Solid–Gas Hydrogenation of Hex-3-yne and 1,4-Cyclohexadiene in the Presence of Ru3(CO)9(μ-H)(μ-PPh2), Ru3(CO)10(μ-H)(μ-PPh2), Ru3(CO)7(μ-PPh2)2(C6H4), and Ru4(CO)11(μ4-PPh)(C6H4) Deposited on Pyrex Glass, Silica, and Alumina

The title complexes were tested in the hydrogenation of hex-3-yne and of 1,3- and 1,4-cyclohexadiene (CHD) under solid–gas conditions. The clusters were deposited on three “standard” supports, that is, pyrex glass, alumina, and silica. All the clusters, particularly (μ-H)Ru₃(CO)₁₀(PPh₂), show hydrogenation activity. However, they are not particularly selective toward the formation of monoenes; “disproportionation” of 1,3- and 1,4-CHD to hydrogenated products and benzene also occurs. The hydrogenation activity of the clusters is dependent on their nature, the type of substrate, and the characteristics of the supporting material; silica and pyrex glass are usually more active than alumina. Attempts at detecting the formation of organometallic intermediates or by-products (through IR spectroscopy) were made. HRTEM was used to check for eventual decomposition on some supports.     

Synthesis of 62-electron square planar clusters with group 15 and 16 main group atoms: Structural characterization of Ru4(CO)11(μ4-PPh)(μ4-S) and Ru4(CO)10(μ4-PPh)(μ4-Se)(PEt3): Bonding preferences in cappingNido Ru4(CO)13(μ3-PPh)

Thecloso octahedral cluster Ru₄(CO)₁₁(μ₄-PPh)(μ₄-S)1 and selenium and tellurium analogues, the first examples of unsaturated ruthenium clusters with a planar metal core and different main group 15 and 16 atoms have been synthesized fromnido Ru₄(CO)₁₃(μ₃-PPh). An X-ray analysis of1 and Ru₄(CO)₁₀(μ₄-PPh)(μ₄-Se)(PEt₃)2a has confirmed thetrans disposition of phosphorus and group 16 main group fragments.     

Synthesis and characterisation of hexanuclear ruthenium clusters containing a μ4-nitrene ligand. Crystal structures of [Ru6(CO)15(μ-CO)2(μ4NH)(μ-OMe)μ3-η2-N(H)C(O)OMe] and [Ru6(CO)16(μ-CO)2(μ4-NH)(μ-OMe)(μ-NCO)]

Two hexaruthenium carbonyl clusters [Ru₆(CO)₁₅(μ-CO)₂(μ₄-NH) (μ-OMe){μ₃-η²-N(H)C(O)OMe}] and [Ru₆(CO)₁₆(μ-CO)₂-(μ₄-NH)(μ-OMe)(μ-NCO)]2 have been isolated from the pyrolysis of H₂Ru₃(CO))₉NOCH₃, and single-crystal X-ray structure analysis shows that both 1 and 2 have a square planar arrangement of four ruthenium atoms capped by a μ₄-nitrene ligand, with two additional ruthenium atoms bridging two opposite RuRu edges of the square base to form a ‘boat’ form metal framework.     

Co-ordinatively unsaturated metal cluster compounds: Facile reactivity of the phosphinidene-capped phosphido-bridged triruthenium cluster [Ru3(μ3-PPh)(μ2-PPh2)2(CO)7]

The purple, phosphinidene-capped, phosphido-bridged triruthenium cluster [Ru₃(μ₃-PPh)(μ₂-PPh₂)₂(CO)₇] reacts readily with carbon monoxide, trimethylphosphite, sodium borohydride and diphenylacetylene under mild conditions to afford product mixtures from which [Ru₃(μ-PPh)(μ₂-PPh₂)₂(CO)_7+n] (n = 1, 2 or 3), [Ru₃(μ₃-PPh)(μ₂-PPh₂)₂(CO)₆{P(OMe)₃}], [Ru₃(μ₃-η³-PhPCPhCPh)(μ₂-PPh₂)₂(CO)₆], respectively, can be isolated. The structure of [Ru₃(μ₃-PPh)(μ₂-PPh₂)₂(CO)₆{P(OMe)₃}] has been established X-ray crystallographically.     

Addition of HCl to a Cluster-Bound Vinylidene Ligand: Preparation and Structure of Ru5(μ3-SMe)(μ3-CMe)(μ-Cl)(μ-SMe)(μ-PPh2)2(CO)9·PhMe

Addition of aqueous HCl to Ru₅( ₃-C=CH₂)(-SMe)₂(-PPh₂)₂(CO)₁₀ afforded the structurally characterized carbyne complex Ru₅( ₃-SMe)( ₃-CMe)(-Cl)(-SMe)(-PPh₂)₂(CO)₉, formed by addition of H to the vinylidene ligand; a Cl atom bridges an Ru–Ru bond.     

Synthesis of Platinum-Triruthenium Clusters Using the Zero-Valent Platinum Reagent Pt(nb)3: X-Ray Crystal Structures of Ru3Pt(CO)11(P-iPr3)2, Ru3Pt(μ-H)(μ3-η3-MeCCHCMe)(CO)9(P-iPr3), Ru3Pt(μ3-η2-PhCCPh)(CO)10(P-iPr3), Ru3Pt(μ-H)(μ4-N)(CO)10(P-iPr3) and Ru3Pt(μ-H)(μ4-η2-NO)(CO)10(P-iPr3)

The complexes Pt(nb)_3-n(P-iPr₃)_n (n=1, 2, nb=bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene), prepared in situ from Pt(nb)₃, are useful reagents for addition of Pt(P-iPr₃)_n fragments to saturated triruthenium clusters. The complexes Ru₃Pt(CO)₁₁(P-iPr₃)₂ (1), Ru₃Pt(-H)(₃-³-MeCCHCMe)(CO)₉(P-iPr₃) (2), Ru₃Pt(₃-²-PhCCPh)(CO)₁₀(P-iPr₃) (3), Ru₃Pt(-H)(₄-N)(CO)₁₀(P-iPr₃) (4) and Ru₃Pt(-H)(₄-²-NO)(CO)₁₀(P-iPr₃) (5) have been prepared in this fashion. All complexes have been characterized spectroscopically and by single crystal X-ray determinations. Clusters 1–3 all have 60 cluster valence electrons (CVE) but exhibit differing metal skeletal geometries. Cluster 1 exhibits a planar-rhomboidal metal skeleton with 5 metal–metal bonds and with minor disorder in the metal atoms. Cluster 2 has a distorted tetrahedral metal arrangement, while cluster 3 has a butterfly framework (butterfly angle=118.93(2)°). Clusters 4 and 5 posseses 62 CVE and spiked triangular metal frameworks. Cluster 4 contains a ₄-nitrido ligand, while cluster 5 has a highly unusual ₄-²-nitrosyl ligand with a very long nitrosyl N–O distance of 1.366(5) Å.     

Synthesis and characterisation of novel selenium-containing clusters; crystal structures of [Ru4(μ4-Se)2(CO)8(μ-CO)3] and [Ru3(μ3-Se)2(CO)7(Ph2P(CH2)3PPh2)]

The compound [Ru₄(μ-Se)₂(CO)₈(μ3-CO)₃] (1), has been obtained in good yield by vacuum pyrolysis of [RU₃(CO)₁₂] with [Ph₂Se₂] at 185°C. Reaction of 1 with 1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane at room temperature affords the novel cluster [RU₃(μ₃-Se)₂(CO)₇(Ph₂P(CH₂)₃PPh₂)] (2). The structures of 1 and 2 have been determined by an X-ray diffraction study.     

Synthesis and structural characterization of the first transition metal cluster containing a PPh2AuPPh3 ligand,Ir4(CO)8(μ-CO)3(PPh2AuPPh3), and its conversion into Ir4(CO)9(μ-CO)(μ-PPh2)(μ-AuPPh3)

Deprotonation of Ir₄(CO)₁₁PPh₂H (1) in the presence of [AuPPh₃][PF₆] yields the novel species Ir₄(CO)₁₁(PPh₂AuPPh₃) (2), which possesses a tetrahedral framework bearing a terminally bound PPh₂AuPPh₃ ligand. When heated in toluene, 2 is converted into the phosphido species Ir₄(CO)₁₀(μ-PPh₂)(μ-AuPPh₃).     

New electron-deficient alkene and alkyne derivatives of Ru5(μ5-C)(CO)15: The syntheses and crystal structure analyses of Ru5(μ5-C)(CO)13 [C2H2(CO2Me)2] and Ru5(μ5-C)(CO)15 [C2(CO2Me)2]

Treatment of carbido cluster Ru₅(μ ₅-C)(CO)₁₅ with Me₃NO in acetonitrile solution followed by addition of dimethyl maleate or dimethyl acetylene dicarboxylate affords new clusters Ru₅(μ ₅-C)(CO)₁₃[C₂H₂(CO₂Me)₂] (1) and Ru₅(μ ₅-C)(CO)₁₅[C₂(CO₂Me)₂] (2), respectively. Single crystal X-ray structural studies reveal that both complexes contain a wingtip-bridged butterfly pentametallic skeleton. In complex1 the maleate fragment is coordinated to one wingtip Ru atom through its carbon-carbon double bond and to the adjacent Ru atom by the formation of two O → Ru dative bonding interactions, while the acetylene dicarboxylate fragment in2 is best considered as acis-dimetallated alkene, linking one hinge Ru atom and the nearby Ru atom at the bridged position. Crystal data for1: space group P 4₂/n;a=20.199(6),c=13.941(3) Å,Z=8; finalR _F=0.025,R _w=0.026 for 3963 reflections withI>2σ(I). Crystal data for2: space group P2₁/n;a=9.634(3),b=20.062(6),c=17.372(5) Å,β=90.62(2)°,Z=4; finalR _F=0 033,R _w=0.036 for 4683 reflections withI>3σ(I).     

Easy Access to Phosphido-Selenido Clusters. Reaction of [Ru3(CO)12] with Ph2(pyth)PSe {pyth=5-(2-Pyridyl)-2-Thienyl} and Crystal Structure of [Ru3(μ3-Se)(μ-PPh2)(μ-pyth)(CO)6{P(pyth)Ph2}]

The reaction of [Ru₃(CO)₁₂] with Ph₂(pyth)PSe (pyth=5-(2-pyridyl)-2-thienyl) allows to obtain two novel clusters [Ru₃(₃-Se)₂(CO)₇{P(pyth)Ph₂}₂] 1 and [Ru₃(₃-Se)(-PPh₂)(-pyth)(CO)₆{P(pyth)Ph₂}] 2 in satisfactory yields. The first one exhibits the well-known bicapped, open triangular, 50-electron nido-core, whereas 2, whose crystal structure has been determined, shows the rather rare Ru₃Se tetrahedron with the Ph₂P and pyth fragments as side-bridging ligands. Morever cluster 2 belongs to the exiguous family of selenido-phosphido clusters not easily achievable by other routes.     

The preparation and structure of the tetranuclear ruthenium cluster [Ru4(CO)10(μ2-Cl)2(μ3-OEt)2]

The tetranuclear ruthenium cluster [Ru₄(CO)₁₀Cl₂(OEt)₂] has been prepared in low yield by the reaction of [Ru₃(CO)₁₂] with [N(PPh₃)₂]Cl in refluxing EtOH, followed by oxidation with either [NO][BF₄] or Ag[ClO₄]. A single-crystal X-ray analysis of the complex shows that the four metal atoms adopt a planar geometry with one ruthenium bonded by two μ₂-Cl ligands and two μ₃-OEt ligands to a trinuclear fragment. This complex crystallises in the monoclinic space group I2/c, with a 14.458(3), b 22.073(6), c 15.302(4) Å, β 99.54(2)°, Z = 8; 3113 observed data with F > 3σ(F) were refined by blocked full-matrix least squares to R = 0.031, R_w = 0.034.     

A New Preparation of Mo2(CO)8(μ-PPh2)2 and W2(CO)8(μ-PPh2)2 by a Phosphorus-Carbon Bond Cleavage Reaction. Crystal Structure of a New Polymorph of Mo2(CO)8(μ-PPh2)2

A new synthesis of Mo₂(CO)₈(-PPh₂)₂ and W₂(CO)₈(-PPh₂)₂ by the reaction of molybdenum and tungsten hexacarbonyls with a tetraazamacrocyclic ligand containing —CH₂PPh₂ side chains, comprising cleavage of the phosphorus-methylene bond has been performed. The complexes have been investigated by magnetic and spectroscopic measurements and by single-crystal structure analyses. The structural characterization of a new polymorph of Mo₂(CO)₈(-PPh₂)₂ has been described.     

Cleavage of 1,4-diphenylbuta-1,3-diyne on a ruthenium-cobalt cluster: Synthesis and molecular structure of Co2Ru3(μ4−C2Ph)(μ3−C2Ph)(μ-dppm)(μ-CO)2(CO)9

The reaction between Ru₃(₃-²-PhC₂C=CPh)(-dppm)(CO)₈ and Co₂(CO)₈ afforded dark red Co₂Ru₃(₄-C₂Ph)(₃-C₂Ph)(-dppm)(-CO)₂(CO)₉, shown by an X-ray structure determination to contain a strongly twisted Co₂Ru₃ bow-tie cluster (central Co), to which two PhC₂ units derived from cleavage of the original diyne are attached. One a these is strongly interacting with four metal atoms, the other being attached in the familiar ¹,2²-mode. The dppm ligand remains bridging two of the Ru atoms.     

Rh2(CO)4(μ-Cl)2和Rh4(μ-CO)3(CO)4的简正振动分析

金属簇合物具有独特的结构和成键方式。本文对铑簇合物的简正振动分析进行了研究。通过红外光谱用石蜡油糊涂KBr和聚乙烯窗口, 在Nicolet 200SXV FT-IR光谱上测定了Rh2(CO)4(μ-Cl)2的构型, 并使用分子振动全分析程序MVTA(Basic语言), 在PC机上进行计算。     

Nickel-Ruthenium Mixed-Metal Carbonyl Clusters Syntheses and Solid State Structures of the Two Tetrahedral Clusters [PPh4][NiRu3(μ3 H)(CO)9(μ-CO)3] and [NEt4]2[NiRu3(CO)8(μ-CO)4]

Redox condensation of [Ru₃H(CO)₁₁]- with Ni(CO)₄, in tetrahydrofuran solution, under a nitrogen atmosphere, yields the tetranuclear anion [NiRu_H(CO)₁₁)-. Subsequent deprotonation with Bu'OK in acetonitrile solution leads to the formation of the related dianion. Both anions have been characterized by spectroscopic techniques, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. [PPh₄][NiRu₃H(CO)₁₂] crystallizes in the triclinic space group PI with unit cell dimensionsof a = 11.842(2) Å,b = 12.335(3) Å, c = 13.3080) Å,a = 91.89(2)°, = 93.35(1)°,y = 96.41(2)°, Z = 2, V= 1926.9(7) Å'. The NiRu₃, metal core of the molecule defines a distorted tetrahedron with nine terminal and three edge bridging carbonyl groups. The hydrido ligand was located by difference Fourier techniques and was found to bridge the NiRu₂ basal triangle at a distance of 0.88(6) A from this plane. Selected average distances and angles are: Ru-Ru = 2.839 Å, Ru-Ni = 2.640 Å, Ru-C, = 1.910 A,Ru-C _b = 2.084 Å, Ni-C _b = 2.022 Å, Ru-H = 1.77 Å, C-0, = 1.135 Å, C-O _b = 1.159 Å, M-C-O, = 176.3°,M-C--O _b = 139.3°;other distances are: Ni-C₁ = l.758(7) Å, Ni-H= 1.85(7) Å. [NEt₄]₂[NiRu₃(CO)₁₂] crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pnma (no. 62) with unit cell dimensions ofa=20.247(5) Å,b = 15.038(4)Å,c = 12.079(3) Å, Z=4, V=3678(2) A'. The molecule contains a tetrahedral NiRu₃ core with eight terminal and four edge bridging carbon monoxide groups which bridge the three Ni-Ru and one Ru-Ru bond. Average distances and angles are: Ru -Ru =2.3050A Ru-Ni 2.648 Å, Ru-C _t = 1.878 Å, Ru-C _b 2.045 Å, Ni-C _b = 2.055 Å, C-O _t = 1.145 Å, C-01,=1.157 Å, M-C-O,= 176.9°, M-C-O _b = 138.6°; other distance is: Ni-C _t = 1.754(10) Å,t = terminal,b = bridging.     

Synthesis, Characterization and Crystal Structure of [Co2Mo2(μ4-C2HPh)(μ-CO)4(CO)4(η5-C5H4C(O)Me)2]

The reaction of μ-alkyne-bridged dimolybdenum compound [Mo2(μ-C2HPh)(CO)4(η5-C5H4C(O)Me)2] 1 with Co2(CO)8 in refluxing toluene gave a new butterfly compound [Co2Mo2(μ4-C2HPh)(μ-CO)4(CO)4(η5-C5H4C(O)Me)2] 2 which was fully characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1H NMR and X-ray single crystal diffraction techniques. 2 crystallized in monoclinic system, C30H20Co2Mo2O10, Mr=850.23, space group P21/a(#14), a=14.165(5), b=12.498(2), c=16.204(2)(A), β = 96.50(2)°, V = 2850(1)(A)3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.981 g cm-3, F(000)=1672, μ(MoKα)=20.41 cm-1, final R=0.030, Rw=0.039 for 4831 observable reflections with I>2σ(I). The structure contains a Co2Mo2 butterfly core, and each Mo-Co bond is spanned by an asymmetric semi-bridging carbonyl ligand.     

SYNTHESIS OF A DINUCLEAR YLID COMPLEX DERIVED FROM P(OPh)3: CRYSTAL STRUCTURES OF [Cp2Fe2(CO)2(μ-CO) (μ-CHP(OPh)3)+][BF4 −] AND [Cp2Fe2(CO)2 (μ-CO)(μ-CHPPh3)+][BF4 −]

Abstract

[Cp₂Fe₂(CO)₂(μ-CO)(μ-CHP(OPh)₃)⁺][BF^? ₄] crystallizes in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P2₁/n with a = 12.553(7) Å, b = 16.572(11) Å, c = 15.112(8) Å, β = 100.00(4)°, V = 3096(3) ų and D(calcd.) = 1.579 g/cm³ for Z = 4. The structure was refined to R(F) = 5.83% for 1972 reflections above 4σ(F). The cation contains two CpFe(CO) fragments linked via an iron—iron bond (Fe(1)—Fe(2) = 2.544(3)Å), a bridging carbonyl ligand (Fe(1)—C(4) = 1.918(1) Å, Fe(2)—C(4) = 1.946(12)Å) and a bridging CHP(OPh)₃ ligand (Fe(1)—C(1) = 1.980(9)Å, Fe(2)—C(1) = 1.989(8)Å). Distances within the μ-CHP(OPh)₃ moiety include a rather short carbon—phosphorus bond [C(1)—P(1) = 1.680(10)Å] and P—O bond lengths of 1.550(7)–1.579(6)Å. The crystal is stabilized by a network of F…H—C interactions involving the BF^? ₄ anion.

[Cp₂Fe₂(CO)₂(μ-CO)(μ-CHPPh₃)⁺][BF^? ₄], which differs from the previous compound only in having a μ-CHPPh₃ (rather than μ-CHP(OPh)₃) ligand, crystallizes in the centrosymmetric monoclinic space group P2₁/c with a = 11.248(5)Å, b = 13.855(5)Å, c = 18.920(7)Å, β = 96.25(3)°, V = 2931(2)ų and D(calcd.) = 1.559 g/cm³ for Z = 4. This structure was refined to R(F) = 4.66% for 1985 reflections above 4σ(F). Bond lengths within the dinuclear cation here include Fe(1)-Fe(2) = 2.529(2)Å, Fe(1)—C(3) = 1.904(9) Å and Fe(2)—C(3) = 1.911(8) Å (for the bridging CO ligand) and Fe(1)—C(1P) = 1.995(6) Å and Fe(2)—C(1P) = 1.981(7) Å (for the bridging CHPPh₃ ligand). Distances within the μ-CHPPh₃ ligand include a longer carbon—phosphorus bond [C(1P)—P(1) = 1.768(6)Å] and P(1)—C(phenyl) = 1.797(7)–1.815(8) Å.     

Cluster chemistry. 85. Addition of a gold acetylide to an Ru5 cluster. X-ray structure of AuRu5(μ5-C2PPh2)(μ-C2Ph)(μ-PPh2)(CO)13(PPh3)

The reaction between Ru₅(₅-C₂PPh₂)(-PPh₂)(CO)₁₃ and Au(C₂Ph)(PPh₃) afforded AuRu₅(₅-C₂PPh₂)(-C₂Ph)(-PPh₂)(CO)₁₃ (PPh₃), in which the Ru₅ cluster has a scorpion geometry; the Au(PPh₃) group bridges one of the Ru-Ru bonds of the Ru₃ triangle, while the C₂Ph group bridges one of the tail Ru-Ru vectors.For Part 84, see Ref. 1.     

Synthesis of [Ru4(μ3-η2-CO)(CO)9{μ-(RO)2PN(Et)P(OR)2}2] (R = Me or Pri): Butterfly clusters of ruthenium containing a triply bridging carbonyl ligand with an unusual mode of coordination. Crystal structure of [Ru4(μ3-η2-CO)(CO)9{μ-(MeO)2PN(Et)P(OMe)2}2]

Reaction of [Ru₃(CO)₁₂] with a two molar proportion of (RO)₂PN(Et)P(OR)₂ (R = Me or Prⁱ) in benzene under reflux affords a number of products including [Ru₃(CO)₁₀{μ-(RO)₂PN(Et)P(OR)₂}], [Ru₃(CO)₉{μ-(RO)₂PN(Et)P(OR)₂}{η¹-(RO)₂PN(Et)P(OR)₂}] and, as the major species, the tetranuclear derivative [Ru₄(μ₃-η²-CO)(CO)₉{μ-(RO)₂PN(Et)P(OR)₂}₂]. An X-ray diffraction study of [Ru₄(μ₃-η²-CO)(CO)₉{μ-(MeO)₂PN(Et)P(OMe)₂}₂] has revealed that the skeletal framework adopts a butterfly structure and that one of the carbonyl groups functions as a triply bridging four-electron donor ligand capping the two wing-tip and one of the hinge ruthenium atoms.     

Diphenylphosphine and diphenylphosphido derivatives of [Ru3(μ-H)(μ3-ampy)(CO)9] (Hampy = 2-amino-6-methylpyridine)

The reactions of [Ru₃(μ-H)(μ-ampy)(CO)₉] (1) (Hampy = 2-amino-6-methylpyridine) with one or two equivalents of PPh₂H lead to the complexes [Ru₃(μ-H)(μ₃-ampy)(CO)₈(PPh₂H)] (2) or [Ru₃(μ-H)(μ₃-ampy)(CO)₇(PPh₂H)₂] (3), in which the PPh₂H ligands are cis to the bridging NH fragment and cis to the hydride. Complex 2 can be transformed in refluxing THF into the phosphido-bridged derivative [Ru₃(μ₃-ampy)(μ-PPh₂)(μ-CO)₂(CO)₆] (4), which contains the PPh₂ ligand spanning one of the two RuRu edges unbridged by the amido moiety, and presents an extremely high ³¹P chemical shift of 386.9 ppm. Under similar conditions, complex 3 gives a mixture of two isomers of [Ru₃(μ-H)(μ₃-ampy)(μ-PPh₂)₂(CO)₆] in a 5:1 ratio; the major product (5) has a plane of symmetry, whereas the minor one (6) is asymmetric.