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1.
旋转导向钻具组合力学分析   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
旋转导向系统代表了当今定向钻井的先进水平,是井眼轨道控制技术的发展方向. 为了解决旋转导向钻井轨道控制问题,进行了旋转导向钻具组合(rotary steering bottom hole assembly, RS-BHA) 力学分析. 应用纵横弯曲法建立了典型的柔性RS-BHA 三维力学分析模型,得到了钻头侧向力和导向参数间的相互关系,进而根据极限曲率法可预测旋转导向工具的造斜能力,并计算设计井眼轨道需要的导向参数. 通过力学分析,可以优化RS-BHA,了解井眼轨道控制规律,为旋转导向工具设计和定向钻井自动控制提供理论依据.  相似文献   

2.
随着钻井提速提效技术的发展,螺杆钻具匹配旋转导向工具的组合方式被大量使用.为了探究这种组合方式的优越性,本文以某油田现场使用的钻具组合方式为例,进行了全井钻柱动力学分析.为了较好地模拟出钻具在井下的受力情况,利用动力学软件Adams进行建模;为了得到较为准确的计算结果,根据井下的实际情况,考虑了钻头与井底的接触方式、排量与螺杆转速的关系、旋转导向工具推靠力及钻柱与井壁接触的属性等因素,在Adams软件基础上进行开发.随后,建立了全井钻柱动力学仿真模型,模拟了常规螺杆钻具和匹配旋转导向工具的螺杆钻具在相同工况下的动力学特性,对比两种方式下螺杆钻具的轴向力、弯矩、扭矩等随时间的变化,所得结果可用于指导钻具组合的设计.通过动力学分析发现:匹配旋转导向工具的螺杆钻具所受的弯矩增大明显;螺杆钻具配备下扶正器可以有效降低钻具的弯矩和振幅.  相似文献   

3.
石油钻井底部钻具组合大挠度三维分析   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
精确描述了石油钻井底部钻具组合在三维弯曲井眼中的变形约束条件及边界条件,应用加权余量法,对底部钻具组合静力大挠度问题进行了三维分析研究,并编写了相应的计算机分析程序。该程序可以在普通微机上运行,能迅速模拟计算底部钻具组合任一点的挠度、转角和内力,同时求得钻头对地层的机械作用力和偏转角。通过算例分析,本文初步阐明了井眼曲率及方程中的非线性项对钻头力学特性的影响效果。  相似文献   

4.
在应用下部钻具组合上切点位置确定方法的基础上,给出了描述稳定器在井眼中位置的方法,并提出了可在三维力学问题中用于判断稳定器在井眼中径向位置的方法.首先忽略井眼约束并计算下部钻具组合的变形,再施加井眼约束条件,按某种顺序逐一计算稳定器在井眼中的位置,最终依据井壁对稳定器支撑反力的大小及方向筛选出最合理的结果.理论计算结果表明:无论采用何种装置角,相比假设稳定器与上切点均在井眼低边,采用本文方法计算得到的最小钻头弯矩更小,这意味着下部钻具组合所具有的势能更小,更趋于达到稳定状态;计算得到的钻头方位力方向与现场实践所取得的认识保持一致.本文研究可为下部钻具组合的优化设计提供理论依据.  相似文献   

5.
旋转IMU在光纤捷联航姿系统中的应用   总被引:7,自引:1,他引:7  
惯性测量单元输出信号的精度直接影响捷联惯性导航系统的精度,为了提高捷联系统的精度,以舰船光纤捷联惯性航姿系统为应用对象,采用了双轴旋转机构连续匀速旋转IMU的系统方法,把惯性测量单元输出信号中的漂移误差调制成正弦信号,通过捷联算法中的积分运算可以有效地消除陀螺和加速度计中的漂移误差,从而有效地提高捷联惯性航姿系统的精度,并进行了系统仿真实验。仿真结果表明:经过旋转以后的IMU输出信号误差较传统非旋转方法可以减小一个数量级。基于双轴旋转IMU的系统方法可以有效地减小IMU输出信号漂移误差和提高捷联惯性航姿系统的精度。  相似文献   

6.
一种建立多体系统计算模型的新方法   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3       下载免费PDF全文
本文根据约束的数学力学性质提出了一种新的多体系统建模方法。同传统的缩并法相比,本文所提出的方法具有更好的数值稳定性和较高的计算效率。  相似文献   

7.
温彦凯  梁冰  孙维吉 《实验力学》2018,33(1):141-149
针对深部矿井中煤岩所处的高应力、强开采扰动等复杂的赋存环境特点,设计并研发蓄能落锤式动静组合加载试验系统,本文详细介绍了该系统的结构特点、技术指标及功能等。该系统能够分别独立向试样施加轴向冲击载荷、轴向静载荷及侧向静载荷,实现试样不同动静组合加载。该系统所用试样尺寸大,向试样施加的冲击载荷更接近现场实际。采用冲击力传感器及动态应变仪等高精度传感器进行实时监测,记录试样应变及所受冲击载荷。利用该系统对煤样进行了相同轴向载荷与不同冲击载荷共同作用下的动静组合加载试验,实时采集煤样冲击过程中力与应变数据。通过绘制冲击过程煤样应力应变曲线,分析不同动静组合加载下煤样应力及应变的变化特点,通过观察煤样形态,分析煤样的破坏变形特征,初步研究不同动静组合条件下煤样的破坏变形规律。该系统的研制丰富了深部高应力、强扰动等环境下岩石力学性质的研究手段,可为防治冲击地压灾害提供科学的试验基础。  相似文献   

8.
基于多目标模糊优化算法的边坡变形组合预测模型   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为提高边坡变形时间曲线预测精度,提出了基于多目标模糊优化算法的边坡变形组合预测模型.首先通过经验阈值法优选单一预测模型进行组合;然后采用均方误差描述预测模型的拟合误差,采用灰色关联度描述预测模型与边坡实际变形曲线的发展相关性,以拟合误差小和发展相关性好为目标,引入模糊优化算法确定多目标模糊满意度综合评价函数,建立多目标优化模型;最后采用粒子群优化算法(PSO)求解组合预测模型的最优权重,实现边坡变形的多目标精细化预测.采用该模型对宜巴高速路段老屋包坡体CX19测斜孔变形数据进行预测分析,预测结果表明该模型的拟合误差和发展相关性均优于传统的单一预测模型,能有效提高预测的精度,具有工程应用价值.  相似文献   

9.
基于粘弹性广义有限单元和接触力元,发展了适用于多体相互作用系统非连续变形分析的粘弹性数值分析方法,通过虚功原理,给出了其分区参变量最小势能原理,从而阐明了其理论基础。粘弹性广义有限单元的本构关系可由粘弹性退化为弹性或刚性,因此本文所提出的方法可对由刚体、弹性体和粘弹性体所构成的复杂多体系统在外荷载作用下的力学行为进行数值模拟,同时能够比本文精确地直接得到多体之间的接触应力。  相似文献   

10.
以弹性力学为基础,对套管-水泥环-地层多层组合系统在理想固井状况下受非均匀地应力和均匀内压时的受载特性进行了分析;并依据接触条件和连续条件建立了相应的线性代数方程组,得到了套管-水泥环-地层多层组合系统应力分布的解析解;研究了水泥环厚度、弹性模量、泊松比、套管层数变化对最内层套管外壁径向应力分布规律的影响,并讨论了上述因素对最内层套管外壁径向应力最大值及应力分布非均匀系数的影响。结果表明:上述因素对最内层套管外壁径向应力的分布均有影响;对于具体问题,应综合考虑组合系统的几何、力学参数确定上述参数的最优值。本文研究可为复杂地层套管柱设计及多层复合材料的抗外挤问题提供参考。  相似文献   

11.
钻柱力学基本方程及其应用   总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21       下载免费PDF全文
建立了适用于钻柱几何非线性动力分析的钻柱动力学基本方程,在此基础上建立了导向钻具三维小挠度静力分析的数学模型、导向钻具三维大挠度静力分析的数学模型、钻柱稳态拉力-扭矩模型。  相似文献   

12.
变刚度梁柱理论及其应用   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2       下载免费PDF全文
为解决井斜控制实践中存在的不等截面尺寸梁柱问题, 讨论了典型的变刚度纵横弯曲梁力学模型. 根据变刚度梁柱变形的挠曲线微分方程和边界条件及连续条件, 得到了梁柱变形和端部转角的解析计算式, 进而应用梁柱理论叠加原理可解决有集中力作用下的井下控制工具和带变径稳定器的底部钻具组合(BHA)受力分析问题. 变刚度梁柱理论在BHA力学分析中得到了成功应用, 为井下控制工具设计、钻具组合优化及井斜控制提供了理论依据.  相似文献   

13.
Harmach  A.  Gatignol  R. 《Meccanica》1997,32(6):545-553
The study concerns the separated two-phase gas-liquid flow in a horizontal or slightly inclined pipe. The cross section of the cylindrical pipe is elliptical. After deriving the partial differential equations, the analytical prediction of the transition between stratified/non-stratified flows is obtained by using a linear stability analysis. The stratified flow, in a pipe having one of its cross sections axes disposed horizontally, is more stable when this axis is the great major.  相似文献   

14.
    
This research describes a nondestructive method for the quantitative estimation of property variations due to damage in metal materials. The method employs a damage mechanics model, which accounts for stiffness degradation and damage evolution of a metal medium with a measurement of ultrasonic velocity. In order to describe the progressive deterioration of materials prior to the initiation of macrocracks, we have developed a new damage mechanics model. Thereafter, a finite element model valid for numerically describing such damage process has been developed by ABAQUS/Standard code, and correlations between damage state, elastic stiffness and plastic strain could be found by the results of the finite element simulation. The property variations due to damage evolution are calculated based on the Mori–Tanaka theory, and then the ultrasonic velocity can be predicted by Christoffel’s equation. When the measured velocity is coupled with the theoretically predicted velocity, the unknown damage variable is solved, from which other residual properties are determined by the predictions of damage model. The proposed technique is performed on type 304 stainless steel bars. The numerical results obtained by the simulation were compared with experimental ones in order to verify the validity of the proposed finite element model and good agreement was found. It is shown that the damaged properties of metals can be estimated accurately by the proposed method.  相似文献   

15.
以产生相同位移场为基础,将动荷载转化为一系列的等效静荷载,然后将这些等效静荷载作为多个载荷工况进行有限元优化设计分析. 通过几个算例的验证,表明这种基于动荷载等效转换的算法能够反映动荷载对结构的动力响应,对具有大规模自由度的结构形状优化问题是有效的.  相似文献   

16.
    
A major mechanism for electrochemical aging of Li-ion batteries is the growth of a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer on the surface of anode particles, which leads to capacity fade and also results in a rise in cell resistance. We have formulated a continuum theory for the growth of an SEI layer—a theory which accounts for the generation of the attendant growth stresses. The theory has been numerically implemented in a finite-element program. This simulation capability for SEI growth is coupled with our previously published chemo-mechanical simulation capability for intercalation of Li-ions in electrode particles. Using this new combined capability we have simulated the formation and growth of an SEI layer during cyclic lithiation and delithiation of an anode particle, and predicted the evolution of the growth stresses in the SEI layer. The evolution of the stress state within the SEI layer and at the SEI/anode-particle interface for spherical- and spheroidal-shaped graphite particles is studied. This knowledge of the local interfacial stresses provides a good estimate for the propensity of potential delamination of an SEI layer from an anode particle.  相似文献   

17.
基于两点起爆实验,采用动力学有限元程序,在不考虑圆管破裂的前提下,详细分析了同一炸药爆轰下金属圆管各材料力学参数对其运动的影响规律。计算结果表明:弹性模量越大,泊松比越大,金属圆管的膨胀速度越大,但它们对圆管膨胀的位移和速度影响极小,在工程中可以忽略;屈服应力对金属圆管的运动有一定影响,屈服应力越大,对碰部位的鼓包范围越宽,鼓包峰值越小,但圆管各处的膨胀量均落后于屈服应力较小的情况;密度对圆管运动有较大影响,密度越大,受鼓包影响范围越宽,鼓包峰高越小。  相似文献   

18.
Nucleation of microcracks can be detected and analyzed by acoustic emission (AE), by which crack kinematics of locations, types and rientations are quantitatively estimated. The procedure was applied to clarify mechanisms of corrosion cracking. Based on fracture mechanics, numerical analysis was conducted by the boundary element method (BEM). Relations between the stress intensity factors and crack types were investigated by BEM solutions. In experiments, four types of crack patterns were nucleated by employing expansive agent. Following the surface crack, the diagonal crack and/or the horizontal crack propagated. The internal crack extended after the surface crack was terminated. Depending on the crack types, contributions of mode-I and mode-II were varied. According to AE results, four crack patterns observed differently consisted of tensile, mixed-mode and shear cracks. It is demonstrated that mechanisms of corrosion cracking in concrete are dominantly of mode-I failure along with a minor contribution of mixed-mode and mode-II.  相似文献   

19.
This paper presents an elasto-viscoplastic consistent tangent operator (CTO) based boundary element formulation, and application for calculation of path-domain independentJ integrals (extension of the classicalJ integrals) in nonlinear crack analysis. When viscoplastic deformation happens, the effective stresses around the crack tip in the nonlinear region is allowed to exceed the loading surface, and the pure plastic theory is not suitable for this situation. The concept of consistency employed in the solution of increment viscoplastic problem, plays a crucial role in preserving the quadratic rate asymptotic convergence of iteractive schemes based on Newton's method. Therefore, this paper investigates the viscoplastic crack problem, and presents an implicit viscoplastic algorithm using the CTO concept in a boundary element framework for path-domain independentJ integrals. Applications are presented with two numerical examples for viscoplastic crack problems andJ integrals. The project supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (9713008) and Zhejiang Natural Science Foundation Special Funds No. RC.9601  相似文献   

20.
    
The existing analytical solutions are extended to obtain the stress fields and the stress intensity factors (SIFs) of two unequal aligned cracks emanating from an elliptical hole in an infinite isotropic plane. A conformal mapping is proposed and combined with the complex variable method. Due to some difficulties in the calculation of the stress function, the mapping function is approximated and simplified via the applications of the series expansion. To validate the obtained solution, several examples are analyzed with the proposed method, the finite element method, etc. In addition, the effects of the lengths of the cracks and the ratio of the semi-axes of the elliptical hole (a/b) on the SIFs are studied. The results show that the present analytical solution is applicable to the SIFs for small cracks.  相似文献   

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