On the interpretation of the electron anomalous magnetic moment

Guided by a Compton-sized model, we demonstrate that: (a) the magnetic self-energy of the electron, as estimated initially by Rasetti and Fermi, can be directly related to both the sign and the magnitude of the electron anomalous magnetic moment; and (b) the classical expression for the magnetic self-energy of the electron exhibits the same characteristic logarithmic divergence that occurs in QED. This electron model quantitatively reproduces the spin, magnetic moment, and gyromagnetic ratio of the electron, correct to first order in = e² /c. It also relates the quantum-mechanical spin projection angle to the vanishing of the electric quadrupole moment, and it is capable of reproducing point-like scattering behavior.     

Operators of observables for a neutral particle with anomalous magnetic moment in an electromagnetic field

The explicit form of operators of kinetic momenta and spin projection for a neutral particle with an anomalous magnetic moment in constant homogeneous electromagnetic field is found. The possible applications of the obtained results in neutrino physics are considered.     

反常磁矩对弱磁场弱相互作用费米气体热力学性质的影响

考虑费米子的反常磁矩, 运用赝势法和热力学理论, 导出弱磁场中弱相互作用费米气体自由能的解析式, 以此为基础给出高温和低温情况下系统热力学性质, 分析反常磁矩对热力学性质的影响机理. 研究表明: 反常磁矩对热力学性质的影响与温度相关, 而且这种影响随温度的上升在低温区是增大的, 在高温区是减小的; 对于系统的化学势、内能, 反常磁矩加强了磁场的影响, 弱化了相互作用的影响; 对于系统的热容量, 反常磁矩在低温区使其减小, 在高温区使其增加.     

The anomalous magnetic moment of the electron

The value of the electron's magnetic moment is a fundamental quantity in physics. Its deviation from the value expected from Dirac theory has given enormous impetus to the field of quantum theory and especially to quantum electrodynamics (QED) as the relativistic quantum field theory of electrodynamics. In fact, the measured values both for free and for bound electrons are explained by corresponding QED calculations on the part per trillion and part per billion level of accuracy, respectively. This agreement is amongst the best known in physics today. In turn, it allows highly precise determinations of related fundamental constants like the fine structure constant α or the electron mass. The present article discusses the application of the continuous Stern–Gerlach effect to the precise measurement of magnetic moments, especially of the electron bound in highly charged ions and possible tests of calculations in the framework of QED of bound states. Also, a test of QED in a more general approach by the comparison of values for the fine structure constant derived from different measurements, will be discussed.     

Magnetic moment of phonons in graphene induced by a magnetic field

A magnetic field not only changes the electronic structure in graphene but also affects the phonon excitations via the electron-phonon interaction and even enables the phonons to generate magnetism. In this paper, we evaluate the magnetic moment of phonons in graphene using a generating-functional technique. The calculation results indicate that the phonon magnetic moment exists only in a weak magnetic field. The step-like change of the magnetic moment with the magnetic field reflects a macroscopic quantum effect.     

The QED vacuum polarization function at four loops and the anomalous magnetic moment at five loops

The anomalous magnetic moment of the muon is one of the most fundamental observables. It has been measured experimentally with a very high precision and on theory side the contributions from perturbative QED have been calculated up to five-loop level by numerical methods. Contributions to the muon anomalous magnetic moment from certain diagram classes are also accessible by alternative methods. In this paper we present the evaluation of contributions to the QED corrections due to insertions of the vacuum polarization function at five-loop level.     

A simple method to estimate the magnetic moment of magnetic micro-particles

Micro-particles in suspension in a fluid are an example of a very low Reynolds number problem. In this case, no inertial effects are observed. Magnetic micro-particles with magnetic moment m, suspended in a fluid orient to applied external magnetic fields B due to the interaction between the field and the magnetic moment. In this work, we present a simple method to estimate the total magnetic moment of magnetic micro-organisms. The method is based on the application of an external oscillating magnetic field in the sites where the micro-organisms are. In this case, it is possible to obtain theoretically the solution of the equation of motion (rotation of the organism and its trajectory). The solution is a transcendental equation relating the orientation angle and m and can be solved by numerical methods. Changing the frequency and/or the field intensity, it is possible to obtain a situation in which the crystal rotates uninterruptedly (a resonance regime). This condition is related to the applied field intensity, to the frequency, to the medium viscosity, to the crystal dimension, and to the micro-crystal magnetic moment m. The method can be used to estimate the total cellular magnetic moment of magnetic micro-particles.     

缪轻子反常磁矩和北京谱仪实验

最新的缪子反常磁矩实验测量结果与标准模型理论预言偏离4.2σ,提供了新物理存在的重要证据。然而要确认新物理的存在,实验和理论还需要进一步提高精度。运行在量子色动力学微扰与非微扰过渡能区的北京谱仪实验能够约束缪子反常磁矩理论计算中最重要的误差来源——强相互作用的修正。文章介绍了缪子反常磁矩的实验与理论现状,特别是北京谱仪实验上相关的研究成果,并展望了未来缪子反常磁矩的实验测量与理论计算。     

Method for measuring the anomalous magnetic moment of free electrons

It is shown that a previously described method for measuring the spin resonance of free electrons in a trap can also be used to measure their (g-2) anomaly. The electrons are trapped in an electrostatic quadrupole field with a superimposed homogeneous axial magnetic field, and are polarized by spin exchange. The spin and (g-2) resonance are monitored through the spin dependence of the excitation processe+Na (3S)→e+Na(3P). Calculations are made of the energy levels and transition probabilities of the trapped electrons.     

Nuclear magnetic moment: Relativistic mean field description

Valence nucleon effective mass, which is almost constant, is proposed within the relativistic mean field theories of finite nuclei (closed shell ± one nucleon). It acquires a slight spin-orbit splitting due to relativistic effects. The relativistic Dirac magnetic moment is rewritten analytically in terms of angular momentum-Pauli spin coupled states and the effective mass. Introducing the nucleon effective charge, the iso-scalar and iso-vector corrections to the magnetic moment operator are extracted from the overall one parameter fit of the measured and the calculated values. The calculated values of magnetic moments are in overall fair agreement with the experiment as well as with the other detailed microscopic calculations.     

电矩张量与旋转带电体的磁矩

基于旋转带电体的磁矩与刚体转动惯量之间的类比关系,引入带电体的一个不同于电四极矩的电矩张量的概念,进而引入标量电矩二次曲面及电矩主轴的概念,借助正交变换及电矩张量矩阵的本征值理论,推导出沿任意方向定轴旋转带电体的磁矩的计算公式及电矩张量的若干性质,并举例说明.     

Effective supersymmetric theory and muon anomalous magnetic moment with R parity violation

The effective supersymmetric theory (ESUSY) with R parity conservation cannot give a large anomalous magnetic moment of μ. It is pointed out that the flavor conservation and a large (g−2)_μ within the experimental limits are achievable in the ESUSY with R parity violating couplings involving the third generation superparticles.     

Magnetic neutrino scattering on atomic electrons revisited

We reexamine the role of electron binding effects in the inelastic neutrino–atom scattering induced by the neutrino magnetic moment. The differential cross section of the process is presented as a sum of the longitudinal and transverse components, according to whether the force that the neutrino magnetic moment exerts on electrons is parallel or perpendicular to momentum transfer. The atomic electrons are treated nonrelativistically. On this basis, the recent theoretical predictions concerning the magnetic neutrino-impact ionization of atoms are critically discussed. Numerical calculations are performed for ionization of a hydrogenlike Ge⁺³¹ ion by neutrino impact.     

磁场及磁矩的测量实验

对地磁水平分量测量实验加以改进,将其扩充为能够测量亥姆霍兹线圈磁场分布和磁针的转动惯量以及磁针磁矩的实验.使其成为一个综合性较强,适用于开展研究性实验的项目.     

磁性拓扑绝缘体中的量子化反常霍尔效应

文章从平常霍尔效应出发,介绍了反常霍尔效应及其内秉物理机制,并在此基础上介绍了其量子化版本——量子化反常霍尔效应.然后从拓扑有序态的角度,重点讨论了量子化反常霍尔效应与量子霍尔效应、量子自旋霍尔效应、拓扑绝缘体等之间的区别与内在联系.最后介绍了通过在拓扑绝缘体（Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3 和 Sb2Te3）薄膜中掺杂过渡金属元素（Cr 或 Fe）实现量子化反常霍尔效应的方法.     

阳离子空位磁矩起因探讨

运用群论和分子轨道理论的方法, 系统地研究了非掺杂磁性半导体中阳离子空位产生磁矩的原因, 并用海森堡模型阐明了磁矩之间的交换耦合机理. 研究发现: 阳离子空位磁矩的大小与占据缺陷能级轨道的未配对电子数有关, 而缺陷能级的分布与空位的晶场对称性密切相关; 通过体系的反铁磁状态和铁磁状态下的能量差估算交换耦合系数J₀, 交换耦合系数J₀的正负可以用来预测磁矩之间的耦合是否为铁磁耦合:J₀>0, 则表明磁矩之间的耦合为铁磁耦合, 反之为反铁磁耦合. 最后指出空位的几何构型发生畸变(John-Teller效应)的原因: 缺陷能级轨道简并度的降低与占据缺陷能级轨道的电子的数目有直接的关系.     

运动介质的电偶极矩与磁矩

在推导出介质的极化强度与磁化强度的坐标变换公式的基础上,分析导出了运动介质的电偶极矩与磁矩.     

CoFeB/Pt多层膜的垂直磁各向异性研究

具有垂直磁各向异性的磁性纳米结构是自旋转移力矩器件的重要研究内容, 本文采用反常霍尔效应系统地研究了磁控溅射法制备的[CoFeB/Pt]_n多层膜的垂直磁各向异性. 当CoFeB的厚度小于0.6 nm时, 可以在[CoFeB/Pt]_n多层膜中观察到清晰的垂直磁各向异性, 其垂直磁各向异性强烈依赖于CoFeB和Pt层厚度及多层膜周期数. 当多层膜周期数n ≥ 5时, 出现零剩磁现象. 另外, [CoFeB/Pt]_n多层膜的矫顽力均小于2 kA·m^-1, 有望作为垂直自由层的重要侯选材料应用于垂直磁纳米结构中.     

Valley filtering due to orbital magnetic moment in bilayer graphene

We investigate the effect of valley-dependent orbital magnetic moment on the transmission of quasiparticles through biased bilayer graphene npn and pnp junctions in the presence of out-of-plane magnetic field. It is shown that the valley-polarized Zeeman-like energy splitting, due to the interaction of orbital magnetic moment with magnetic field, can suppress the transmission of quasiparticles of one valley while transmitting those of the other valley. This valley-selective transmission property can be exploited for valley filtering. We demonstrate that the npn and pnp junction, respectively, filters off the $K^{\prime }$-valley and K-valley particles, with nearly perfect degree of filtration.     

Muon Anomalous Magnetic Moment in the Supersymmetric Models with and Without Right—Handed Neutrinos

We discuss the anomalous magnetic moment of muon in the minimal supersymmetric model with and without right-handed neutrinos.In the same framework,the decay width of τ→μγ is also evaluated.Considering the measured g-2 value of muon in the E821 experiment and other experimental constraints on the lepton-flavor-violation processes,we carry out numerical analysis on the concerned observables in the minimal supergravity scenario.