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实验构型分析是定量分析和频振动光谱的基础.变换实验构型,不仅要考虑某一振动模式信号强度的大小,还要考虑不同构型下的信号检测效率.现有的和频振动光谱实验构型分析主要考虑前者.本文探讨实验构型分析中所涉及的信号检测效率问题,模拟在共向式和频(差频)及对射式和频(差频)振动光谱实验中选取何种实验构型对采集信号光更加合理有效.利用相干光学过程能量守恒和动量守恒原理,分析了入射角及入射光频率等因素对信号出射角的影响,并模拟了信号出射角与入射角及入射光频率的关系,得到了可选的入射角组合最多、出射角随入射光频率变化最小的实验构型.结果表明,和频振动光谱采取共向式实验构型,差频振动光谱采取对射式实验构型,有利于信号采集,进而有利于用实验构型分析方法对和频(差频)振动光谱进行定量研究. 相似文献
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采用红外-可见和频振动光谱研究了表面包覆油酸分子的Fe3O4纳米颗粒, 得到了2种实验构型(构型1: 可见光入射角63°, 红外光入射角55°; 构型2: 可见光入射角45°, 红外光入射角55°)和3种偏振组合(ssp, ppp, sps)下的和频振动光谱, 比较了2种实验构型下和频光谱的特征, 通过偏振分析方法对各个光谱峰进行了归属. 相似文献
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朱仁龙;裴权炳;谈军军;郑晓萱;叶树集 《化学物理学报(中文版)》2022,35(5):738-746
在单纳米晶和系综水平上探测有机-无机杂化钙钛矿纳米晶的分子结构对于理解其与尺寸相关的光电特性以及纳米晶体组装机制至关重要,但目前实现该探测依然存在很大的挑战性. 本文首次证明飞秒和频振动光谱可以提供一种高灵敏的探测工具用于探测单纳米晶上与玻尔直径(约10 nm)相当的纳米晶分子结构. 利用(R-MBA)PbBr3和(R-MBA)2PbI4纳米晶(MBA:甲基苄胺)中苯基的光谱特征来监测和频信号,发现在系综水平上,和频谱图在3067(±3) cm-1(υ2模)处有一个很强的共振峰,在3045(±4) cm-1(υ7a模)处有一个弱的肩膀峰;而在单纳米晶水平上,主要由υ2模和在3025(±3)cm-1处的υ20b模组成. 单纳米晶水平的纳米晶颗粒倾向于平躺在表面. 而随系综数目和平均尺寸的增加,纳米晶逐渐竖立起来. 这一发现可能为依赖于纳米晶尺寸的光物理性质和光致发光闪烁动力学的结构起源提供有价值的信息. 相似文献
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利用和频振动光谱(SFG-VS)方法检测了5种短链脂肪酸分子(乙酸、丙酸、正丁酸、正戊酸及正己酸)在空气/纯液体界面的结构,得到了3种偏振组合(ssp,PPP,sps)下的和频振动光谱.通过偏振选择定则对各个谱峰进行了指认和分析,同时计算出空气/纯脂肪酸液体界面上脂肪酸分子的甲基取向角.对比发现,从丙酸到己酸,分子甲基基团的界面取向角随碳链的增长略有增大.并对其机理进行了分析. 相似文献
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和频振动光谱已被广泛用于表征各种界面. 然而,对于某些界面,如担载粉末颗粒的界面,由于粉末会散射和频振动光谱信号使得光谱难以准确测量,获取高信噪比的和频振动光谱信号成为了一个巨大的挑战. 本文发展了一种新的方法,在和频振动测量时,使用一片$ z $切的$ mathrm{alpha} $-石英晶体作为基底,担载少量催化剂粉末样品. 该方法不仅可以通过石英晶体非共振电场的干涉放大界面颗粒上吸附分子的和频振动信号,并获得相位信息,还可以用于宽带红外和频振动光谱进行归一化. 通过分离不同偏振的和频振动信号,能够分离并同时收集手性和非手性的和频振动信号. 使用手性的和频振动信号来归一化非手性的和频振动强度,从而避免因担载物质到石英晶体上或由于不同时刻光的不稳定性引起的界面变化或者光重合差异. 本文通过测量担载有MoC纳米粒子的石英基底上CH$ _3 $OD的吸附来验证了本文的方法. 无论界面情况如何,都能获得高信噪比的和频振动光谱. 相似文献
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本文使用宽带和频光谱研究不同电位下碱性溶液中多晶金电极表面硫氰根离子(SCN-)的吸附行为. 在-1.1 V ~ 0.2 V(vs. SCE),C-N伸缩振动的Stark斜率的变化表明,随着电位正移,SCN-在金电极表面从N端吸附变为S端吸附. 在较正电位下,C-N伸缩振动具有Fano线型. 这是因为金的费米能级随电位的正移而降低,和频过程中金的电子跃迁方式从带内跃迁(sp→sp)变为带间跃迁(d→sp),造成金基底与表面吸附SCN-和频信号的相对相位改变. 实验表明,通过研究和频光谱线型随电位的变化可以获取电极表面电子能级相对位置的信息. 相似文献
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探讨了5种二价金属离子对乳酸脱氢酶在辅酶NADH存在下转化丙酮酸为乳酸催化体系的影响、结果表明,Zn^2+,Ca^2+与LDH活性无影响,Mn^2+有抑制作用,而Cu^2+,Mg^2+在低浓度时有微弱的促进作用。 相似文献
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Cell membranes play a crucial role in many biological functions of cells. A small change in the composition of cell membranes can strongly influence the functions of membrane-associated proteins, such as ion and water channels, and thus mediate the chemical andphysical balance in cells. Such composition change could originate from the introduction of short-chain alcohols, or other anesthetics into membranes. In this work, we have applied sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS), supplemented by attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), to investigate interaction between methanol and 1,2-dimyristoyl-d54-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (d54-DMPC) lipid bilayers. Lipid's hydrocarbon interior is deuterated while its head group is hydrogenated. At the same time, CH3 symmetric stretch from methanol and lipid head amine group has different frequency, thus we can distinguish the behaviors of methanol, lipid head amine group, and lipid hydrocarbon interior. Based on the spectral feature of the bending mode of the water molecules replaced by methanol, we determined that the methanol molecules are intercalated into the region between amine and phosphate groups at the lipid hydrophilic head. The dipole of CH3 groups of methanol and lipid head, and the water O-H all adopt the same orientation directions. The introduction of methanol into the lipid hydrophilic head group can strongly perturb the entire length of the alkyl chains, resulting that the signals of CD3 and CD3 groups from both leaflets can not cancel each other. 相似文献
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以和频(SFG)振动光谱技术探测了正十二硫醇(DDT)在不同受限状态下的分子振动信号, 包括金属基底上的自组装单层(SAM)分子, 放置在二氧化硅基底上的表面DDT化的金纳米粒子以及金纳米粒子的甲苯溶液. 在三种状态下都探测到了来自于DDT分子的振动光谱, 振动光谱的区别提供了在不同受限态下DDT分子的结构信息. 在金属基底上DDT分子排列规整, 放置在二氧化硅基底上的金纳米粒子表面的DDT分子具有一定的柔性, 在空气-甲苯溶液界面金纳米粒子表面的DDT分子高度无序. 此外, 光谱实验显示, 金纳米粒子表面的分子振动信号产生了局域场增强的效应, 相对于金基底上的自组装单层分子而言, 增强系数为102-103, 取决于光谱的偏振组合. 相似文献
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以和频(SFG)振动光谱技术探测了正十二硫醇(DDT)在不同受限状态下的分子振动信号,包括金属基底上的自组装单层(SAM)分子,放置在二氧化硅基底上的表面DDT化的金纳米粒子以及金纳米粒子的甲苯溶液.在三种状态下都探测到了来自于DDT分子的振动光谱,振动光谱的区别提供了在不同受限态下DDT分子的结构信息.在金属基底上DDT分子排列规整,放置在二氧化硅基底上的金纳米粒子表面的DDT分子具有一定的柔性,在空气-甲苯溶液界面金纳米粒子表面的DDT分子高度无序.此外,光谱实验显示,金纳米粒子表面的分子振动信号产生了局域场增强的效应,相对于金基底上的自组装单层分子而言,增强系数为102-103,取决于光谱的偏振组合. 相似文献
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The C-H stretch vibrational spectra of the trisiloxane superspreading surfactant Silwet L-77((CH3)3Si-O-Si(CH3)(C3H6)(OCH2CH2)7-8OCH3)-O-Si(CH3)3) at the air/water interface are measured with the surface Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy (SFG-VS). The spectra are dominated with the features from the –Si-CH3 groups around 2905 cm-1 (symmetric stretch or SS mode) and 2957 cm-1 (mostly the asymmetric stretch or AS mode), and with the weak but apparent contribution from the -O-CH2- groups around 2880 cm-1 (symmetric stretch or SS mode). Comparison of the polarization dependent SFG spectra below and above the critical aggregate or micelle concentration (CAC) indicates that the molecular orientation of the C¡H related molecular groups remained unchanged at different surface densities of the Silwet L-77 surfactant. The SFG-VS adsorption isotherm suggested that there was no sign of Silwet L-77 bilayer structure formation at the air/water interface. The Gibbs adsorption free energy of the Silwet surfactant to the air/water interface is -42.2±0.8kJ/mol, indicating the unusually strong adsorption ability of the Silwet L-77 superspreading surfactant 相似文献
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《化学物理学报(中文版)》2024,37(6)
碳酸乙烯酯因其出色的电化学性能而成为锂离子电池的重要电解质.碳酸丙烯酯与碳酸乙烯酯仅有一个甲基取代基不同,但其性能明显较差.在分子层面上,碳酸乙烯酯和碳酸丙烯酯之间的差异仍然不为人所理解.本文利用多偏振飞秒宽带和频振动光谱研究锂电池充放电循环过程中电极-电解质界面的物理化学过程.利用单层石墨烯作为工作电极,观察到碳酸乙烯酯和碳酸丙烯酯在电极表面上的不同反应结果.碳酸乙烯酯的界面反应只发生在第一个充放电循环中,而碳酸丙烯酯的界面反应则随着充放电循环持续进行,从而从分子水平上揭示了碳酸乙烯酯与碳酸丙烯酯性能差异机理.该研究将有助于加深对电池界面反应的理解以及指导高性能锂离子电池的设计. 相似文献
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Ethylene carbonate (EC) is an important electrolyte used in lithium-ion batteries due to its excellent electrochemical performance. However, propylene carbonate (PC) differs from EC by only one methyl substituent and exhibits markedly poor properties. The EC-PC disparity is still poorly understood at the molecular level. In this study, we demonstrated that femtosecond broadband sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) with simultaneous measurement of multiple polarization combinations provides a powerful probe for investigating the physicochemical processes at the electrode-electrolyte interface during the charge-discharge cycles of lithium batteries. Using monolayer graphene as the working electrode, we observed the distinct reaction outcomes of EC and PC on the electrode surface. The interfacial reaction of EC occurred only in the first charge-discharge cycle, while the interfacial reaction of PC was ongoing along with the charge-discharge cycles, which explains why EC is a better electrolyte choice than PC. This study provides direct experimental evidence in elucidating the differences in interfacial performance between EC and PC, facilitating a deeper understanding of battery interface reactions and guiding the design of high-performance lithium-ion batteries. 相似文献
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The constructive or destructive spectral interference between the molecular groups oriented up and down at the interface in the sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectra provides a direct measurement of the absolute orientation of these molecular groups. This simple approach can be employed to interrogate absolute molecular orientations other than using the complex absolute phase measurement in the SFG studies. We used the -CN group in the p-cyanophenol (PCP) molecule as the internal phase standard, and we measured the phases of the SFG fields of the -CN groups in the 3,5-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile (35DMHBN) and 2,6-dimethyl-4-hydroxy-benzonitrile (26DMHBN) at the air/water interface by measuring the SFG spectra of the aqueous surfaces of the mixtures of the PCP, 35DMHBN, and 26DMHBN solutions. The results showed that the 35DMHBN had its -CN group pointing into the aqueous phase; while the 26DMHBN, similar to the PCP, had its -CN group pointing away from the aqueous phase. The tilt angles of the -CN group for both the 35DMHBN and 26DMHBN molecules at the air/water interface were around 25°-45° from the interface normal. These results provided insights on the understanding of the detailed balance of the competing factors, such as solvation of the polar head groups, hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic effects, etc., on influencing the absolute molecular orientation at the air/water interface. 相似文献
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Characterization of real-time and ultrafast motions of the complex molecules at surface and interface is critical to understand how interfacial molecules function. It requires to develop surface-sensitive, fast-identification, and time-resolved techniques. In this study, we employ several key technical procedures and successfully develop a highly sensitive femtosecond time-resolved sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) system. This system is able to measure the spectra with two polarization combinations (ssp and ppp, or psp and ssp) simultaneously. It takes less than several seconds to collect one spectrum. To the best of our knowledge, it is the fastest speed of collecting SFG spectra reported by now. Using the time-resolved measurement, ultrafast vibrational dynamics of the N-H mode of α-helical peptide at water interface is determined. It is found that the membrane environment does not affect the N-H vibrational relaxation dynamics. It is expected that the time-resolved SFG system will play a vital role in the deep understanding of the dynamics and interaction of the complex molecules at surface and interface. Our method may also provide an important technical proposal for the people who plan to develop time-resolved SFG systems with simultaneous measurement of multiple polarization combinations. 相似文献