稀土元素对镍基合金刷镀层沉积速率的作用

研究了La ,Ce ,Sm及Er对电刷镀Ni P ,Ni Cu P和Ni Cu P MoS2 3种镀层沉积速率的影响。4种稀土都能提高镀层的沉积速率 ,其中Sm对Ni P和Ni Cu P镀层沉积速率的提高效果最为明显。稀土提高镀层沉积速率均存在一最佳的加入量。在一定的刷镀电压范围内 ,稀土加速Ni P ,Ni Cu P镀层沉积速率的作用效果及程度没有变化。分析了稀土提高镀层沉积速率的作用机制。     

化学沉积Ni–Fe–P合金的冲蚀特性研究

采用扫描电镜、能谱仪、X射线衍射等方法,研究了化学沉积Ni–Fe–P合金的组成和结构,并对其冲蚀性进行了研究。结果表明,随着镀液中硫酸亚铁浓度增大,化学沉积Ni–Fe–P镀层中的铁含量增大,磷含量下降。化学沉积Ni–Fe–P镀层的腐蚀电位比化学镀Ni–P镀层的腐蚀电位高。在3.5%(质量分数)Na Cl溶液组成的悬浮液冲击下,碳化硅颗粒粒度为124μm时,镀层质量损失出现最大值,随着悬浮液流速的增大镀层质量损失增加。     

Ni-P-CeO2化学复合镀层的XPS和AES分析

运用 SEM、AES和 XPS分析了 Ni- P- Ce O2 的镀层表面形貌及镀层组成。研究显示 ,Ni-P- Ce O2 镀层表面光滑、均匀、光洁度好 ,其相对原子摩尔分数分别为 Ni75.51 %、P1 3.37%、Ce2 .71 %、O6.81 %和 Fe1 .38%。镀层厚度为 6.0 μm,耐 1 0 0 g·L- 1 Na Cl溶液和 1 % (体积分数 ) H2 S气体的腐蚀能力较强。     

硝酸铈对Ni-Co-P镀层组织结构和性能的影响

在Ni-Co-P化学镀液中添加硝酸铈,研究硝酸铈对Ni-Co-P镀层组织结构和性能的影响。利用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、电化学工作站和显微硬度计,与常规化学镀层进行比较,观察和分析了硝酸铈对化学镀Ni-Co-P镀速、镀层形貌、结构、硬度和耐蚀性的影响。实验结果表明:采用添加硝酸铈的镀液施镀后,获得的Ni-Co-P镀层均匀致密,耐蚀性提高。镀层XRD衍射出现尖锐状衍射峰,呈微晶衍射特征。500℃热处理后,Ni-Co-P合金镀层完全转变成晶态,产生硬化相Ni3P。500℃热处理后,镀层硬度明显提高。     

高性能含镨快淬(Nd,Pr)12(FeCoZr)82B6粘结磁体的制备

采用过快淬加晶化退火处理的方法,研究了含有Pr的近正分快淬(Nd,Pr)12(FeCoZr)82B6粘结磁体制备工艺,粘结出的磁体磁性能为:Br=0.669T,Hci=811kA·m-1,Hcb=434kA·m-1,(BH)m=75kJ·m-3。合金快淬态的组成和显微结构、晶化退火温度、晶化退火时间直接影响磁体的磁性能,以24m·s-1速度快淬,并在655℃退火10min,可获得最佳磁性能。实验制备的粘结快淬(Nd,Pr)12(FeCeZr)82B6磁体(密度6 1g·cm-3)磁性能为:Br=0 669T,Hci=811kA·m-1,Hcb=434kA·m-1,(BH)m=75kJ·m-3     

Cu含量对Ni-Cu-P化学镀层组织结构和性能影响

利用化学镀法制备出Ni-Cu-P合金镀层,研究了镀液中CuSO4·5H2O含量对合金镀层沉积速率和成分的影响. 通过XRD和SEM表征了不同CuSO4·5H2O质量浓度下Ni-Cu-P合金镀层的组织结构和表面形貌,运用极化曲线评价了合金镀层在质量分数为3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性能. 结果表明,随着镀液中CuSO4·5H2O质量浓度的增加,镀层沉积速率和P含量不断下降,Ni-P镀层中P的质量分数为14.98%. 当镀液中CuSO4·5H2O质量浓度为1.0 g/L时,P的质量分数为4.21%;镀层中Cu的含量随着镀液中CuSO4·5H2O含量的增加而增加. 当添加量为1.0 g/L时,镀层中Cu的质量分数达19.04%;镀层的结晶度随着Cu含量的上升不断增大,Cu的加入使镀层的表面形貌更加光滑;镀层的耐蚀性能随着镀液中CuSO4·5H2O含量的增加先上升后下降,当镀液中CuSO4·5H2O质量浓度为0.4 g/L时,Ni-Cu-P镀层表现出最优的耐蚀性能.     

柠檬酸盐-氨体系化学镀Ni-B合金的研究

本文研究了柠檬酸盐-氨体系化学镀Ni-B合金的镀液成份和沉积条件对沉积速度和镀层含硼量的影响,确定了镀液的最佳组成和条件为:NiSO₄·7H₂O 40g/l,H₃BO₃ 30g/l,NH₄C130g/l,柠檬酸三铵20g/l,二甲氨基硼烷4g/l,pH9.5～10.0,45℃.测定了镀层的性能。该镀层的接触电阻约为0.126Ω,与银的相近。XPS和AES的研究结果表明,Ni-B镀层由Ni₂B合金和Ni组成,但其表面有部分Ni(Ⅱ)和B(Ⅲ)存在。     

Ni-P-Zn_3(PO_4)_2(ZnSnO_3、ZnSiO_3)纳米复合化学镀层性质和组成的研究

研究了温度、时间、浓度等对 A3钢片上 Ni-P-Zn3(PO4)2、 Ni-P-ZnSnO3和 Ni-P-ZnSiO3纳米复合化学镀层外貌的影响。用扫描电子显微镜（ SEM）观察外貌;称重法测定厚度;通过 10％ NaCl溶液、 1％ H2S气体加速腐蚀试验、 10％ CuSO4溶液点滴试验等多种手段测定其耐腐蚀性能;用 X-射线光电子谱 (XPS)及俄歇电子能谱 (AES)测定其价态及组成。结果表明：在最佳施镀条件下,可得光亮、致密、耐腐蚀性强于 A3钢、磷化膜及 Ni-P镀层的纳米复合化学镀层。镀层的原子百分组成约为 (％ )： Ni-P-Zn3(PO4)2： Ni 70.00,P 12.47,Zn3(PO4)2 13.93,C 3.6; Ni-P-ZnSnO3： Ni 77.56,P 10.00,ZnSnO3 9.84,C 2.6; Ni-P-ZnSiO3： Ni 83.00,P 10.96,ZnSiO3 5.15,C 0.89。     

5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲在化学镀铜中的作用

在以酒石酸钾钠和乙二胺四乙酸二钠为双配位剂、 甲醛为还原剂的化学镀铜液中, 研究了5,5-二甲基乙内酰脲(DMH)在化学镀铜中的作用. 化学镀铜实验结果表明, DMH提高了镀液的稳定性; 扫描电子显微镜(SEM)结果表明, DMH使镀层颗粒尺寸减小, 镀层光亮致密; 紫外-可见光谱结果表明, DMH在镀液中与Cu(II)不发生强配位作用; 线性伏安扫描结果表明, DMH在化学镀铜过程中能抑制Cu⁺的产生或促进Cu⁺快速还原, 降低甲醛的氧化速率; X射线衍射(XRD)结果表明, 在含和不含DMH化学镀铜液中, 得到的铜镀层均呈现面心立方混晶结构的特征, 且未出现Cu₂O夹杂衍射峰.     

不同材料表面纳米复合化学镀层镍-磷-硅酸锌的XPS和AES分析

对Q235碳钢片和D310硅钢片表面表面镍－磷－硅酸锌纳米复合化学镀层，用SEM观察外貌，称重法测定厚度；10％NaCl、1％H2S加速腐蚀试验，10％CuSO4溶液点滴试验循环伏安（CV）、抗粘性及抗高温氧化试验等测定其性能。用X－射线电子谱（XPS）及俄歇电子能谱（AES）测定其价态及组成。结果表明其性能优镍－磷镀层和其它微米复合化学镀层，表面的镀层Q235碳钢片优于D310硅钢片表面的镀层，镀层的原子百分组成为：D235碳钢片：Ni79.00,P10.06,Zn2.01,Si1.88,O5.87,C1.18;D310硅钢片：Ni80.50,P10.67,Zn1.70,Si1.52,O4.83,C0.78.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

A general and convenient synthesis of 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones and their use in amidoalkylation of hydrogen,heteroatom, and carbon nucleophiles

A general synthesis of previously unknown semicarbazone-based α-amidoalkylating reagents, 4-(tosylmethyl)semicarbazones, has been developed. The synthesis involved three-component condensation of semicarbazones of aliphatic or aromatic aldehydes with the same or other aldehydes and p-toluenesulfinic acid. The scope and limitations of this reaction were investigated. The compounds obtained were demonstrated to be an efficient α-(4-semicarbazono)alkylating agents. They were reacted with H- (sodium borohydride), O- (sodium methylate), S- (sodium phenylthiolate), N- (pyrrolidine, sodium succinimide), P- (trialkyl phosphites), and C-nucleophiles (sodium diethyl malonate) to give the corresponding products of the tosyl group substitution, 4-substituted semicarbazones, including analogues of nitrofurazone. Among the prepared compounds tested in vitro for antibacterial and antifungal activity, three nitrofuryl-containing semicarbazones exhibited high biological activities with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of 8–32 μg/mL.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Synthesis of novel chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-N-heterocyclic carbene ligands and their application in palladium-catalyzed Mizoroki–Heck couplings and asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde

A small library of new chiral bidentate hydroxyalkyl-imidazolium salts 1 is conveniently synthesized on multi-gram scale from inexpensive and commercially available chiral pool amino acids. The corresponding carbenes, generated by deprotonation of imidazolium salts 1, in combination with palladium(II) chloride were tested in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reaction. The most significant results in terms of yields and reactivities were achieved with low catalyst loading. The catalytic activities of these imidazolium salts were also investigated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehyde. The use of MgO nanoparticles as an additive in conjunction with these ligands played a crucial role in increasing the efficiency of these reactions.