基于智能手机的可视化生物传感器在即时检测中的研究进展

人体生理指标是衡量健康与否的重要标准。传统的检测方法通常要求单独的实验室、复杂的操作流程且耗费较长的检测时间,难以满足快速诊断和居家健康监测的需求,因此亟需开发便携、快速和精准的现场检测技术。即时检测（Point-of-care testing, POCT）区别于传统实验室检测的主要特征是不需要实验室繁杂的分析过程即可实现生物分子的快速原位检测。智能手机作为日常生活广泛使用的通讯工具,具有独立的操作系统,内置存储功能,还配备高清摄像头,在POCT可视化检测方面有巨大的应用潜力。将各种生物传感技术与智能手机相结合已经发展成为POCT领域的一个新方向。本文对近年来基于智能手机的可视化生物传感器在POCT中的研究进展进行了评述,包括比色传感器、荧光传感器、化学发光传感器和电化学发光传感器等,总结了目前基于智能手机可视化生物传感器在POCT应用中面临的问题,并对其未来发展前景进行了展望。     

基于智能手机现场快速检测技术研究进展

作为一种便携式的功能性移动电子设备,智能手机的广泛应用为便携式检测提供了发展平台,并在临床诊断、食品安全分析和环境监测等领域表现出巨大的应用潜力。本文综述了2018～2022年,基于智能手机与比色法、荧光法、化学发光法、电化学分析、免疫分析及微流控分析等技术联用的即时检测应用研究进展,并对其发展趋势和应用前景进行了展望。     

基于简单信号读出的即时检测研究进展

即时检测(Point-of-care testing,POCT)技术作为一种简便、快速的在线分析检测手段,在疾病诊断、健康管理、环境监测和应急响应分析等领域得到了广泛应用.有效构建适于各种目标分析物的简单信号读出的产生、转移、放大和增敏策略,发展具有简单、快速、灵敏的分析检测信号,已成为POCT研究领域关注的热点.一些...     

基于分子印迹检测盒的智能手机血糖测定方法研究

建立了一种基于葡萄糖印迹检测盒的智能手机检测血液中葡萄糖的方法。以葡萄糖印迹试纸与显色剂构成检测盒,血液中的葡萄糖与检测盒中的葡萄糖印迹试纸产生特异性结合后,用氯仿洗脱杂质,在试纸表面加入显色剂使之反应显色,再用智能手机拍照并结合免费软件GIMP 2.8检测色度。结果表明,制备的分子印迹试纸对葡萄糖的吸附时间为5 min,最大吸附量为0.673 mg/片。检测的色度(H)与葡萄糖浓度的负对数(pC)呈良好的线性关系,线性方程为H=421-23.3pC,相关系数(r)为0.993。并进行了兔血中葡萄糖的测定和回收率试验,得方法回收率为91.8%～108%。相比于血糖仪,该方法检测成本低,使用更方便,结果满意。     

基于智能手机图像的移动反应界面电泳距离检测和分析

现有的电泳滴定(electrophoresis titration, ET)技术仍采用计算机进行数据处理和分析,其定量检测的即时性和便携性仍存在明显不足。针对这一问题,本文发展了一种基于智能手机的ET系统,实现了ET的即时性定量分析。该系统集成了三通道电泳滴定芯片与蓝牙通信功能,并设计了手机软件。通过该软件,不仅可以控制ET装置的电泳运行,还可以调用手机摄像头获取有色电泳界面,即时识别反应界面并显示定量检测结果。ET装置尺寸为10 cm×15 cm×2.5 cm,重300 g,可轻松手持,适用于现场检测。本文以人源血清总蛋白和尿酸(UA)为研究目标,分别使用基于聚丙烯酰胺凝胶的蛋白电泳酸碱滴定与基于琼脂糖凝胶的尿酸酶催化电泳滴定进行检测分析。用人血清白蛋白(HSA)标准品与尿酸标准品验证装置的性能,结果表明：HSA和UA的拟合优度(决定系数)分别为0.995 9和0.993 5,线性(或对数线性)范围分别为0.5～35.0 g/L和100～4 000μmol/L,检出限分别为0.05 g/L和50μmol/L,相对标准偏差最大值分别为2.87%和3.21%,表明该系统具有较好的检测准确...     

基于智能手机检测在食品安全中的应用

近年来,智能手机凭借其轻巧便携、成本低、可个性化定制且使用者无需专业培训等优势,在分析检测中的应用越来越多,并在医疗诊断、环境监测、食品监督等领域展现出广阔的应用前景,是众多学科巧妙结合的典范.该文综述了 2015～2020年初基于智能手机的检测技术在食品安全方面的应用,包括对食品添加剂、抗生素、微生物、农残与重金属、...     

食源性致病菌现场即时检测技术研究进展

食源性致病菌如大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌、金黄色葡萄球菌等是食源性疾病和食物中毒的主要原因,通常污染水果、蔬菜、肉类和海鲜,严重威胁食品安全.食源性致病菌的快速检测对公共卫生和食品安全至关重要.然而,传统的检测方法繁琐耗时,难以满足快检快诊的需求.现场即时检测(POCT)技术作为一种新兴的现场快速检测分析技术,具有操作简单、快...     

基于距离的微流控即时检测新方法

即时检测(Point-of-care testing,POCT)指在现场或近患者处,由未接受训练的工作人员或患者本人进行自我监测或检测,即在传统的核心或中心实验室以外进行的检测。微流控技术因其具有低耗样量、高通量、高灵敏度以及易于集成等优点,但只能提供定性或半定量结果,且检测结果容易受用户个体差异(尤其是色弱、色盲)以及外界条件的影响。厦门大学化学化工学院杨朝勇教授近期发展了一系列基于距离的微流控即时检测新方法,为即时可视化定量检测提供     

智能手机光学检测技术用于检测水体中污染物的研究

数字图像比色法(Digital Image Colorimetry,DIC)作为一种传感器方法具有简易、灵敏、成本低廉的优点,广泛应用于环境监测、化学及生物化学等领域。以LED面光源作为数字图像比色法的光源对六价铬水样进行了检测,显色反应后的溶液通过手机免费软件获取R(红)、G(绿)、B(蓝)颜色值。由于RGB模型为非均匀的颜色参数,故把R、G、B值转化为不同的数学模型,并比较各种数学模型所得出的标准曲线的线性相关性,其中灰度吸光度模型的线性相关系数最高(R~2=0.999 2)。检测方法的线性范围为0.02～1.0mg/L,检出限为0.006mg/L,加标回收率为96.5%～107%,方法具有简便快捷、灵敏度高,适用于快速现场检测。     

基于智能纤维和纺织品的可穿戴生物传感器

随着社会经济发展,人们越来越重视身体健康,对医疗设备的智能化、便携性、准确性要求越来越高。在此背景下,可穿戴生物传感器的市场需求不断提升。智能纤维和纺织品能够满足透气性和可穿戴性的要求,应用在可穿戴生物传感器中能够实时监测人们的身体状况,包括脉搏、呼吸、肢体运动等生命体征监测,汗液、唾液等成分分析和呼出物的检测。相比于传统的生物传感器,基于智能纤维和纺织品的可穿戴生物传感器可用于现场即时监测,从疾病预防、改善临床结果和生活质量到提高生产力、减轻医疗负担和降低医疗成本都发挥着重要作用。在这里,本文主要介绍了近几年智能纤维和纺织品在可穿戴生物传感器中的应用,按照生命体征监测、体液分析和呼出物检测这三个方面,对其传感策略例如比色传感、荧光传感、压电式传感等进行介绍。最后,我们对智能纤维与纺织品在可穿戴生物传感器中的应用状况以及面临的问题进行总结,并对其在可穿戴生物传感器的未来发展进行展望。     

Alkaline Phosphatase-based Electrochemical Analysis for Point-of-Care Testing

Point-of-care testing (POCT) devices have evolved to provide beneficial information about an individual's health whenever needed. Enzyme-based analytical devices have facilitated the highly selective detection of numerous biological molecules and ions. Enzymes are commonly used as the tags of recognition components, such as antibodies, to generate and amplify detection signals. Particularly, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is one of the most widely used enzymes because of its high turnover number and low cost. Rapid response time and the incorporation of many sensors fabricated by micro/nano processing technologies are the advantages in using electrochemical devices as analytical tools. Therefore, ALP-based electrochemical devices have potential applications for more practical POCT platforms. This review summarizes recent research progress of ALP-based electrochemical devices for POCT. In addition to ALP substrates, the application of ALP-based immunosensors, aptasensors, and DNAzyme sensors are discussed.     

Engineering of Portable Smartphone Integrated with Liposome-Encapsulated Curcumin for Onsite Visual Ratiometric Fluorescence Imaging of Hypochlorite

Precisely onsite monitoring of hypochlorite (ClO⁻) is of great significance to guide its rational use, reducing/avoiding its potential threat toward food safety and human health. Considering ClO⁻ could quench fluorescence of curcumin (CCM) by oxidizing the o-methoxyphenol of CCM into benzoquinone, a portable ratiometric fluorescence sensor integrated with smartphone was designed for realizing the visual point-of-care testing (POCT) of ClO⁻. The amphiphilic phospholipid polymer was used as carrier to wrap curcumin, forming a novel liposome-encapsulated CCM, which provided a scaffold to bind with [Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺ through electrostatic interaction, thus assembling [Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺-functionalized liposome-encapsulated CCM ([Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺@CCM-NPs). Further integrated with smartphone, visual imaging of [Ru(bpy)₃]²⁺@CCM-NPs could be achieved and the accurate onsite detection of ClO⁻ could be realized with a detection limit of 66.31 nM and a linear range of 0.2210 to 80.0 μM. In addition, the sensor could monitor ClO⁻ in real samples with an onsite detection time of ∼154.0 s.     

Antibody-invertase Cross-linkage Nanoparticles: A New Signal Tag for Point-of-Care Immunoassay of Alpha-fetoprotein for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Personal Glucometer

Methods based on immunoassays have been developed for cancer biomarker alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), but most involve complicated or stripping procedures and are unfavourable for routine use. Herein we report the proof-of-concept of simple and point-of-care (POC) immunoassay for AFP in hepatocellular carcinoma on a portable personal glucometer (PGM) by using antibody-invertase cross-linkage nanoparticles as the signal-generation tags. Antibody-invertase cross-linkage nano tags were synthesized by using reverse micellar method with glutaraldehyde. The POC immunoassay was carried out on monoclonal anti-AFP capture antibody-coated microplate with a sandwich-type reaction mode. Introduction of invertase nano labels accompanying target AFP could hydrolyse sucrose into glucose and fructose. The produced glucose molecules could be determined on a portable personal glucometer. Relative to unimolecular invertase labelling, improved analytical features were acquired with antibody-invertase nano labelling. With the nano labels, PGM-based immunoassay exhibited good electrochemical responses for the detection of AFP, and allowed detection of AFP at a concentration as low as 5.4 pg mL⁻¹. Moreover, a good repeatability and intermediate precision could be found down to 12.68 %. Good well-matched results were obtained for analysis of human serum specimens between POC immunoassay and commercial human AFP ELISA kit.     

用于肿瘤标志物现场快速检测的便携式仪表的研制

针对肿瘤标志物高灵敏度现场快速检测的需求,将电化学检测技术与电子技术相结合,采用差分脉冲伏安法(Differential pulse voltammetry,DPV)研制了一种可用于肿瘤标志物现场快速检测的便携式仪表,检测电压和电流的分辨率分别为0.8 mV和1nA.结合实验室自制微流控纸芯片,利用该便携式仪表对肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原(Carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)进行检测,实验结果表明,在1～500 μg/L浓度范围内,DPV峰值电流响应与CEA抗原浓度对数呈线性关系,线性相关系数为0.998,检出限为10 pg/mL.根据抗原抗体特异性结合和电化学检测原理,检测到电化学反应的微弱电流后,仪表可以根据已经标定的电流与浓度之间的比例关系自动计算出肿瘤标志物的浓度.此便携式仪表具有检测灵敏度高、检出限低等优点,可广泛应用于肿瘤标志物的即时检测.     

Retention index database for identification of general green leaf volatiles in plants by coupled capillary gas chromatography-mass spectrometry

A series of ubiquitously occurring saturated and monounsaturated six-carbon aldehydes, alcohols and esters thereof is summarised as ‘green leaf volatiles’ (GLVs). The present study gives a comprehensive data collection of retention indices of 35 GLVs on commonly used non-polar DB-5, mid-polar DB-1701, and polar DB-Wax stationary phases. Seventeen commercially not available compounds were synthesised. Thus, the present study allows reliable identification of most known GLV in natural plant volatile samples. Applications revealed the presence of several seldom reported GLVs in headspace samples of mechanically damaged plant leaves of Carpinus betulus and Fagus sylvatica.     

The Electrochemiluminescent Immunosensors for Point-of-Care Testing of Methamphetamine Using a Portable Meter

The crowd of methamphetamine (METH) abuse has obviously increased during past decades, their physical and mental health are seriously jeopardized. It compelled growing worry worldwide so that there is an anxious requirement to develop the accurate, sensitive, rapid, and convenient detection techniques to tackle the problem. In regard to this matter, we reported two sensors for METH with synergistical alliance of sensitive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) quantification and specifically immune recognition. These sensors are applicable for point-of-care testing when equipped a portable ECL meter with outstanding performance, makes the feasibility of on-spot analysis. The dual-way analysis of immunosensors can be carried on, both exhibit unprecedented sensitivity toward METH. Here, AuNPs functioned indium tin oxide (ITO) coated polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is used as the basal electrode, providing excellent ECL background and supporting the sensing matrix. The real sample identification demonstrated the practicability and accuracy which met the requirement of forensic judgement and clinical treatment. This work provides a viable methodology and technology for a rapid and reliable analysis of hard drug abuser's samples.     

Dual Signals Electrochemical Biosensor for Point-of-Care Testing of Amino Acids Enantiomers

A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor based on both potential and current dual signals was constructed via polypyrrole-coated chiral carbon nanotubes (L/D-CNT@PPy) loaded with Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) hybrid. Using L/D-CNT and β-CD as chiral selectors, PPy and Pt NPs enhanced the conductivity and the sensors showed excellent performance for chiral recognition of tyrosine (Tyr) and tryptophan (Trp). The linear ranges of the D-CNT@PPy@Pt NPs@β-CD sensor were 3–30 μM (Tyr) and 19.6–196 μM (Trp), respectively, the detection limits were 0.107 nM (Tyr) and 0.133 nM (Trp), respectively, and the recoveries for L-Tyr were 96.56 %–106.32 %. This electrochemical sensor based on a dual-signal strategy of potential and current was expected to be used in the field of point of care testing (POCT).     

担体负载单壁碳纳米管采样吸附剂的制备及其性能研究

将单壁碳纳米管负载于白色101担体上,制备了新型采样吸附剂S101.利用扫描电镜可观察到在101担体表面包覆的碳纳米管,粒度分布测试表明其粒径在180～250 μm之间; 通过BET(Brunauer emmett teller)吸附测得新型采样吸附剂的比表面积为16.8 m2/g,与Tenax TA大致相当; 热重实验表明, 其可耐400 ℃高温.采集不同湿度和储存不同的时间的样品, 测试回收率,采用冲洗色谱法分别测定常见挥发性有机化合物对S101的穿透体积,以及测试不同采样管的采样重现精度和分布体积对值,表明新型采样吸附剂具有湿度影响小、储存稳定的特点,对典型挥发性有机化合物都有较大的穿透体积,采样合格率达到100%.此吸附剂不仅保留了单壁碳纳米管原有优良的吸附性能,而且有效改善了单壁碳纳米管吸附管采样透气性,显著提高了采样精密度,可以广泛应用于实际气体样品采集.     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱法分析汉江有机污染物

采用恒温水浴吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱(P&T-GC/MS)法分析汉江水中挥发性有机物,提高了挥发性有机物分析的灵敏度;选用低空白的纯净水,降低了分析的干扰。采用避光的方法以及将水样直接过柱,提高了半挥发性有机物的回收率。用改进了的方法分析汉江水共检出有机物36种。此方法同样适用于其它地表水中有机物的分析。