104例孕妇产前临床与人发元素测试分析

为探讨孕期贫血与发铁、锌、钙、镁的相互关系，从１９９３年１月至１２月检测了１０４例孕妇的外周血红细胞、血红蛋白与发铁、锌、钙、镁水平．１０４例孕妇中，职业以农民为主，平均年龄２３．５岁，孕周１２周以下者１２例（１１．５％），１２～２８周者３８例（５１．９％），超过２８周者３８例（３６．５％）．结果显示，１０４例中，红细胞＜３．５×１０１２／Ｌ几者４７例，占４６．４％；血红蛋白＜１１０ｇ／Ｌ者４８例，占４６．２％；发铁＜２５×１０－６者６６例，占６３．４６％，发锌＜１１０×１０－６者６例，占５．８％，发钙均＞３００×１０－６，６４例检测发镁，＜３８×１０－６者１例，占０．９６％；血红蛋白与发铁呈正相关（Ｐ＜０．０１）．结果表明，贫血是孕妇的常见疾病，孕妇贫血与缺铁有关，缺铁是孕妇贫血的重要原因；及时补充铁剂是预防和治疗孕妇贫血的重要措施．     

胚胎发育与孕妇血锌含量的对比观察

为探讨早孕时期胚胎发育与微量元素的关系，测定了１２０例胚胎停止发育孕妇血锌含量，并与对照组比较，结果表明，８２例血锌含量低于对照组，占６８．３３％。     

广东省惠东县280例6个月婴儿血铁含量与血红蛋白相关分析

为了解惠东县280例6个月婴儿血铁含量分析及与血红蛋白含量之间的相关性,采用多通道原子吸收光谱分析仪对280例健康6个月婴儿的末梢血做了铁、锌、铜、钙、镁5种元素的测定,同时采用全血液分析仪做了血常规24项检测。结果表明,有201人铁含量低于7．52mmol／L．铁元素缺乏率为71．8％;血红蛋白低于110g／L 有105人,贫血发生率为37．5％;血铁含量与血红蛋白含量之间为正相关,r=0．997,P〈0．01。提示6个月婴儿贫血患病率较高,亚临床缺铁较为普遍,必须积极采取预防干预措施,降低贫血病率。     

妊娠与微量元素食疗的关系探讨

应用原子吸收分光光度法测定了2300例健康孕妇及150例未受孕健康妇女发中锌、铜、铁、钙的含量。结果表明,妊娠妇女微量元素缺乏率为：铁63．54％、锌44．26％、钙29．17％。研究揭示,微量元素与妊娠有非常密切的关系,应通过食疗调整,使孕妇体内微量元素维持在正常水平,保证孕妇的身体健康和胎儿的正常生长发育。     

急性腹泻患儿血、发微量元素锌含量分析

为了观察急性腹泻患儿血、发中微量元素锌的变化,测定了32例急性腹泻患儿血、发中的微量元素锌并与正常儿童值进行对照。结果显示,急性腹泻患儿发锌含量明显低于正常对照组,且差异非常显著,P＜0．01,而血锌与正常对照组之间无显著差异。提出缺锌儿童易患腹泻病,认为合理补充微量元素锌,有助于该疾病的防治。     

贫血冲剂对脾虚模型小鼠全血微量元素变化探讨

对常用６１种中药作微量元素检测．发现补血滋肾类药铁含量丰富，而健脾益气类药铁和锌含量均高．制备脾虚模型小鼠以贫血冲剂喂养一周及二周，分别检测其全血中铁、锌、钙含量．发现喂养一周．脾虚组与对照组全血铁，锌．钙含员变化不大（Ｐ＞０．０５），而喂养二周，脾成组全血铁、锌、钙含量明显高于对照组（Ｐ＜０．０５）。     

深圳市小学生头发中锌,铜,铁含量与血红蛋白的相关分析

为探讨深圳市小学生头发中锌、铜、铁的含量与贫血的关系，随机选择了9～14岁的小学51名，检测了头发中锌、铜、铁的含量，血红蛋白（Hb）水平，结果显示：深圳市小学生发锌、铜、铁均值分别为155．43×10-6，7．03×10-6，17．63×10-6，发锌值处于国内部分城市的较高水平，发铜含量较低，发铁居中。结合该51名小学生Hb的测定，按我国儿童少年贫血筛检国家标准，贫血29名，发锌均值为150．94×10-6；血红蛋白含量正常22名．其发锌均值为168．98×10-6，贫血组和正常组发锌含量的显著性检验t＝2．035，P＜0．05，两组发锌含量差别有显著意义，说明贫血与发锌含量有联系。在锌的日膳食供给量（RDA）基本正常的情况下，则应注意贫血和体内钢、铁含量及其利用率的相互关系。     

孕早期UVC血流频谱参数联合孕中期四维彩超诊断心脏发育畸形的研究

本文探讨孕早期脐静脉导管(UVC)彩色多普勒超声血流频谱参数联合孕中期四维彩超诊断胎儿先天性心脏发育畸形的临床价值。选取62例先天性心脏发育畸形胎儿作为观察组,同期180例分娩且心脏正常发育的胎儿作为对照组,两组均于孕11～13周接受UVC彩色多普勒超声检查,孕17～27周接受四维彩超检查。结果显示,观察组胎儿UVC彩色多普勒超声血流频谱参数心房收缩期峰值速度(A)、心室舒张期峰值速度(D)、心室收缩期速度(S)、A波最大速度(Tamax)测定值均低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组胎儿UVC彩色多普勒超声血流频谱参数搏动指数(PI)、静脉前负荷指数(PLI)、静脉峰值流速指数(PVIV)测定值均高于对照组(P<0.05);孕早期S、D、A、Tamax、PI、PLI、PVIV测定值诊断胎儿心脏发育畸形的AUC值分别为0.702、0.849、0.647、0.768、0.826、0.757、0.676;孕中期四维彩超诊断胎儿心脏发育畸形的整体符合率为93.55%;四维彩超诊断心脏发育畸形的灵敏度为93.55%、特异度为98.33%。孕早期UVC彩色多普勒超声血流频谱参数与孕中期四...     

微量元素对胎儿发育影响的临床研究

为了解小于胎龄儿的血锌、铜、铅的变化 ,对 3 8例小于胎龄儿 (其中 1 2例有先天缺陷 )进行了血锌、铜、铅三种微量元素检测 ,并与 3 1例健康足月适于胎龄儿比较。结果表明 ,3 8例小于胎龄儿血锌、铜、铅结果分别为 49 4± 1 9 88μmol/L、 1 0 7± 3 3 μmol/L、 1 5± 0 83 μmol/L ;与正常对照组 (分别为 62 3 9± 1 5 2 9μmol/L、 1 1 0 2± 1 73 μmol/L、 0 82± 0 3 9μmol/L)比较 ,血锌明显低于正常组 ,t=-2 88,P <0 0 1 ;血铅明显高于对照组 ,t =4 6,P <0 0 1 ,有显著性差异。两组血铜无明显差异。小于胎龄儿血锌降低 ,血铅增高 ,而且其先天性缺陷者占3 5 .5 8% ,证明胎儿的低锌高铅状态对其生长发育有重要影响。     

强直性脊柱炎患者全血微量元素测定分析

选取人类白细胞抗原（HLA－B27）呈阳性的强直性脊柱炎患者54例，采晨空腹血，用原子吸收光谱法测定了全血中锌，铜，铁，钙及锶五种必需元素的含量。与50名无关节炎者组成的正常对照组进行比较。结果表明，患者组全血锌，铁，钙含量显著低于对照组（P＜0．01），锶低于对照组（P＜0．05），铜无统计学意义。提示患者体内微量元素代谢失常，很可能与该病的发生与发展有一定的关系。     

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能

多环芳二酐型聚酯亚胺膜的透气性能李悦生，丁孟贤，徐纪平（浙江大学高分子科学与工程研究所，杭州，３１００２７）（中国科学院长春应用化学研究所）关键词聚醚酰亚胺，聚酯酰亚胺，膜，透气性通常的聚酰亚胺加工性能较差，在芳环二酐的苯环间引入醚键等柔性基团后，其...     

微量元素与疾病诊断治疗的研究现状及展望

对国内外微量元素与疾病的关系及其诊断治疗的研究现状及研究动向进行了综述，包括：微量元素与地方病、癌肿、心血管病、糖尿病、眼病、神经系统病等。参考文献72篇。     

Determination and study on residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil

A QuEChERS (quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe) method for the determination of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry has been developed in this study. The residue and dissipation of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape and soil were determined with the developed method. The half-lives of benazolin-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 3.7–5.1 days and 14.3–26.3 days, respectively. The half-lives of quizalofop-p-ethyl in rape straw and soil were 5.0-6.1 days and 0.3–9.7 days, respectively. The residue of benazolin-ethyl and quizalofop-p-ethyl in rapeseed and soil were below the detection limit (i.e., 0.5?mg?kg^?1, the maximum residue level of European Union for quizalofop-p-ethyl).     

Synthesis and Optical and Redox Properties of Symmetric and Asymmetric BODIPYs

Herein, we present the synthetic route and the photophysical, electrochemical as well as laser properties of novel red‐emitting boron‐dipyrromethenes (BODIPYs) bearing arylethyne moieties. Such functionality is added along the main axis of the chromophore leading to single‐ and double‐substituted derivatives. The relationship between the dye structure and the lasing properties is studied in detail with the help of the photophysical and electrochemical properties as well as quantum mechanical simulations. The asymmetric substitution of the parent dye induces inhomogeneities in the charge distribution, which leads to an overall loss of the fluorescence capacity, mainly in polar media. Such non‐radiative deactivation processes can be softened by decreasing the electron‐donor ability of the substituent or even avoided by symmetrical substitution. Thus, grafting of the arylethyne moieties at the longitudinal axis of the indacene core results in an effective strategy to develop red‐edge BODIPYs with highly efficient and photostable laser emission.     

Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的物相结构与组分优化设计

Ti-V基储氢合金在室温、常压下即可表现出良好的储氢特性,且质量储氢容量明显高于传统AB₅型储氢合金,从而在氢气的精制和回收、运输和储存及热泵等方面有较早的应用。 此外,在混合气体分离、核反应堆中处理氢的同位素、镍氢电池及燃料电池负极材料等方面也得到了广泛的研究与关注。 基于目前Ti-V基储氢合金的研究现状,概述了该类合金的优势、限制性因素(包括成因)及改性手段。 此外,为了进一步理解Ti-V基合金储氢机理、构建合金组分与储氢特性之间的对应关系,本工作重点围绕Ti-V基储氢合金及其氢化物的结构、组分优化设计展开综述,并对其未来研究方向做出展望。     

钒与糖代谢及糖尿病

微量元素钒作为生物体内必需元素，经证实有很重要的生理学功能，与机体糖代谢有十分密切的关系，且能降低糖尿病动物模型的高血糖，极有可能被开发为治疗糖尿病的药物。     

Conformations and steric and stacking interactions of trisubstituted ureas and thioureas with alkyl and phenyl groups

The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of various trisubstituted ureas of the R₂UPh type and -thioureas of the R₂TUPh type have been studied. The trans—out isomerism in the former and the trans—out—cis isomerism in the latter are discussed from the point of view of steric effect. The monomeric ν(N—H) vibrations of RPhUPh and RPhTUPh are also examined. The single band appearing in the spectrum of both ureas is characteristic of the cis form; this suggests the existence of phenyl—phenyl interaction (the stacking interaction proposed by Galabov et al. [10]). Behavior of ν(N—H) vibrations at several concentrations is shown to be clearly different in the three forms (trans, out and cis). The presence of the cis form is confirmed by solvent effect experiments.     

Synthesis of Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol Glycofuranosides and Their Biochemical and Biological Activities in Cell-Free and Cellular Assays

Tyrosol (T) and hydroxytyrosol (HOT) and their glycosides are promising candidates for applications in functional food products or in complementary therapy. A series of phenylethanoid glycofuranosides (PEGFs) were synthesized to compare some of their biochemical and biological activities with T and HOT. The optimization of glycosylation promoted by environmentally benign basic zinc carbonate was performed to prepare HOT α-L-arabino-, β-D-apio-, and β-D-ribofuranosides. T and HOT β-D-fructofuranosides, prepared by enzymatic transfructosylation of T and HOT, were also included in the comparative study. The antioxidant capacity and DNA-protective potential of T, HOT, and PEGFs on plasmid DNA were determined using cell-free assays. The DNA-damaging potential of the studied compounds for human hepatoma HepG2 cells and their DNA-protective potential on HepG2 cells against hydrogen peroxide were evaluated using the comet assay. Experiments revealed a spectrum of different activities of the studied compounds. HOT and HOT β-D-fructofuranoside appear to be the best-performing scavengers and protectants of plasmid DNA and HepG2 cells. T and T β-D-fructofuranoside display almost zero or low scavenging/antioxidant activity and protective effects on plasmid DNA or HepG2 cells. The results imply that especially HOT β-D-fructofuranoside and β-D-apiofuranoside could be considered as prospective molecules for the subsequent design of supplements with potential in food and health protection.     

Ferrocene and ferrocenium modified clays and their styrene and EVA composites

In this work, ferrocene- and ferrocenium-containing salts were employed to modify montmorillonite. X-ray measurements show an increase in the interlayer spacing upon clay modification, which means that the larger and more organophilic cations were inserted into the gallery space of montmorillonite. Attempts to prepare nanocomposites of polystyrene and ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers lead to immiscible systems; the morphology of these systems was elucidated with TEM, XRD and cone calorimetry. The thermal stability of the composites is greater than that of the virgin polymer.