用多粒子态进行量子信息分配

我们提出一个用五粒子态将量子信息分裂成几部分的方案.在这个过程中,如果有且只有接受者相互合作才能重建初始比特的态.我们所用的量子通道是Bell态和三比特GHZ态的组合态,这些态在实验上都是很容易制备的.这个方案对某些窃听攻击来说是安全的.而且,它还可以用来实现控制的量子隐形传态.     

三量子比特纠缠Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态和W态的量子线路实现

两个简单的量子线路被提出分别用来制备三量子比特Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger(GHZ)态和W态。众所周知,任意的多量子比特门都可以由受控非门和单量子比特门复合而成。同样,我们发现三量子比特GHZ态和W态也可以由受控非门和单量子比特门来制备。因此,从量子计算的角度来看我们的方案十分重要。由于在整个过程只用到了单量子比特操作和双量子比特操作,所以我们的方案在实验中很容易实现。     

用多粒子态进行量子信息分配

我们提出一个用五粒子态将量子信息分裂成几部分的方案。在这个过程中,如果且只有接受者相互合作才能重建初始比特的态。我们所用的量子通道是Bell太和三比特GHZ态的组合态,这些态在实验上都是很容易制备的。这个方案对某些窃听攻击来说是安全的。而且,它还可以用来实现控制的量子隐形传态。     

腔QED中相位协变量子克隆机的实现及纠错

应用N个二能级原子和单模真空腔场相互作用,提出了一个1→2的相位协变量子克隆机的方案.同时,基于这种克隆机,我们也提出了量子纠错方案,考虑了由相位和比特反转错误所产生的消相干影响,通过对后两个比特位进行Bell测量,并沿着合适的轴旋转第一比特,就可以恢复初始态.     

基于操作腔外原子比特控制腔内原子比特相干性时间演化

考虑初始处于两类Bell态的两原子比特,将其中一个注入真空态腔中发生共振相互作用的情况,研究基于操作腔外原子比特控制腔内原子比特相干性时间演化.考察对腔外原子比特施Hadamard(H)门,H类门,Y门及位相门四种逻辑门操作及态选择测量前后,腔内原子比特约化密度矩阵非对角元时间演化曲线,讨论两类Bell态之间的关联性.结果表明,对腔外原子比特操作前,腔内原子比特密度矩阵非对角元在任意时刻都为零,总是处于混合态或经典态,因此始终退相干.而对腔外原子比特施H门和H类门操作及基态测量后,腔内原子比特密度矩阵非对角元呈现周期为2π的时间演化,除(2n+1)π/2时刻外,其相干性得到恢复;在nπ时刻,其最大相干叠加态和一般相干叠加态被制备;两类Bell态之间存在R∧(π/2)旋转关联性.而对腔外原子比特施Y门及位相门操作后,腔内原子比特的相干性得不到恢复.发现腔内原子比特的相干性得到恢复的必要条件是,逻辑门操作能够调节腔内原子比特与环境的相互作用,并使两原子比特与场分离的同时,它们之间形成强相干性的纠缠态分布.     

用弱交叉Kerr非线性实现光子极化纠缠Bell态的完全区分

基于相干态和信号位的光子数态与弱交叉Kerr非线性相互作用后,会在相干态上产生相位变化,并结合极化分束器构造了一个奇偶校验测量装置. 用零差探测器对相干态的相位变化进行测量,实现对Bell态的非破坏区分. 再利用控制非门和斜置的极化分束器对两信号位光子进行控制非操作和单光子测量,完成对四个Bell态的完全区分. 用到的弱交叉Kerr非线性增加了区分方案在实验上实现的可行性.     

用弱交叉Kerr非线性实现光子极化纠缠Bell态的完全区分

基于相干态和信号位的光子数态与弱交叉Kerr非线性相互作用后,会在相干态上产生相位变化,并结合极化分束器构造了一个奇偶校验测量装置.用零差探测器对相干态的相位变化进行测量,实现对Bell态的非破坏区分.再利用控制非门和斜置的极化分束器对两信号位光子进行控制非操作和单光子测量,完成对四个Bell态的完全区分.用到的弱交叉Kerr非线性增加了区分方案在实验上实现的可行性.     

基于五粒子团簇态的可控量子安全直接通信

提出了一个利用五粒子团簇态实现的可控量子安全直接通信方案.在这一方案中,首先信息发送者Alice、信息接收者Bob和控制者Charlie共享由Alice制备的一有序序列团簇态作为量子信道;在确定量子信道的安全性以后,Alice制备编码量子态(Bell态)序列,然后通过对自己手中的粒子进行Bell基测量,接着Charlie对自己手中的粒子进行单粒子的测量,就能把信息传送给接收者Bob;最后,Bob测量自己手中的粒子,并通过分析三人的测量结果,从而获得Alice要传送的信息.在我们提出的方案中,携带信息的粒子不需要在公共信道上传输.该文中,我们给出了方案的安全性分析,证明了我们的方案是决定性的和安全的.在未来,我们的方案在以目前的实验技术为基础条件下很可能得到实现.     

基于弱非线性实现非破坏性测量两光子Bell态及三光子Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态

基于弱非线性及线性光学元件提出非破坏性测量两光子Bell态及三光子 Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ)态方案. 方案中, 首先应用光束分束器及交叉克尔非线性介质对两光子Bell态进行对称性分析, 进而结合控制非门提出三光子分析方案实现对八个三光子GHZ态完全且非破坏性区分. 关键词： Bell态测量 Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger态测量 弱非线性 量子非破坏性测量     

基于五粒子团簇态实现经济和简单的二粒子任意态的可控隐形传态(英文)

通过对五粒子团簇态新应用的研究,提出了一个经济和简单的二粒子任意态的可控隐形传态方案.在这个方案中,发送者(Alice)、控制者(Charlie)和接收者(Bob)共享一个五粒子团簇态,发送者只需要执行Bell基测量,而控制者也仅需要执行单粒子投影测量.接受者根据发送者和控制者的测量结果,对自己拥有的粒子做适当的幺正变换,就可以重建发送者的二粒子任意态.这个可控隐形传态方案是决定性的,成功的概率为100%.与使用相同的量子信道进行二粒子任意态的可控隐形传送方案相比,不需要执行多粒子的联合测量,从而使得这个方案更加简单.     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.     

Fiber Modal Index Measurements Based on Fiber Gratings

A novel method based on fiber gratings for measuring the effective indices of fiber modes is proposed. The effective index difference between the core mode and a cladding mode was obtained by analyzing the interference fringe of a pair of cascaded long-period fiber gratings. In order to extract the core mode index from the measured index difference, an index matching oil immersion method is proposed. By analyzing the interaction between the cladding mode and the oil applied on the cladding surface, the mode order and the effective index of the involved cladding mode might be calculated. Experimental results about the interference fringe shifts induced by the oil index and the oil-applied length are also presented.     

Optical Pulse Compression Schemes That Use Nonlinear Bragg Gratings

Nonlinear optical pulse compression of picosecond pulses typically requires long lengths of optical fiber and multiple components. Periodic structures, such as fiber Bragg gratings, are highly dispersive at wavelengths outside of the photonic bandgap. This implies that such gratings can be used as very short all-fiber compressors. In this paper a number of such compression schemes are reviewed involving uniform and nonuniform fiber Bragg gratings, relying on both soliton and nonsoliton compression principles. Experimental results supporting the corresponding underlying theory are also presented. Finally, an extension of one of the compression schemes is shown, which allows the generation of adjustable high-repetition rate soliton trains.