共振瑞利散射法测定痕量银的研究

在聚乙烯醇存在的硫酸介质中,银与过量的I^-形成配阴离子,并进一步与罗丹明B反应形成离子缔合物[AgI2]^-时,共振瑞利散射（RRS）强度明显增强并与银离子含量成正比,其最大RRS波长位于331．5nm处。研究了体系的共振瑞利散射光谱特征、主要影响因素和反应的最佳条件。结果表明,银离子质量浓度在0．06-2．0μg／mL范围内与RRS增强程度呈良好的线性关系（r=0．9973）。方法检出限为0．05仙g／mL,RSD4．78％,样品加标回收率为98．0％-102．0％。该法具有较高的灵敏度,操作简便,用于环境水样中痕量银的测定,结果令人满意。     

阻抑速差催化光度法测定痕量色氨酸和酪氨酸

研究了色氨酸、酪氨酸在硫酸环境中抑制碘对亚砷酸与硫酸铈氧化还原反应的催化作用及动力学条件。在0．001mol／L Ce(SO4)2,0．00125mol／L As2O3,0．013mg／L KI,0．025g／L和0．25g／L NaCl溶液中测定色氨酸和酪氨酸,其线性范围分别为0．0～0．65mg／L,0．0～4．0mg／L和0．0～1．3mg／L。0．10～4．0mg／L,用联立方程分别求出各自含量。用此法对醇溶蛋白质和混合氨基酸溶液中色氨酸和酪氨酸进行测定,混合氨基酸的色氨酸、酪氨酸测量值为0．8037g／L,3．591g/L;蛋白质的色氨酸、酪氨酸测量值为1．8g/kg、3．43g/kg;回收率在88％～109％;色氨酸和酪氨酸的RSD分别为4．8％和5．2％,结果满意。     

环境水样中痕量肼的荧光分析

基于在硫酸介质中，肼与罗丹明6G反应，使其荧光增强，建立了一种荧光测定痕量肼的新方法。该方法线性范围2．0－14．0μg/L，检出限为0．62μg/L。可用于环境水样中肼含量的测定，并进行了回收实验，回收率为97％－107％。     

高碘酸钾氧化酚藏花红褪色催化动力学光度法测定食品中的痕量亚硝酸根

基于在硫酸介质中,亚硝酸根对高碘酸钾氧化酚藏花红褪色反应具有较强的催化作用,建立了测定痕量亚硝酸根的催化动力学光度法。线性范围为0．12～1．22mg/L,相关系数为0．9990,检出限为0．016mg／L。用于食品中痕量亚硝酸根的测定,测定结果的相对标准偏差为2、6％～4．2％,回收率为97％．103％。     

流动注射化学发光法测定异烟肼

基于在氢氧化钠碱性介质中高锰酸钾氧化异烟肼的化学发光现象,提出高锰酸钾．异烟肼．氢氧化钠化学发光新体系,结合流动注射分析技术进行了异烟肼的测定。本法选择性好、灵敏度高。异烟肼在0．01～5．0mg/L浓度范围内与化学发光分析信号呈线性关系;检出限为7．0μg／L;对0．5mg/L的异烟肼进行11次连续测定,相对标准偏差为2．5％。方法已成功地应用于片剂中异烟肼的测定。     

流动注射在线三正辛胺萃淋树脂分离富集火焰原子吸收法测定银

使用填充三正辛胺（TOA）萃淋树脂的微型柱，采用流动注射在线分离富集与火焰子吸收法联用技术，对微量银的测定进行了研究。在1．0mol/L HCl介质中样品流速为8．1mL/min，采样60s，以0．25mol/L HCl-0.5mol/L硫脲洗脱。在30样／h的分析速度下，富集倍率为26倍，富集效率为26／min，消耗指数为0．31mL。线性范围为0－1000μg/L，检出限为1．2μg/L。银含量为50μg／L时，连续11次测定的相对标准偏差为1．4％。对铅锌冶炼矿渣样液进行加标回收率试验，回收率为91．1％－100．6％，并应用于测定光谱纯氧化镁中的微量银。     

2,6-二甲酚分光光度法测定废水中的总氮

废水中的无机态氮和有机态氮被过硫酸钾氧化消解后转变为硝酸盐，在硫酸和磷酸混合酸介质中，硝酸盐与2，6—二甲酚反应生成4—硝基—2，6—二甲酚而显色。废水中的总氮在2～8mg/L范围内与337nm波长处的吸光度成正比，回归方程为A=0．1672X—0．0077，相关系数r=0．9996，回收率为96．5％～105．7％。氯离子浓度高于1．5g/L时有干扰，其它常见的阴、阳离子无干扰。     

测定尿中痕量碘的高锰酸钾-亚砷酸体系催化光度法

在硫酸和磷酸的介质中,碘离子催化高猛酸钾与亚砷酸反应生成的锰（Ⅲ）氧化砷酸的反应,据此建立了催化光度法测定痕量碘的新方法。该法的检出限为0．4μg/L,测定的线性范围为1．0－25．0μg/L。应用该法测定了尿样中痕量碘的含量,获得了满意的结果,测定样品的相对标准偏差（n＝6）为2．5％－3．7％,加标回收率为96．4％－102．6％。     

三正辛胺萃淋树脂的合成及对银分离富集的研究

报道了Levextrel型三正辛胺（TOA）萃淋树脂的合成方法及对银分离富集的研究，用新合成的萃淋树脂，铅锌冶炼矿渣中的银在1mol/L的盐酸介质中定量吸附后可用0．25mol/L NH4Cl-0.5mol/L硫脲洗脱，以火焰原子吸收光谱法测定，其回收率为99．4％－104．3％。此树脂对浓度低至0．5μg/mL的银亦可富集和定量回收，并有较长的使用寿命。     

偶氮氯膦-mA-锇-高碘酸钾催化光度法测定微量锇

在碱性介质中,锇（Ⅳ）对KIO4氧化偶氮氯膦－mA的褪色反应有明显的催化作用,据此建立了催化光度法测定微量锇（Ⅳ）的新方法,并用正交实验设计对反应条件进行了优化。方法的检测限为2．0μg/L。锇（Ⅳ）含量在7．0－25．0μg/L范围内服从比尔定律。此方法已用于贵金属精矿和二次合金中微量锇的测定,相对误差均为0．9％,回收率在95．38％－106．0％之间。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.