新型N-(3-醛基-4-羟基苄基)型季铵盐的合成及其抗菌活性

5-氯甲基水杨醛和季铵(1a~1e)或吡啶(1f)在乙酸乙酯存在下经取代反应合成了一系列新型的N-(3-醛基-4-羟基苄基)型季铵盐(2a~2f),其结构经1H NMR,IR和MS表征。初步的抗菌活性测试结果表明,2a~2f对迟钝爱德华菌、嗜水气单胞菌、哈氏弧菌和鳗弧菌的MIC分别为0.18 mg·mL-1,0.09 mg·mL-1,0.18mg·mL-1和0.09 mg·mL-1。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定一种口腔炎喷雾剂中绿原酸和咖啡酸的含量

取1mL口腔炎喷雾剂样品,用甲醇-水(1+1)溶液定量稀释至10mL,分取此溶液25μL供反相高效液相色谱法测定其绿原酸和咖啡酸含量。采用Shim-packVP-ODS色谱柱分离,以甲醇-0.012mol·L-1磷酸(27+73)混合溶液为流动相,柱温为30℃,流量为0.8mL·min-1,紫外检测器波长为323nm。结果表明:绿原酸在0.51～91.80mg·mL-1,咖啡酸在2.0～360.0mg·mL-1范围内呈线性关系,用标准加入法测定方法的回收率,结果依次在95.9%～97.4%和100.1%～100.9%范围内,检出限(3S/N)依次为0.10,0.40mg·mL-1,测定下限(10S/N)依次为0.36,1.40mg·mL-1。     

紫外分光光度法间接测定果冻中甜蜜素

提出了紫外分光光度法间接测定食品中甜蜜素的方法。考察了酸性介质的种类,亚硝酸钠与碘化钾浓度、用量及反应时间对测定的影响。在优化的试验条件下,甜蜜素在1.0～14.0mg·mL-1范围内遵守比耳定律,检出限(3S/N)为0.3mg·mL-1。用此方法测定果冻中甜蜜素含量,加标回收率为102.6%～103.3%,相对标准偏差(n=5)为0.7%～1.3%。     

新型季铵盐氟碳表面活性剂的合成及其表面活性

以六氟环氧丙烷多聚体为原料,与N-甲基哌嗪经酰胺化反应制得含氟化合物(3);3与碘代烷经季铵化反应合成了4个新型的季铵盐型氟碳表面活性剂(5a~5d),其结构经1H NMR,19F NMR,IR和HR-ESI-MS表征。表面性能测试结果表明,5a~5d具有较高的表面活性,水溶液的临界胶束浓度(CMC)分别为1.38×10-4g·mL-1,1×10-4g·mL-1,1.40×10-4g·mL-1和3.72×10-4g·mL-1,对应CMC的表面张力分别为19.47mN·m-1,17.20 mN·m-1,17.98 mN·m-1和19.79 mN·m-1。     

卟啉吡啶季铵盐分光光度法测定水中痕量铜

在pH1.0邻苯二甲酸氢钾-盐酸缓冲溶液中,新卟啉吡啶季铵盐显色剂——溴化5-[4-N-(对硝基)苄铵基吡啶基]-10,15,20-三(4-N-吡啶基)卟啉与铜(Ⅱ)形成1∶1配合物。在此显色反应中,新卟啉试剂具有显色和表面活性剂双重功能。此配合物的最大吸收波长为427.0nm,表观摩尔吸光率为1.78×105L.mol-1.cm-1,铜(Ⅱ)质量浓度在0.12mg·mL-1以内符合比耳定律。该方法应用于3个环境水样中铜(Ⅱ)的测定,测定值与已知值的平均相对误差均小于4%     

高效液相色谱-示差折光检测器法测定复配消毒液中3种双链季铵盐的含量

提出了高效液相色谱-示差折光检测器法测定复配消毒液中二癸基二甲基氯化铵、辛基癸基二甲基氯化铵、二辛基二甲基氯化铵等3种双链季铵盐含量的方法。复配消毒液样品经流动相稀释,以Welchrom C₁₈色谱柱为固定相,以体积比70:30的乙腈-0.01 mol·L^-1丁烷磺酸钠溶液的混合溶液(pH 3.5)为流动相进行洗脱,采用示差折光检测器测定3种双链季铵盐的含量。结果表明：3种双链季铵盐的质量浓度在50～1 000 mg·L^-1内与对应的峰面积呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为3.3～5.1 mg·L^-1;对实际样品进行3个浓度水平的加标回收试验,回收率为91.0%～105%,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=6)为1.3%～2.2%。采用独立样本t检验法比对本方法与高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测器法是否具有显著性差异,结果显示两组检测结果t值为1.85,P值为0.089,表明无显著性差异。     

季铵盐插层MXene复合材料的制备及其电容脱盐性能

以MXene(Ti3C2Tx)为前驱体,采用季铵盐(TTAB、CTAB、STAB)为插层剂,制备季铵盐插层MXene复合材料.研究表明,随着季铵盐烷基碳链原子数的增加,MXene的层间距逐渐增大,复合材料的电容脱盐性能随层间距的增加而逐步提高.NaCl溶液浓度为1000 mg·L-1,工作电压为1.2V时,MXene、...     

线性扫描极谱法测定盐酸二甲双胍

用线性扫描极谱法研究盐酸二甲双胍的电化学行为。在pH6.85的0.1mol·L-1磷酸氢二钠-磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液中,盐酸二甲双胍于-1.165V(vs.SCE)处产生一灵敏的吸附波,其一次微分线性扫描峰电流与盐酸二甲双胍质量浓度在0.41～41.0mg·mL-1范围内呈线性关系,检出限(3S/N)为0.28mg·mL-1。对41.0mg·mL-1盐酸二甲双胍溶液进行6次平行试验,相对标准偏差(n=6)为0.72%。此方法已用于测定其片剂中盐酸二甲双胍的含量。     

碱性过硫酸钾氧化法-紫外分光光度法测定养殖海水中总氮量

以国家标准GB/T 12763.4-2007中的碱性过硫酸钾氧化法和GB/T 11894-1989中淡水总氮测定的紫外分光光度法为基础对海水总氮测定方法进行了改进。在改进的方法中减少了物质转化步骤,相应减少了样品转移次数与定量移取步骤。该方法测定总氮量的线性范围在57.74mg·L-1(以KNO3计)以内。该方法的有机氮物质氧化率为(99.1±5.6)%,加标氧化率为(100.4±4.2)%,以海水样品为基体的加标回收率为(107.3±15.3)%。对海水样品及20,40μmol·L-1硝酸钾标准溶液的测得结果与已知值无显著差异。     

流动注射-氢化物发生-非色散原子荧光光谱法直接测定海水中的砷(Ⅲ)和砷(Ⅴ)的研究

用流动注射-氢化物发生-非色散原子荧光光谱法对海水中 As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的直接测定进行了研究.氢化物发生的最佳条件为:KBH4 溶液浓度为 5 g·L-1(含KOH 5g·L-1),流速 10.0 mL·min-1;样品酸度为1.3mol·L-1 HCl,流速4.2 mL·min-1.对基体 NaCl,MgCl2,CaCl2,Na2SO4以及微量共存金属离子(Cd,Zn,Pb,Cu)的干扰实验结果表明,基体和微量共存金属离子对 As(Ⅲ)的测定没有干扰.样品中As(Ⅴ)的测定用硫脲进行预还原,通过总量和As(Ⅲ)含量的差减得到As(Ⅴ)含量.在优化实验条件下测得方法的检出限(3σ)为0.08 ng·mL-1;7次测定的相对标准偏差为0.48%～1.30%(8.0 ng·mL-1标准溶液).标准曲线和标准加入法对海水样品测定的对照结果表明,两种方法测定结果吻合较好.该方法已应用于近岸海水和大洋海水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的直接测定.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.