H_2O_2处理H_3PW_6Mo_6O_(40)/ZrO_2-SiO_2光催化降解甲基橙

采用浸渍法制备了H_3PW_6Mo_6O_(40)/ZrO_2-SiO_2催化剂,用H_2O_2进行敏化处理,并通过FT-IR、XRD对其进行了表征。探讨了该催化剂对甲基橙溶液的催化降解活性,较系统地研究了溶液的初始浓度、溶液的pH、催化剂用量对光催化降解甲基橙的影响。研究发现:H_3PW_6Mo_6O_(40)/ZrO_2-SiO_2对甲基橙有良好的降解效果。在甲基橙溶液初始浓度为10mg·L~(-1),溶液pH为2.5,催化剂用量为溶液总质量0.5%的条件下光照2.5h,甲基橙的降解率达到91.1%。H_3PW_6Mo_6O_(40)/ZrO_2-SiO_2催化剂光催化降解甲基橙溶液为一级动力学反应。     

SOD-PVP/Au电极的电化学行为及对H_2O_2的电催化

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K30为电催化剂,羧甲基纤维素为膜固定剂,将超氧化物歧化酶固定在电极上,制备了SOD-PVP/Au修饰电极.采用循环伏安法研究了该修饰电极的电化学行为,在pH7.0 PBS缓冲溶液中于0.305V和0.111V处出现一对明显的氧化还原峰,电极反应是一个受扩散控制的准可逆过程,扩散系数4.71×10~(-7)cm~2/s、异相电子迁移常数5.37×10~(-6)cm/s.修饰电极能够催化H_2O_2的电还原,还原峰电流与H_2O_2浓度在2.0×10~(-6)～2.0×10~(-4)mol/L范围呈线性关系,相关系数R=-0.99042,可用于H_2O_2的电催化检测.     

[Mn(salen)]2促进Fenton反应降解苯酚废水的催化特性与机理

研究了席夫碱锰配合物{[Mn(Ⅲ)(salen)(H_2O)]_2(ClO_4)_2,简写为[Mn(salen)]_2,salen=N,N'-二(亚水杨基)-1,2-乙二胺}对Fenton反应降解苯酚的催化作用。通过紫外分析、液相色谱、双倒数作图等方法对反应特性、反应机理进行分析。实验结果表明,[Mn(salen)]_2配合物加入Fenton体系后,可提高Fenton反应降解苯酚的效率。在不同pH体系和过量H_2O_2中,均保持一定降解能力。配合物中锰离子可转变成高价态锰中间体,加速有机物氧化,提高降解效率。加入配合物后,[Mn(salen)]_2-Fenton体系催化反应活化能下降了35.9%。重复利用7次后,[Mn(salen)]_2依然保持60%的催化活性。     

压裂液用黏弹性表面活性剂的合成及性能

以长链溴代烷烃和叔胺合成了十四烷基二甲基羟丙基溴化铵(C_(14)-2-1-1)、十六烷基二甲基羟丙基溴化铵(C_(16)-2-1-1)、十八烷基二甲基羟丙基溴化铵(C_(18)-2-1-1)阳离子表面活性剂。测定这3种阳离子表面活性剂的临界胶束浓度(cmc)值和表面张力,结合产率高低,选取C_(18)-2-1-1作为压裂液用黏弹性表面活性剂。黏弹性胶束溶液的助剂水杨酸钠(NaSal)与C_(18)-2-1-1配制成黏弹性表面活性剂(VES)压裂液,得出VES压裂液的最佳配方为2.5%(质量分数)C_(18)-2-1-1+1.0%(质量分数)NaSal, VES压裂液黏度最高可达489 mPa·s。性能研究表明:VES压裂液黏弹性良好,流性指数n′为0.23062,稠度系数K为19.49;在170 s~(-1)剪切速率下耐温耐剪切性能良好,90.0℃时,VES压裂液黏度40 mPa·s,持续剪切1 h后体系黏度仍能保持在30 mPa·s; 380～830μm陶粒在VES压裂液中自由沉降速度为0.0516 cm/min,能够有效携带支撑剂;遇煤油后自动破胶,破胶后残渣含量低,对岩心基质渗透率的损害率仅为4.19%,在开采油气资源领域有一定的价值。     

trans-[(en)~2(NO~2)Co(O~2CC~5H~5N)]^2^+/Fe(Ⅱ)间电子转移反应动力学及机理研究

合成了新型Co(Ⅲ)配合物trans-[(en)_2(NO_2)Co(O_2CC_5H_5N)](ClO_4)_2,并通过紫外可见光谱、红外光谱、元素分析和X射线单晶衍射分析进行了表征.同时分别以[Fe(CN)_6]~(4-)和[Fe(CN)_5(H_2O)]~(3-)作为还原剂,考察了该配合物被还原的反应动力学行为.结果表明两反应体系分别按外配位界机理和内配位界机理进行电子传递.在25℃,I=0.5mol·L~(-1),trans-[(en)_2(NO_2)Co(O_2CC_5H_5N)]~(2 )/[Fe(CN)_6]~(4-)反应体系的前驱配合物离子对形成常数Q_(ip)=29mol~(-1)·L,电子转移速率常数k_(et)=2.4×10~(-4)s~(-1),电子转移过程的活化焓△H_(et)~≠和活化熵△S_(et)~≠分别为1.2×10~2KJ·mol~(-1)和5.0×10~2J·mol~(-1)·K~(-1)在40℃,pH=8.0,I=0.1mol·L~(-1),trans-[(en)_2(NO_2)Co(O_2CC_5H_4N)]~(2 )/[Fe(CN)_5(H_2O)]~(3-)反应体系前驱双核配合物分子内电子转移速率常数为7.0×10~(-5)s~(-1).最后讨论了分子轨道对称性,两金属中心氧化还原电势差等因素对电子转移速率的影响.     

H_2O_2强化g-C_3N_4可见光电催化降解亚甲基蓝的研究

通过高温液相生长法在氧化铟锡玻璃上构筑了g-C_3N_4薄膜电极,该电极作为阳极在H_2O_2辅助作用下光电催化降解亚甲基蓝.研究结果表明,g-C_3N_4与H_2O_2在可见光下存在协同作用;在外加电压1.5 V,50 mmol L-1H_2O_2条件下,亚甲基蓝的降解率在2 h内由35.92%提高至53.43%.系统研究了H_2O_2浓度、外加电压、初始p H对亚甲基蓝降解的影响.采用电子顺磁共振自旋捕捉技术和自由基猝灭实验等方法证实了·O2-和·OH为光电催化过程中的主要氧化物种,提出了可能的催化反应机理,在外加H_2O_2条件下,g-C_3N_4受可见光激发生成的光生电子被O2或H_2O_2捕获,最终生成·OH,从而将有机染料降解.g-C_3N_4薄膜电极表现出较高的稳定性.     

芬顿试剂对田菁胶的氧化降解

考察了芬顿试剂对田菁胶的氧化降解行为. 系统研究了H_2O_2和Fe~(2+)用量、温度和降解时间对田菁胶粘度的影响. 结果表明,H_2O_2和Fe~(2+)合适的体积比为2:1. 在较低的温度(25 ℃)和较短的时间(20 min)内芬顿试剂就能使田菁胶粘度下降90%以上. 另外,pH值的变化对其降解性能影响不大,显示了较好的降解效果.     

Cu,Zn-SOD酶模型配合物催化O2-歧化作用的研究

为了解Cu,Zn-SOD酶中Cu周围环境对催化O_2~-歧化作用活性的影响,本文用NBT法测定了Cu,Zn-SOD酶及一系列咪唑桥异核模型配合物催化O_2~-歧化作用的活性,并用ESR方法鉴测了其中一个配合物与O_2~-作用的中间过程。结果表明,具有平面四方构型或轴向有弱配位H_2O或ClO_4~-基团的四方锥构型的Cu~(2+)配合物具有较高活性,说明配合物催化歧化O_2~-过程中,Cu~(2+)可能首先以轴向与O_2~-配位,形成Cu~(2+)-O_2~-中间化合物,紧接着Cu~(2+)被还原成Cu~+。     

聚苯乙烯微球固载2,6-双(2-苯并咪唑)吡啶的Fe(Ⅲ)配合物催化氧化活性研究

2,6-双(2-苯并咪唑)吡啶(bbp)在氯甲基化交联聚苯乙烯(CPS)微球上进行烷基化反应制得CPS-bbp,然后与FeCl_3·6H_2O进行配合得到配合物CPS-Fe(Ⅲ)-bbp.以该配合物为催化剂分别使用过氧化氢(H_2O_2)和叔丁基过氧化氢(TBHP)作氧化剂对苯乙烯、α-甲基苯乙烯和环己烯进行了催化氧化反应研究.过氧化氢氧化能力强,15 min内反应基本完成,α-甲基苯乙烯和苯乙烯的氧化产物苯乙酮和苯甲醛选择性分别高达98.49%和95.87%;TBHP的氧化缓慢而平稳,24 h后反应基本完成,对α-甲基苯乙烯和环己烯的氧化选择性较好,分别达到97.44%,和94.82%.     

基于季戊四胺席夫碱的Ni(Ⅱ)和Cu(Ⅱ)配合物的合成、结构及其抑菌活性

以4-甲氧基水杨醛和季戊四胺进行缩合反应得到席夫碱化合物H_4L,然后将配体H_4L分别与Ni(Cl O_4)_2·6H_2O、Cu(Cl O_4)_2在乙醇溶液中进行配位反应,得到2个席夫碱配合物[Ni_2(L)]·DMF(1)和[Cu_4(L)_2(DMSO)_3]·2DMSO(2)。并用元素分析、FT-IR和X射线单晶衍射进行了表征。配合物1和2都属于三斜晶系,P1空间群,配合物1和2都为双核配合物。初步研究了配体和配合物的体外抑菌活性,结果表明,配体及其配合物1和2对金黄色葡萄球菌具有一定的抑菌活性。     

Sc2MgGa2 and Y2MgGa2

Scandium magnesium gallide, Sc₂MgGa₂, and yttrium magnesium gallide, Y₂MgGa₂, were synthesized from the corresponding elements by heating under an argon atmosphere in an induction furnace. These intermetallic compounds crystallize in the tetragonal Mo₂FeB₂‐type structure. All three crystallographically unique atoms occupy special positions and the site symmetries of (Sc/Y, Ga) and Mg are m2m and 4/m, respectively. The coordinations around Sc/Y, Mg and Ga are pentagonal (Sc/Y), tetragonal (Mg) and triangular (Ga) prisms, with four (Mg) or three (Ga) additional capping atoms leading to the coordination numbers [10], [8+4] and [6+3], respectively. The crystal structure of Sc₂MgGa₂ was determined from single‐crystal diffraction intensities and the isostructural Y₂MgGa₂ was identified from powder diffraction data.     

Electrochemical study of (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2 and (NEt4)2Cl2FeS2MoS2FeCl2

Summary The ability of [MoS₄]^2–, anions to be used as ligands for transition metal ions has been widely demonstrated, especially with Fe²⁺. The present study has been restricted to linear complexes such as (NEt₄)₂ [Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂] and (NEt₄)₂[Cl₂FeS₂MoS₂FeCl₂]. Their electrochemical properties are described: upon electrochemical reduction, these compounds yield MoS₂, as a black precipitate, and an iron complex in solution, assumed to be [SFeCl₂]^2–. The electrochemical reduction goes through two electron transfers, coupled with the breakdown of the molecular skeleton: a DISPl and an ECE mechanism. Depending on the solvent, the following equilibrium may be observed: [Cl₄Fe₂MoS₄]^2–[Cl₂FeMoS₄]^2–+FeCl₂. The equilibrium constant, K_D, was evaluated by differential pulse polarography. K_D is tightly related to the donor number of the solvent.     

The alkali hypophosphites KH2PO2, RbH2PO2 and CsH2PO2

The structures of the hypophosphites KH₂PO₂ (potassium hypophosphite), RbH₂PO₂ (rubidium hypophosphite) and CsH₂PO₂ (caesium hypophosphite) have been determined by single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction. The structures consist of layers of alkali cations and hypophosphite anions, with the latter bridging four cations within the same layer. The Rb and Cs hypophosphites are isomorphous.     

Zur Kenntnis der Dialkalimetalldichalkogenide β-Na2S2, K2S2, α-Rb2S2, β-Rb2S2, K2Se2, Rb2Se2, α-K2Te2, β-K2Te2 und Rb2Te2

On Dialkali Metal Dichalcogenides β-Na₂S₂, K₂S₂, α-Rb₂S₂, β-Rb₂S₂, K₂Se₂, Rb₂Se₂, α-K₂Te₂, β-K₂Te₂ and Rb₂Te₂ The first presentation of pure samples of α- and β-Rb₂S₂, α- and β-K₂Te₂, and Rb₂Te₂ is described. Using single crystals of K₂S₂ and K₂Se₂, received by ammonothermal synthesis, the structure of the Na₂O₂ type and by using single crystals of β-Na₂S₂ and β-K₂Te₂ the Li₂O₂ type structure will be refined. By combined investigations with temperature-dependent Guinier-, neutron diffraction-, thermal analysis, and Raman-spectroscopy the nature of the monotropic phase transition from the Na₂O₂ type to the Li₂O₂ type will be explained by means of the examples α-/β-Na₂S₂ and α-/β-K₂Te₂. A further case of dimorphic condition as well as the monotropic phase transition of α- and β-Rb₂S₂ is presented. The existing areas of the structure fields of the dialkali metal dichalcogenides are limited by the model of the polar covalence.     

Formal [(2+2)+2] and [(2+2)+(2+2)] nonconjugated dienediyne cascade cycloadditions

[reaction: see text] Fluoranthene 2 and heptacycle 3 are easily accessible from the reaction of diyne 1 and norbornadiene (NBD) in the presence of the rhodium catalyst. The unusual [(2+2)+(2+2)] adduct 3 was confirmed by the X-ray crystal structure analysis.     

Crystal Structures of [Bu2Sn(O2PPh2)2], [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2], and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2. Raman Spectra of [Ph2Sn(O2PPh2)2] and [PhClSn(O2PPh2)OMe]2

[(n‐Bu)₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 1 ), and [Ph₂Sn(O₂PPh₂)₂] ( 2 ) have been synthesized by the reactions of R₂SnCl₂ (R=n‐Bu, Ph) with HO₂PPh₂ in Methanol. From the reaction of Ph₂SnCl₂ with diphenylphosphinic acid a third product [PhClSn(O₂PPh₂)OMe]₂ ( 3 ) could be isolated. X‐ray diffraction studies show 1 to crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 1303.7(1) pm, b = 2286.9(2) pm, c = 1063.1(1) pm, β = 94.383(6)°, and Z = 4. 2 crystallizes triclinic in the space group , the cell parameters being a = 1293.2(2) pm, b = 1478.5(4) pm, c = 1507.2(3) pm, α = 98.86(3)°, β = 109.63(2)°, γ = 114.88(2)°, and Z = 2. Both compounds form arrays of eight‐membered rings (SnOPO)₂ linked at the tin atoms to form chains of infinite length. The dimer 3 consists of a like ring, in which the tin atoms are bridged by methoxo groups. It crystallizes triclinic in space group with a = 946.4(1) pm, b = 963.7(1) pm, c = 1174.2(1) pm, α = 82.495(6)°, β = 66.451(6)°, γ = 74.922(6)°, and Z = 1 for the dimer. The Raman spectra of 2 and 3 are given and discussed.     

Die Photoionenspektren von SCl2, S2Cl2 und S2Br2

Photoionization Mass Spectra of SCl₂, S₂Cl₂, and S₂Br₂ Photoionization mass spectra of SCl₂, S₂Cl₂, and S₂Br₂ have been measured. Heats of formation, bond energies, and ionization potentials of fragments have been calculated from appearance potentials.