自适应超静定桁架强度控制能力的提高

利用作动器的调节功能和超静定桁架的内力耦合特性,提高了自适应超静定桁架结构的承载能力,获得了更加合理的结构工作状态,有效地解决了文[8]中当作动器刚度较小时调控能力受限的问题。计算结果比文[8]模型的结果更令人满意。     

THE CASTIGLIANO THEOREM AND THE PRINCIPLE OF VIRTUAL WORK HU Weiping 1)

从虚功原理的角度讨论了在应用卡氏定理时支座反力的处理方法与原理。解释了在静定结构中,支座反力必须视为与外载荷相关的变量,而在静不定问题,多余支座反力既可以视为独立变量,也可以视为与外载荷相关的变量的根本原因。启发教师和学生在进行该部分内容的讲授与练习时,除了能够灵活运用卡氏定理外,还能够从本质上理解卡氏定理。     

用等效力系变换矩阵求解静不定桁架极限载荷

采用等效力系变换矩阵研究了双模量静不定桁架极限载荷问题．首先证明了固体的等效力系变换矩阵与等效位移变换矩阵是互为转置的矩阵,采用等效力系变换矩阵求解双模量静不定桁架结构的内力,然后再利用静力方程确定双模量静不定桁架结构的极限载荷．当力的变换关系可以根据物理条件容易求得,而位移的变换关系不容易找出时,用等效力系变换矩阵求解静不定桁架极限载荷,就更能显示出其计算过程简洁、清晰等优点．用等效力系变换矩阵求解静不定桁架极限载荷不涉及材料的性质,对各向同性材料、双模量材料静不定桁架极限载荷的求解都适用．     

THE GENERAL SOLUTION OF THE MULTI-ROD JUNCTION PROBLEMS

用位移法推导出载荷作用下多杆汇交问题的通解,避免了列出复杂的几何关系. 通过算例表明,无论是静定还是超静定问题,都可用其求解.     

用拉格朗日函数分析不同模量静不定桁架内力

在外载荷作用下的不同模量静不定桁架平衡问题,是任意有限多个自变量的多元函数在任意有限多个约束条件下的极值问题,对采用拉格朗日乘数法求解此类极值问题进行了数学证明．通过求解不同模量静不定桁架极限载荷的几个算例,阐述拉格朗日乘数法在计算不同模量静不定桁架极限载荷中的应用．研究结果表明：采用拉格朗日乘数法求解不同模量静不定桁架极限载荷的通用性较强,用拉格朗日乘数法求解不同模量静不定桁架极限载荷的方法不但克服了常规方法需利用几何关系建立协调方程的缺陷,且具有力学概念清晰直观、计算过程简便、便于工程设计人员在实际中掌握和应用．     

超静定梁?柱的解析解研究

本文采用渐进积分法研究了超静定梁?柱的弯曲问题. 首先建立超静定梁?柱的四阶挠度微分方程, 考虑到边界条件和连续光滑条件, 采用连续分段独立一体化积分法求解得到了挠度的精确解析解. 为了满足工程设计需要, 构造了超静定梁?柱的四阶挠度微分迭代方程, 选取无轴向力作用时超静定梁的挠曲线作为梁的初函数, 将初函数代入梁的四阶挠度微分迭代方程进行积分, 利用边界条件和连续光滑条件确定积分常数, 得到下一次迭代挠度函数, 依次进行迭代积分运算. 计算出了最大挠度、最大转角和最大弯矩等用轴向力放大系数表示的多项式解析函数解. 本文选取了两种边界条件下受分布力作用的超静定梁?柱进行分析, 计算结果表明, 当超静定梁?柱所受的轴向力小于欧拉临界力的1/2时, 迭代六次误差就可以控制在1%以内; 不仅梁?柱最大位移和最大内力的大小随轴向力的增大而增大, 而且其位置也随轴向力的增大而发生迁移. 本文的研究对揭示轴向力对超静定梁?柱变形和内力的影响有重要意义, 为超静定梁?柱的实际设计提供了一定的理论基础.      

自适应结构多工况下强度控制的研究

对自适应超静定桁架结构的强度控制问题进行了研究，把模型从单一工况推广到了多工况，实现了理论的完整性，定义了结构工作状态系数， 分析了作动器的联入对结构强度的影响，利用超静定桁架的耦合特性和作动器的调节功能，把强度控制问题转化为数学规划问题，方法简单有效。     

超静定捆绑火箭传力试验设计方法

在综合分析试验产品,边界条件,加载激励,测量可实现性等多方面因素基础上,本文设计了一套超静定捆绑火箭传力试验方法,并通过了地面验证.该设计方法能够有效验证超静定捆绑火箭内力载荷计算的准确性,具有重要的工程指导意义.     

自适应超静定桁架结构强度控制的研究

以超静定桁架结构为背景研究了自适应结构的承载能力,探讨作动器和杆单元的共同工作,用以进行结构分析和控制结构承载能力,后者意指通过作动器的主动变形调控结构的内力分布以获得更加合理的工作状态。     

非线性材料杆系结构的内力求解

随着科技的发展,已研发出了许多非线性材料,这些非线性材料组成的结构已在工程实际中得到了广泛应用.本文研究了静不定非线性材料结构杆件内力的求解这一关键问题.利用非线性材料结构余能及静力平衡条件,构造了新泛函数,对新泛函数进行一阶求导,即可方便求得静不定非线性材料结构杆件的内力.同时,指出了非线性材料杆系结构的内力求解时存...     

基于材料力学弯曲理论求解非线性梁的探讨

基于材料力学弯曲理论,利用广义变分原理研究了非线性本构关系静不定梁支承反力的求解,指出了有关文献求解非线性本构关系静不定梁支承反力存在的错误．研究结果表明：本构关系为的静不定梁弯曲时,会同时存在曲率为正、曲率为负的梁段．当n为奇数时,曲率为正梁段的余能表达形式与曲率为负的余能表达式相同．当n为偶数时,曲率为正梁段的余能表达式与曲率为负梁段的余能表达式则不相同,存在正负号的差异．     

Figures of and come from two basic structures in force method

在传统的结构力学力法教学中,无论是力法基本方程的建立还是方程中系数和自由项 的求解,都要求在同一基本结构上进行. 本文通过实例计算和比较,采用公式叠加原理分析 了当$M_p$图与$\overline M_1$图分别选自不同的基本结构时,力法基本方程的物 理意义以及计算过程的科学意义. 结果显示在力法计算中,基于不同的基本结构求 解超静定问题,可简化力法的计算过程. 用本文方 法开展教学,有利于学生对力法的深入理解和掌握.     

Mechanical Properties of two novel planar lattice structures

Two novel statically indeterminate planar lattice materials are designed: a new Kagome cell (N-Kagome) and a statically indeterminate square cell (SI-square). Their in-plane mechanical properties, such as stiffness, yielding, buckling and collapse mechanisms are investigated by analytical methods. The analytical stiffness is also verified by means of finite element (FE) simulations. In the case of uniaxial loading, effective modulus, yield strength, buckling strength and critical relative density are compared for various lattice structures. At a critical relative density, the collapse mode will change from buckling to yielding. Elastic buckling under macroscopic shear loading is found to have significant influence on failure of lattice structures, especially at low relative densities. Comparison of the analytical bulk and shear moduli with the Hashin–Shtrikman bounds indicates that the mechanical properties of the SI-square honeycomb are relatively close to being optimal. It is found that compared with the other existing stretching-dominated 2D lattice structures, the N-Kagome cell possesses the largest continuous cavities for fixed relative densities and wall thicknesses, which is convenient for oil storage, disposal of heat exchanger, battery deploying and for other functions. And the initial yield strength of the N-Kagome cell is slightly lower than that of the Kagome cell. The SI-square cell has similar high stiffness and strength as the mixed cell while its buckling resistance is about twice than that of the mixed cell.     

When is a symmetric body-hinge structure isostatic?

A symmetry-extended mobility rule is formulated for body-hinge frameworks and used to derive necessary symmetry conditions for isostatic (statically and kinematically indeterminate) frameworks. Constructions for symmetric body-hinge frameworks with an isostatic scalar count are reported, and symmetry counts are used to examine these structures for hidden, symmetry-detectable mechanisms. Frameworks of this type may serve as examples for exploration of a symmetry extension of the (now proven) ‘molecular conjecture’.     

On the application of mixed method to solve solids of revolution with discrete fixed supports

In this paper, the force method of statically indeterminate structure mechanics is used to treat the solids of revolution with discrete fixed supports. The reactionary forces of discrete fixed supports are considered as statically indeterminate unknown variables. The force-method canonical equations, in which the coefficient matrix and the right-hand vector are computed by semi-analytical finite element method, are solved. Then the finite element solution of solid of revolution with discrete fixed supports is calculated with the external loads superposed from the assigned external loads and the reactionary forces of discrete supports.     

转换矩阵在非线性材料杆系分析中的应用

证明了在杆系中,力的转换矩阵与位移的转换矩阵互为转置矩阵,当静不定非线性杆系静力平衡方程确定,而变形协调条件难以确定时,利用转置矩阵可以方便求得静不定非线性杆系的内力及有关节点位移.非线性材料杆系应力-应变关系 σ=Bε1/n中的幂n=2时,非线性材料静不定桁架有可能存在两个解;而采用常规方法求解静不定非线性杆系内力时...     

小变形轴力杆件的变形位移方程

从杆件变形量的定义出发,利用两点间距离公式,导出了小变形轴力杆件的变形位移方 程. 此方程形式简洁,计算方便,对线性和非线性材料的小变形问题都可应用,也不必区分静定 结构和超静定结构,还可以方便地处理支座沉陷问题,因而广泛适用于桁架结构的受力分析.     

求解弹性梁的普遍化方法

介绍了一种求解弹性梁的新方法．该方法利用奇异函数与拉普拉斯变换相结合的方法导出弹性梁弯曲变形的普遍表达式，并利用边界条件确定约束力，对具有任意支承形式、受力状况和阶梯形状的静定或超静定梁具有普适性．     

Free torsion of thin-walled structural members of open- and closed-sections

Free torsion of thin-walled structures of open- and closed-sections is a classical elastic mechanics problem, which, in literature, is often solved by the method of membrane analogy. The method of membrane analogy, however, can be only applied to structures of a single material. If the structure consists of both open- and closed-sections, the method of membrane analogy is difficult to be applied. In this paper, a new method is presented for solving the free torsion of thin-walled structures of open- and/or closed- sections with multiple materials. By utilizing a simple statically indeterminate concept, torsional equations are derived based on the equilibrium and compatibility conditions. The method presented here not only is very simple and easy to understand but also can be applied to thin-walled structures of combined open- and closed-sections with multiple materials.     

Transverse-longitudinal bending of rheonomic rods

In [1, 2], an energy method for the determination of critical buckling times is developed for rods subjected to compression in the conditions of longitudinal bending. In this case, for given compressive loads, the bending moments in the rod cross-sections depend only on the current deflection of the rod axis. In contrast to longitudinal bending, in the case of transverse-longitudinal bending the bending moment in general depends not only on the deflection but also on the axial coordinate and the reaction forces in the supports. Depending on the rod fixing conditions, the problems of transverse-longitudinal bending can be categorized as statically determinate or statically indeterminate. In the latter case, the derivation of equilibrium conditions for a rod segment is complicated by the indefiniteness of the reactions in the rod buckling process. In the current paper, the energy method developed in [1, 2] is extended to a class of statically indeterminate transverse-longitudinal bending problems. To determine the redundant variables, it is proposed to use the principle of minimum of additional dissipation.