修饰Al2O3负载的烯基取代茂金属催化体系催化乙烯聚合的研究

经过十几年的研究和开发,茂金属催化剂已经有了很大的发展,部分已经工业化,同时新的茂金催化体系仍然在不断地开发出来［１～４］．均相烯烃聚合催化剂经负载后能有效地改善所得聚合物的颗粒形态,并可用于气相聚合,同时也出现了许多新的聚合特征,这方面的研究一直是烯烃聚合催化剂研究领域的一个热点［５～８］．在负载型催化剂的制备时,通常用ＭＡＯ先对载体进行处理,然后再负载茂金属,这样ＭＡＯ的用量就很大．茂环上的取代基对聚合有较大的影响,许多聚合规律仍在探索之中．尽管硼化合物作为助催化剂的茂金属催化体系已经被应用…     

茂金属催化乙烯聚合反应动力学

以茂金属化合物[(CH3)2C(η－C5H3）（η－C9H6）]ZrCl2为主催化剂，甲基铝氧烷MAO为助催化剂催化乙烯聚合，对不同的反应条件下（如温度，铝锆摩尔比）聚合反应的动力学进行了研究，并根据此聚合反应体系的动力学特点及考虑到活性中心的再活化，在分析和研究以往的动力学模型的基础上，对烯烃均相聚合动力学反应作了一些假定，建立了动力学模型，用模型对实验数据进行了拟合，结果表明与实验数据相吻合，可以认为，在该聚合反应体系中，确实存在铝氧烷的再活化作用，根据模拟拟合得到了聚合反应的动力学参数。     

双组分茂金属催化剂催化乙烯聚合的研究

选择能形成支链的不对称桥联茂金属化合物Me2 C[(Cp) (Ind) ]ZrCl2 和非桥联的不同结构的茂金属化合物二氯二 (烯基取代环戊二烯 )锆如 ( Cp) 2 ZrCl2 ,(Cp) 2 ZrCl2 和 (Cp) 2 ZrCl2 ,以MAO为助催化剂 ,分别组成三组双组分茂金属催化剂的催化体系 ,催化乙烯聚合 .结果表明 ,两类催化剂组成的双组分茂金属催化体系催化乙烯聚合能得到支化的宽分子量分布的聚乙烯 ;聚合温度和改变两种茂金属催化剂的摩尔比对催化活性和分子量有很大影响 .因此可以利用改变双组分茂金属催化剂的摩尔比例和聚合温度来调控聚合物的分子量和分子量分布 .改变两种茂金属催化剂的摩尔比和聚合温度也能使聚合物的结晶度发生改变     

新型聚合物载体茂金属催化剂

均相茂金属催化剂虽然有许多优点和特点,但也存在着某些不足之处,例如,不适于现在通用的气相和淤浆聚合工艺;要想达到足够的聚合活性需大量价格昂贵的MAO;相当多的均相茂金属催化剂不适于高温聚合（活性降低,分子极低）,不能很好地控制聚合物的形态,为了在工业上得到实际应用,必须将它们载体（非均相）化。通常采用的载体都是无机物,如SiO2、MgCl2、Al2O3等。由于无机载体表面具有酸性,负载茂金属催化剂活性有所降低,用聚合和作茂金属催化剂的载体很少有报道,我们研制了一种新型的聚合物载体茂金属催化剂,即可保持均相茂金属催化特点和优点,又能克服其缺点。其合成路线如下。     

有机-无机复合载体茂锆催化剂的制备及乙烯聚合

合成了组成为聚(4-乙烯基吡啶)-硅胶(SAV)的有机-无机复合载体茂锆催化剂,并用固体13C-NMR谱、元素分析(EA)、光电子能谱(XPS)等方法进行了表征.发现由SAV负载的茂锆催化剂可在相对较低的甲基铝氧烷(Al/Zr=600)用量下聚合乙烯.其活性(1.12×103kg PE/mol Zr.h)远高于SiO2负载的茂锆催化剂(0.22×103kg PE/mol Zr.h).     

有机/无机复合载体负载茂金属催化剂的制备和乙烯聚合

苯乙烯/丙烯酰胺共聚物;SiO2载体;有机/无机复合载体负载茂金属催化剂的制备和乙烯聚合     

一种提高茂金属载体催化剂催化性能的方法

茂金属配合物（Ｍｃ）是继Ｚｉｅｇｌｅｒ－Ｎａｔａ催化剂之后的最重要的新一代聚烯烃催化剂，尤其是１９８０年Ｋａｍｉｎｓｋｙ催化剂体系Ｃｐ２ＺｒＣｌ２／ＭＡＯ的诞生，是均相聚烯烃发展史上一次大革命。甲基铝氧烷（ＭＡＯ）作为助催化剂的催化剂体系相对于传统催...     

负载双核茂金属催化剂催化乙烯聚合反应动力学研究

以SiO2为载体,制备了负载的双核茂金属[（η5-C5H5）Zr Cl2]2[μ,μ-（SiMe2）2（η5-allyl C5H2）2]/MAO/SiO2催化剂,以己烷为溶剂进行了淤浆条件下乙烯聚合反应,研究了扩散因素、乙烯聚合压力和聚合温度对乙烯淤浆聚合动力学参数的影响,测定了聚合反应级数和表观活化能,采用动力学和相对分子质量法计算了负载催化剂的活性中心浓度,并对链增长速率常数等动力学参数进行了计算.结果表明,以负载双核茂金属催化剂催化乙烯淤浆聚合反应速率对单体浓度呈1.11级依赖,反应活化能Ea为72.47 kJ/mol,活性中心浓度C＊为0.33 mol/mol,链增长速率常数Kp为1.06×106L.（mol.h）-1.     

烷基铝对球形MgCl_2负载的茂金属催化剂催化乙烯聚合的影响

以甲基铝氧烷(MAO)为助催化剂的茂金属催化剂虽然具有催化活性高、分子量分布窄、聚合物化学组成均匀等优点,但其极高的Al/Zr比和聚合物颗粒形态差等缺点限制了其工业化应用,因此对茂金属催化剂的负载化成为近年来的研究热点.在众多的载体中,球形MgCl2是研究得很少的一类载体,文献中曾采用先负载主催化剂茂金属配合物,聚合时再加入助催化剂MAO的方法[1],由于加入的MAO与主催化剂的络合能力很强,会使部分载上的主催化剂溶解下来,成为均相聚合[2,3],导致聚合物颗粒形态差,且粘釜现象严重.我们则采用相反的思路,即先将助催化剂MAO负载在球形MgCl2上,制得MgCl2/MAO,在聚合前再将MgCl2/MAO与Et[Ind]2ZrCl2混合陈化,并立即在少量烷基铝活化下引发乙烯聚合[4],实验结果表明,该催化剂聚合活性高、聚合物的颗粒形态好、且不粘釜,是一种新型的载体催化剂.由于烷基铝的加入可使催化剂的活性大幅度提高,所以本文将烷基铝也称作助催化剂,来研究其对该载体催化剂催化乙烯聚合的影响.     

高分子化Si桥联茂金属催化剂的合成及其催化乙烯聚合反应

合成了硅桥上含乙烯基团的硅桥联茂金属催化剂[(CH_2=CH)CH_3Si(C_5H_4) _2]ZrCl_2 (3)，并通过IR, ~1H NMR对化合物进行了表征，3在AIBN的引发下与苯 乙烯共聚形成高分子化的茂金属催化剂4。研究了3和4对乙烯聚合的能力，考察了 n(Al)/n(Zr)'温度对催化剂活性的影响。     

A New Type of Polymer-Supported Metallocene Catalyst for Ethylene Polymerization

Although homogeneous metallocene catalysts show some specific characteristics, such as single site, extremely high catalytic activity, high ability to incorporate monomers, narrow molecular weight and comonomer distribution, and excellent control of stereoregularity, but they also suffer some drawbacks, a very large amount of MAO requirement, inability to be used in slurry or gas phase processes, and poor control of polymer morphology. Therefore, it is necessary to modify the catalysts for the…     

Ethylene Polymerization by Metallocene Catalysts Supported over Siliceous Materials with Bimodal Pore Size Distribution

Summary: As known, the pore structure of the catalytic support plays a decisive role during the polymerization reactions determining intra-particle mass and heat transport phenomena. In this work, several ethylene polymerizations have been carried out by using as catalytic support different mesostructured materials with unimodal and bimodal pore size distributions in order to evaluate the influence of this pore size distribution on the catalytic behavior. Calcined mesoporous materials were impregnated with the catalytic system MAO/(nBuCp)₂ZrCl₂ and used for ethylene polymerization and ethylene/1-hexene copolymerizations, at 70 °C and 5 bar of ethylene pressure. Polyethylenes obtained were characterized by GPC, DSC and Crystaf. Results indicate that porous structure of the support has a significant influence on polymerization activity and polymer properties. Despite the catalyst bimodal pore size distribution, only ethylene/1-hexene copolymers presented a bimodal chemical composition distribution.     

Novel Aluminoxanes Prepared from AlEt_3/Al(i-Bu)_3 Mixture as Cocatalyst for Metallocene Catalyzed Ethylene Polymerization

Methylalundnoxane(MAO)isthemostimportantcocatalystformetallocenecatalyzedolefinpolymerization.Intheearlyyearsofthefieldithadbeentheonlycocatalystwhichcanactivatemetallocenecatalyststoveryhighactivity.MAOispreparedbypartialhydrolysisofAl(CHs)s(TMA)undercontrolledconditions1.TMAisanextremelyreactiveanddangerousreagent,andthismakesMAOapreciouschendcalreagent.MAOaccountsforalargepercentageinthecostofthemetallocenecatalystsystem,becauseahighMAO/metalloceneratioisneededforpoIymerization'.I…     

甲基铝氧烷的改性及其对乙烯聚合催化活性的影响

用BCl3为修饰剂制备了改性甲基铝氧烷(BMAO) 以二氯二茂锆为主催化剂、BMAO为助催化剂,考察了影响乙烯聚合活性的各种因素及其聚合动力学行为 与常用的甲基铝氧烷(MAO)相比,BMAO用于催化体系显著提高了乙烯聚合的催化活性.     

Surface Coordination Polymerization of Ethylene by Hydrozirconation‐Immobilized Metallocene

Hydrozirconation on vinyl‐terminated substrates (silicon wafer and nanosilica sphere) is employed as an efficient way for immobilization of zirconocene catalyst through Zr C bonds, which is applied in surface coordination ethylene polymerization producing surface‐tethered polyethylene (PE). The formation of Zr C σ bond induced by hydrozirconation provides an initiator precursor for growing a layer of PE covalently linked onto substrates. The results from SEM, AFM, and TEM show that the surface polymerization is controlled by hydrozirconation. Surface pattern or core–shell structure with crystalline PE coating can be formed, when silicon wafer is selectively functionalized with vinyl‐groups or vinyl‐modified nanosilica is applied. It is believed that hydrozirconation for the synthesis of zirconocene initiator can be a versatile route to prepare polyolefin hybrid materials.

     

Dialkylzinc Compounds as Chain Transfer Agents in Ethylene and Propylene Polymerizations Catalyzed by Metallocene Catalysts

Dialkylzinc compounds (ZnR₂) with the alkyl groups of different steric hindrance were used as chain transfer agents in ethylene and propylene polymerizations catalyzed by two conventional metallocene catalysts including rac-Et(Ind)₂ZrCl₂ and rac-Me₂Si[2-Me-4-Ph-Ind]₂ZrCl₂. In general, catalyst activities for ethylene polymerizations are barely affected by chain transfer agents, regardless of the R type; however, there are significant activity reductions in propylene polymerizations when the R in ZnR₂ is less hindered, and as R becomes bulkier, catalyst activities are gradually restored. ZnR₂ and metallocene catalyst active site tend to form a reversible and catalytically inactive complex, thus the geometry congested ZnR₂ would reduce complex formation tendency and hence decreased its negative effect on catalyst activities.