人血清白蛋白共振RayIeigh光散射检测氟离子

通过研究F^-离子对人血清白蛋白(HSA)溶液共振Rayleigh光散射(RLS)的增强效应,建立一种基于生物蛋白RLS增强测定环境中氟离子的新型检测方法。实验条件为λex=λem=368nm,pH=5．80,t=32℃。结果表明,应用含氟离子溶液与空白溶液在368nm处RLS差值(△／),标准曲线法测定样品中的氟离子,方法线性范围为4．78～16．2μg／mL,r=0．992,检出限为1．43μg／mL。方法精密度(RSD为1．31％～5．72％)和准确度(回收率R为91％～109％)较好。     

固相萃取液相色谱编程荧光法测定水质中的4-氟苯胺和联苯胺

建立了固相萃取-液相色谱编程荧光法同时测定水中4-氟苯胺和联苯胺的分析方法。采用Cleanert-PCX阳离子交换固相萃取柱富集水中的4-氟苯胺和联苯胺,用5%氨水-甲醇洗脱,以乙腈-水(内含10 mmol/L的乙酸铵溶液)(20/80,V/V)为流动相,采用液相色谱荧光检测器(4-氟苯胺λex/λem=286 nm/354 nm,联苯胺λex/λem=292 nm/395 nm)分析。4-氟苯胺和联苯胺在2.0~200μg/L和1.0~100μg/L范围内,相关系数均大于0.999,方法检出限分别为0.02μg/L和0.01μg/L。在3个浓度水平加标的平均回收率为75.2%~104%,相对标准偏差在2.1%~7.6%之间。     

导数分光光度法同时测定叶绿素a和叶绿素b

1 引言 本文采用一阶导数分光光度法同时测定叶绿素(Chl)a和b,检测下限分别为14.3ng/ml和37.8ng/ml,测定范围分别为0.5～20μg/ml和0.5～10μg/ml,相对标准偏差分别为1.01%和1.44％。 2 方法要点 取适量Chl a或Chl b的90％丙酮溶液,在美国Beckman DU-7HS型分光光度计上以600nm/min的扫描速度绘制吸收光谱,并转换成一阶导数谱图(△λ=4)。由该谱图可知,Chl b在467.0nm处有一个导数     

高效液相色谱同时测定鸡蛋中4种氟喹诺酮类药物残留

建立了固相萃取—反相高效液相色谱同时分析鸡蛋样品中4种氟喹诺酮类药物残留量的方法。对鸡蛋样品的提取及其在C18固相萃取柱上的净化条件进行了研究,采用高效液相色谱分离,荧光检测器检测(λex=280nm,λem=450nm),外标法定量。4种沙星标准曲线的线性回归系数均在0．9999以上,环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、沙拉沙星的线性范围为2．5～500μg／L;达诺沙星为0．5～100μg/L。鸡蛋样品中4种沙星的加标回收率为78．1％～95．7％;相对标准偏差为4．1％～16．2％。环丙沙星、恩诺沙星、沙拉沙星的最低检出限为10μg／kg;达诺沙星的最低检出限为2μg/kg。     

同步荧光法测定复方新诺明中磺胺甲基异噁唑和甲氧苄氨嘧啶的含量研究

本文采用同步荧光技术对复方新诺明中有效成份磺胺甲基异噁唑和甲氧苄氨嘧啶进行测定,在△λ分别为72nm和94nm的条件下,测定样品中所含有效成份相当于标示量的95.12％～105.68％;回收率为95.5％～98.1％;线性范围磺胺甲基异噁唑为0.125～4.00μg/ml。甲氧苄氨嘧啶为0.125～3.00μg/ml;相关系数分别为0.9976和0.9978.不经分离和掩蔽直接连续测定,效果良好。     

双波长光度法同时测定水中微量铁和铜

提出了以5 Br PADAP为显色剂,在pH3.0的缓冲溶液中,用双波长光度法同时测定=590.水中微量铁和铜的最佳条件。选择的测定铁和铜的波长对分别为λFe1=503.5nm,λFe2=555.0nm,服从比耳定律的线性范围和检出限分别为0～16μg/25ml和0nm,λCu1=604.0nm,λCu20～24μg/25ml,0.008和0.006μg·ml-1,加标回收率分别为89.2%～105.4%和88.4%～102.0%。通过测定不同的水样,结果满意。     

超高压液相色谱荧光检测法快速测定水中痕量苯胺与联苯胺

建立了直接进样/超高压液相色谱荧光检测法快速分析水中苯胺和联苯胺的新方法。通过研究流动相、水样pH值、水样电导率和滤器材质的影响,确定了最优化的实验方案。水样直接通过0.22μm微孔滤膜(聚四氟乙烯材质)过滤,以乙腈-3.85 g/L醋酸铵(25∶75)为流动相,荧光检测器(苯胺λex/λem=232nm/329 nm,联苯胺λex/λem=292 nm/383 nm)在0.8 min内完成分析。苯胺和联苯胺在1.0～100.0μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0.999,仪器精密度(n=10)分别为0.4%和0.5%,方法检出限(S/N=3)分别为0.023μg/L和0.024μg/L,方法定量下限(S/N=10)为0.078μg/L和0.079μg/L,方法回收率为86%～106%。该方法具有前处理简单、方法检出限低、分析速度快等优点,适用于水体中苯胺和联苯胺的快速检测。     

十二烷基苯磺酸钠-吖啶橙体系的共振光散射和二级散射光谱及其分析应用

研究了阴离子表面活性剂(AS)十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)与吖啶橙(AO)作用的共振光散射(RLS)、二级散射(SOS)和反二级散射(ASOS)光谱, 并建立了AO共振光散射法和SOS、ASOS法水相直接测定环境水样中AS的新方法。结果表明: (1) 在pH 1.8~4.0的范围内, 加入SDBS导致AO共振光散射剧烈增强, 在λem=λex=537nm处, 存在一RLS峰, 其强度与SDBS的浓度成线性关系, 据此建立了一种测定水中AS(以SDBS计)的RLS法。在2.5×10-5 mol/L的AO存在下, 方法的线性范围为0.028~8.71 mg/L, 检出限为8.36μg/L。用该法测定了环境水样中的AS, 结果满意。(2) 当λem=321 nm,λex=642 nm时, 在0.014~8.71 mg/L含量范围内,ΔIASOS 与溶液中物质的浓度成正比, 线性相关系数为0.993, 检出限为4.31μg/L; 当λem= 642 nm, λex= 321 nm时, 在0.050~8.71 mg/L范围内,ΔISOS 与溶液中物质的浓度成正比, 线性相关系数为0.993, 检出限为14.9μg/L。     

水杨醛缩5,7-二溴-8-氨基喹啉荧光光度法 测定粮食中的痕量锌

合成了新型息夫碱类试剂水杨醛5,7－二溴－8－氨基喹啉,建立了该试剂荧光光度法测定痕量锌（Ⅱ）的新体系,在pH5-6范围内,50％（V／V）乙醇的溶液中,试剂与锌（Ⅱ）的络事比为2：1,λem=400nm/475nm,线笥范围为0－288μg/L,检出限为1.4μg/L,考察了共存离子的影响,已应用于粮食中痕量锌的测定。     

利血平的光化学荧光特性及其应用

在10％HAc介质中,利血平经紫外光照射时,其光化学反应产物具有强烈荧光(λ_(ax)=385 nm,λ_(ax)=490 nm)。利血平浓度在0.01～0.30μg/ml范围内,荧光强度与浓度呈良好的线性关系,由此建立了利血平的光化学荧光测定法。方法的检出限为1.3 ng/ml,相对标准偏差为1.6％。本法简便快速且灵敏度高,可用于片剂及注射液中利血平含量的测定。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.