Mn3O4包覆对LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4正极材料界面电化学性能的提高

本文采用化学湿磨法,首次将金属氧化物Mn₃O₄包覆于LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄颗粒表面,使得电极材料的电子电导率从1.53×10^-7 S/cm 提高到3.15×10^-5 S/cm. 电化学测试结果表明Mn₃O₄包覆大大提高LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄正极材料的倍率性能和高温循环稳定性. 最佳包覆样品为2.6wt% Mn₃O₄包覆的LiNi_0.5Mn_1.5O₄,在10 C倍率下具有108 mAh/g的高放电容并且在55 °C下100次循环后仍有78%的容量保持率,远大于未包覆样品67%的容量保持率.     

锂离子正极材料正交相γ-LiV2O5的制备及性能

分别采用LiOH·H₂O, NH₄VO₃, HNO₃, C₂H₅OH作为原料在没有PVP和有PVP存在下合成了棒状和棒束状两种相貌的γ-LiV₂O₅. 棒状γ-LiV₂O₅材料中棒的直径为500～800 nm,而棒束状的γ-LiV₂O₅材料则是直径为100～600 nm的棒组成的,形貌比较均匀. 同时研究了此体系中γ-LiV₂O₅的合成机制. 将合成的材料进行电化学测试,棒束状的γ-LiV₂O₅ 的电化学性能更好,在电流密度为30 mA/g时的初始放电比容量为269.3 mAh/g,循环20次之后容量仍保持在228 mAh/g.     

ZnFe2O4的固相法和水热法制备及其电化学性能研究

本文用固相反应法和水热法制备了ZnFe₂O₄材料,X射线衍射(X-ray diffraction, XRD)表明制备出来的ZnFe₂O₄为尖晶石结构,表面形貌测试 (scanning electron microscopy, SEM) 显示两种方法制备的材料的平均粒径分别为500 nm和200 nm.比表面积测试结果表明,两种方法制备的样品的比表面积分别为136.7 m² g^{-1关键词： 2O₄')" href="#">ZnFe₂O₄ 尖晶石结构 电化学性能 锂离子电池}     

锂离子电池正极材料Li2FeSiO4的电子结构与输运特性

采用基于密度泛函理论第一性原理方法, 研究了对称性为Pmn2₁的正交结构聚阴离子型硅酸盐Li₂FeSiO₄及其相关脱锂相LiFeSiO₄的电子结构, 并进一步采用玻尔兹曼理论对其输运性质进行计算. 电荷密度分析表明, 由于强Si–O共价键的存在使Li₂FeSiO₄晶体结构在嵌脱锂过程中始终保持稳定, 体积变化率只有2.7%. 能带结构与态密度计算结果表明, 费米能级附近的电子结构主要受Fe-d轨道中电子的影响, Li₂FeSiO₄ 的带隙宽度明显小于LiFeSiO₄, 说明前者的电子输运能力优于后者. 输运性质计算表明, 电导率在300–800 K时对温度的变化并不敏感, 同时也证明了Li₂FeSiO₄晶体的电导率大于LiFeSiO₄晶体, 与能带和态密度分析结论一致.     

熔融盐法合成锂离子电池正极材料纳米LiNiO2

采用熔融盐法,在较低的温度和较短的时间制备了符合理论化学计量比的纳米LiNiO₂.研究表明,经过空气中的低温预烧,可以使制备的纯相纳米LiNiO₂具有更加优良的结晶性能和更佳的电化学特性.添加预烧步骤前后所得最终产物的初始容量分别为151和148 mAh ·g^-1,经过100周的循环,容量衰减到55和118 mAh ·g^-1,容量保持率分别为36.4%和79.7%.原因在于预烧后再进行煅烧降低了阳离子无序度,减少了混杂 关键词： 2')" href="#">LiNiO₂ 熔融盐法 锂离子电池 电化学性能     

溶剂热制备锂电池负极材料CNT-ZnFe2O4及其电化学性能

为了改善锂离子电池负极材料ZnFe₂O₄导电性差和循环寿命低的缺点,利用溶剂热反应方法制备了ZnFe₂O₄,并通过复合碳纳米管对ZnFe₂O₄进行改性。充放电测试结果表明：经过50次充放电后,碳纳米管复合改性后的ZnFe₂O₄容量保持在860 mA·h·g^-1,具有较好的循环稳定性。碳纳米管具有良好的导电性与导热性,改善了ZnFe₂O₄导电性差的缺点。     

锂离子电池LiMn1-xFexPO4(0<x<1)正极材料的制备及性能研究

本文采用固相法制备了纯相LiMn_1-xFe_xPO₄/C (x=0.2,0.4,0.6)正极材料,并用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)进行表征,用高精度电池测试系统进行充放电和循环伏安测试.结果表明不同Mn和Fe原子比的电极材料具有很大的性能差异,其中当x=0.4时,材料具有优异的循环稳定性和较高的可逆容量.首次充电容量和放电容量分别达到141.5 mAh/g和125.7 mAh 关键词： 锂离子电池 固相法 1-xFe_xPO₄')" href="#">LiMn_1-xFe_xPO₄ 正极材料     

正交结构LiMnO2材料熔盐浸渍法合成及电化学性能

文中介绍了以LiOH·H2O和Mn2O3为原材料,在高温条件下用熔盐浸渍法合成纯相正交结构LiMnO2正极材料.首先将原材料混合均匀,然后将粉体在液态锡保护下于500-700℃下保温一定时间.通过对材料进行X射线粉末衍射和扫描电镜分析,结果表明,合成的材料为结晶较好的单相正交结构的LiMnO2材料.探讨了材料电化学行为和材料合成条件,得到了熔盐浸渍法合成机理和材料电化学机制.     

(Sb2Te3)0.75(1－x)(Bi2Te3)0.25(1－x)(Sb2Se3)x机械合金化粉体的制备及其冷压烧结样品的热电性能研究

采用机械合金化法制备了p型赝三元(Sb₂Te₃-Bi₂Te₃-Sb₂Se₃)合金粉体，对其进行XRD分析表明Te，Bi，Sb，Se单质粉末，经100h球磨后实现了合金化；SEM分析表明所得机械合金化粉体材料颗粒均匀、细小，颗粒尺寸在10nm到100nm量级.使用这种粉体制备了冷压烧结块体样品，在室温下测量了温差电动势率(α)和电导率(σ)，研究了烧结温度对材料热电性能的影响，结果表明在低于300℃的烧结温区，样品室温下的热电性能随烧结温度的升高不断提高，功率因子(α²σ)由未烧结样品的0.59μW cm^-1K^-2升高到在300℃下烧结样品的15.9μW cm^-1K^-2，这一结果对确定材料的最佳烧结温度具有重要意义. 关键词： 赝三元热电材料 机械合金化 冷压 烧结     

尖晶石LiMn2O4及其衍生物的电化学阻抗特性

尖晶石LiMn2O4(以下简称LMO)是锂离子电池正极材料之一，具有价格低廉，资源丰富的特点。锂离子电池的充放电过程实际上是锂离子从正极脱嵌、再嵌入正极的过程。因此Li^ 在正负极材料及电解液中的扩散性能影响着电池的电性能，通过其电化学阻抗谱可得出锂离子的扩散系数及电导率等参数。     

Preparation of LiNi0.5Mn0.5O2 cathode materials by urea hydrolysis coprecipitation

Layered LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ has been successfully synthesized via urea hydrolysis coprecipitation method. Well-crystallized LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ was obtained after calcinations of coprecipitation precursors and lithium salts at 450 °C for 3 h and following 900 °C for 10 h in air. Both the precursors and LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ powders show an agglomerated secondary structure with crystalline particles inside. The quasi-spherical morphology of the precursors was maintained during the calcinations. The first charge and discharge capacities of as-prepared LiNi_0.5Mn_0.5O₂ were 200 and 165mAh/g respectively. The discharge capacity of about 160mAh/g was retained after 10cycles for as-prepared samples.     

退火对高Co含量Ti1-xCoxO2磁性半导体的影响

利用磁控溅射仪制备了高Co含量的Ti_1-xCo_xO₂磁性半导体样品,并对样品分别在200℃,300℃和400℃进行退火研究.使用透射电子显微镜(TEM)对退火前后样品的结构进行表征,并用X射线光电子能谱(XPS)对退火前后样品中Co元素的化学状态进行鉴定.结果表明高Co含量的Ti_1-xCo_xO₂磁性半导体处于一种亚稳状态,300℃以上的温度便使其结构与成分发生巨大变化.利用超导量子干涉磁强计(SQUID)测量退火前后样品的磁特性,结果表明样品的磁性有了明显的变化,这源于磁性产生的不同机理. 关键词： 磁性半导体 退火 磁性     

A theoretical investigation of the special properties of SrFe1−xCoxO3

Using density-functional calculations, we investigate the special properties of SrFe_1−xCo_xO₃. The results show that the ground states have A-type antiferromagnetic order for x=0.1 and ferromagnetic order for x≥0.2 with Co ions distributed averagely. SrFe_1−xCo_xO₃ exhibits half-metallic nature for 0.2≤x≤0.7 and full-metallic nature for other values of x, and the half-metallic gap decreases with increasing x. The tunneling between the half-metallic ferromagnetic phases drives the large magnetoresistance. In addition, the Co cations are in the intermediate-spin state, while the Fe cations are in the intermediate-spin state for x≤0.5 and the high-spin state for x≥0.6.     

Effect of cobalt substitution on cationic distribution in LiNi1 − y CoyO2 electrode materials

A crystal chemistry study of LiNi_{1 − y}Co_yO₂ phases, used as positive electrode in lithium batteries, is presented. These materials crystallize in the rhombohedral system (space group: R m) with a layered structure. Rietveld profile refinement of the X-ray data shows that for low substitution amounts ( ≤ 0.20) extra-nickel ions are always present leading to the Li_{1 − z}Ni_{1 + z − t}CotO₂ (t = y(1 + z)) formula (z * > 0), while for y ≥ 0.30, a pure 2D structure is obtained (z = 0). The stabilization of the 2D character of the structure by cobalt substitution in lithium nickelate leads to the improvement of the electrochemical properties.     

Porous LiNi0.75Co0.25O2 microspheres prepared via a hydrothermal process as cathode material for lithium ion batteries

Porous LiNi_0.75Co_0.25O₂ microspheres are successfully prepared by a simple hydrothermal process by using H[Ni_0.75Co_0.25OOH]₃ and LiOH as starting materials in the presence of urea for the first time. The synthesized samples are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), specific surface area (S_BET), and electrochemical performance. The synthesized LiNi_0.75Co_0.25O₂ has a good electrochemical performance with an initial discharge capacity of 169.3 mA g⁻¹ and good capacity retention of 96.7% after 50 cycles at 0.2 C (25 mA g⁻¹). The electrochemical lithium ion insertion/extraction process is quite reversible even at 5 C. Furthermore, the structure in the charge-discharge process is stable and the impedance increased slowly during cycling.     

Direct micron-sized LiMn2O4 particle coating on LiCoO2 cathode material using surfactant

Micron-sized LiMn₂O₄ particles were easily coated on LiCoO₂ cathodes using an amphoteric gelatin surfactant at pH4–5. The coated LiCoO₂ material showed a significantly higher thermal stability during charging and capacity retention on cycling at 4.6 V, compared to the bare LiCoO₂.     

(Fe1-xCox)3BO5纳米棒磁性的研究

本文采用高温有机溶剂法制备了(Fe_1-xCo_x)₃BO₅纳米棒, 通过控制反应物中乙酰丙酮钴的含量合成了不同Co含量的(Fe_1-xCo_x)₃BO₅. 利用高分辨透射电子显微镜(HRTEM)、超导量子干涉磁强计(SQUID)对其形貌和磁性能进行了表征. 高分辨透射电子显微镜结果表明制备出的纳米(Fe_1-xCo_x)₃BO₅为多晶棒状, 且具有多折孪晶结构; 磁性测量的结果表明,(Fe_1-xCo_x)₃BO₅纳米棒在室温下表现出铁磁性, 随着Co含量的增加, 纳米棒的铁磁性逐渐增加, 该纳米棒有望用来研究生物大分子的机械性能.     

Electrochemical studies on mixtures of LiNi0.8Co0.17Al0.03O2 and LiCoO2 cathode materials for lithium ion batteries

Detailed electrochemical investigations have been carried out on LiNi_0.8Co_0.17Al_0.03O₂ as cathode materials for lithium ion batteries in the potential range of 2.8-4.3 V. This sample showed an initial discharge capacity of 186 mAh/g which corresponds to 67% of its theoretical capacity. The effect of addition of LiCoO₂ to LiNi_0.8Co_0.17Al_0.03O₂ in the ratio 10:90, 30:70, 50:50 has been studied. The results showed that the addition of LiCoO₂ has improved the working voltage of the cell. In addition, the percentage retention (95%) of the cell is significantly increased in the composition ratio 50:50.     

Structural, transport and electrochemical properties of LiNi1 − yCoyMn0.1O2 and Al, Mg and Cu-substituted LiNi0.65Co0.25Mn0.1O2 oxides

LiNi_{1 - y − z}Co_yMn_zO₂ (y = 0.25, 0.35, 0.5, 0.6; z = 0.1, 0.2), LiNi_0.63Cu_0.02Co_0.25Mn_0.1O₂, LiNi_0.65Co_0.25Mn_0.08Al_0.02O₂, LiNi_0.65Co_0.25Mn_0.08Mg_0.02O₂ and LiNi_0.65Co_0.25Mn_0.08Al_0.01Mg_0.01O₂ cathode materials were synthesized by a soft chemistry EDTA-based method. Structural and transport properties of pristine and delithiated materials (Li_xNi_0.65Co_0.25Mn_0.1O₂, Li_xNi_0.55Co_0.35Mn_0.1O₂ and LiNi_0.63Cu_0.02Co_0.25Mn_0.1O₂ oxides) are presented. In the considered group of oxides there is no correlation between electrical conductivity and the a parameter (M-M distance in the octahedra layers). The results of electrochemical performance of cathode materials are presented. The best stability during first 10 cycles was obtained for Li/Li_xNi_0.63Cu_0.02Co_0.25Mn_0.1O₂ cell due to enhanced kinetics of intercalation process.     

Effect of ultrasonic irradiation on structure and electrochemical properties of LiMn2O4 thin films cathode material for Li-ion micro-batteries

Two kinds of spinel LiMn₂O₄ thin film for lithium ion micro-batteries were successfully prepared on polycrystal Pt substrates by spin coating methods, which were carried out under ultrasonic irradiation (USG) and magnetic stirring (MSG), respectively. The microstructures and electrochemical performance of LiMn₂O₄ thin films were characterized by thermogravimetry analysis (TGA), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and galvanostatic charge-discharge measurements. It was found that the crystalline structure of USG samples grew better than that of the MSG samples. At the same time, higher discharge capacity and better cycle stability were obtained for the LiMn₂O₄ thin films of USG at the current density of 50 μAh/cm² between 3.0 and 4.3 V. The 1st discharge capacity was 57.8 μAh/cm²-μm for USG thin films and 51.7 μAh/cm²-μm for MSG thin films. After 50 cycles, 91.4% and 69% of discharge capacity could be retained respectively, indicating that ultrasonic irradiation condition during spin coating was more suitable for preparing spinel LiMn₂O₄ thin films with better electrode performance for lithium ion micro-batteries.