forcing Smale horseshoes are present. We examine the evolution of the attracting set with changing parameter. Spatial structure is oganised by fixed points of the mapping and sudden changes occur by crises. A new type of chaos, in which a trajectory alternates between two distinct chaotic regions, is described and explained in terms of manifold collisions. Throughout we are concerned to examine the behaviour of Lyapunov exponents. Typical behaviour of Lyapunov exponents in the quasiperiodic regime under the influence of external noise is discussed. At higher forcing a certain symmetry of the attractor allows an analytic expression for the exponents to be given.