Remote acoustic cloaks

Due to the correspondence of the acoustic equations to Maxwell??s equations of one polarization in two dimensions, we exploit theoretically the acoustic counterpart of the recently proposed remote invisibility cloak. The cloak consists of a circular cylindrical core with designed bulk moduli, and an ??anti-object?? embedded inside a shell with anisotropic mass densities. The material parameters of the cloaking shells are obtained by using the coordinate transformation method. The essence of the new design of cloaks relies on the ability that the cloaked object is no longer deafened by the cloaking shell, which is verified by both the far-field and near-field full-wave finite-element simulations in two dimensions.     

All-Angle Self-Collimation-Based Invisibility Cloaking in 2D Square Lattice Photonic Crystals

Here, a two-dimensional (2D) hole-type square lattice photonic crystal is shown to achieve invisibility cloaking based on all-angle self-collimation. The proposed structure, which is composed of the high-refraction-index dielectric material PbTe (n_PbTe ≈ 6), is applicable in the mid-infrared (mid-IR) frequency range. The cloaking region is capable of hiding any object of any shape and size since the incoming wave does not interact with the cloaked object. The optimization process and the functionality of the proposed structure are investigated by equal frequency contour analysis and the finite difference time domain (FDTD) method.     

Carpet Cloak Design for Rough Surfaces

Conventional carpet cloak structures have been utilized to conceal the objects located on a planar perfect electric conductor surface. We systematically investigate hiding arbitrarily shaped objects on a rough surface, as a more general and practical scenario. In addition, the required cloak is designed considering different boundary conditions for the surface beneath the object, despite the previous studies. To achieve an invisibility cloak, taking advantage of linear coordinate transformation, a simple homogeneous material is obtained to realize the cloak structure, facilitating the fabrication processes. Numerical simulations validate the performance of the proposed cloaking method. Therefore, the proposed structure is capable of cloaking in more general and complicated scenarios.     

Cylindrical invisibility cloak with simplified material parameters is inherently visible

It was proposed that perfect invisibility cloaks can be constructed for hiding objects from electromagnetic illumination [J. B. Pendry, D. Schurig, and D. R. Smith, Science 312, 1780 (2006)10.1126/science.1125907]. The cylindrical cloaks experimentally demonstrated [D. Schurig, Science 314, 977 (2006)10.1126/science.1133628] and theoretically proposed [W. Cai, Nat. Photon. 1, 224 (2007)10.1038/nphoton.2007.28] have however simplified material parameters in order to facilitate easier realization as well as to avoid infinities in optical constants. Here we show that the cylindrical cloaks with simplified material parameters inherently allow the zeroth-order cylindrical wave to pass through the cloak as if the cloak is made of a homogeneous isotropic medium, and thus visible. To all high-order cylindrical waves, our numerical simulation suggests that the simplified cloak inherits some properties of the ideal cloak, but finite scatterings exist.     

基于大数据分析的移动对象轨迹预测方法

对移动对象的轨迹预测将在移动目标跟踪识别中具有较好的应用价值。移动对象轨迹预测的基础是移动目标运动参量的采集和估计,移动目标的运动参量信息特征规模较大,传统的单分量时间序列分析方法难以实现准确的参量估计和轨迹预测。提出一种基于大数据多传感信息融合跟踪的移动对象轨迹预测算法。首先进行移动目标对象进行轨迹跟踪的控制对象描述和约束参量分析,对轨迹预测的大规模运动参量信息进行信息融合和自正整定性控制,通过大数据分析方法实现对移动对象运动参量的准确估计和检测,由此指导移动对象轨迹的准确预测,提高预测精度。仿真结果表明,采用该算法进行移动对象的运动参量估计和轨迹预测的精度较高,自适应性能较强,稳健性较好,相关的指标性能优于传统方法。     

Reciprocal invisibility cloak based on complementary media

The first invisibility cloak was proposed by Pendry et al. [Science 312, 1780 (2006)]. But the object enclosed in this original cloak is “blind", that is, it cannot see the outside world, since no electromagnetic waves can reach within the cloaked space. Based on the concept of complementary media, we propose a reciprocal invisibility cloak, in which the hidden object can see the outside world, but its presence cannot be detected by electromagnetic wave. The performance of the cloak has been verified by full-wave simulations.     

Broadband cross-circular polarization carpet cloaking based on a phase change material metasurface in the mid-infrared region

In view of the fact that most invisibility devices focus on linear polarization cloaking and that the characteristics of mid-infrared cloaking are rarely studied, we propose a cross-circularly polarized invisibility carpet cloaking device in the mid-infrared band. Based on the Pancharatnam–Berry phase principle, the unit cells with the cross-circular polarization gradient phase were carefully designed and constructed into a metasurface. In order to achieve tunable cross-circular polarization carpet cloaks, a phase change material is introduced into the design of the unit structure. When the phase change material is in amorphous and crystalline states, the proposed metasurface unit cells can achieve high-efficiency cross-polarization conversion, and reflection intensity can be tuned. According to the phase compensation principle of carpet cloaking, we construct a metasurface cloaking device with a phase gradient using the designed unit structure. From the near- and far-field distributions, the cross-circular polarization cloaking property is confirmed in the broadband wavelength range of 9.3–11.4 µm. The proposed cloaking device can effectively resist detection of cross-circular polarization.     

一种基于视频压缩的信息隐藏算法实现

基于当前流行的视频压缩技术,提出了一种变换域嵌入算法,并通过仿真实验检验了该算法的有效性。该算法以视频图像离散余弦变换（DCT）矩阵的矢量嵌入为基础,以DCT子块为信息嵌入基本载体,将信息隐藏与频域变换相结合,简化了压缩过程的运算量,同时也提高了隐藏的鲁棒性和透明性。     

A high capacity image steganography using multi-layer embedding

Until today, high-capacity is still one of important research parts in information hiding. After the secret information embedded is extracted, the demand for the image reversibility for the total recovery of the original object without any distortion goes high. This paper proposes a high capacity steganography using multilayer embedding (CRS), which can enhance the performance of information hiding system. The experimental results show the proposed CRS scheme has better performance than others. Moreover, the proposed CRS method can display the advantages of good quality image and low complexity of computation.     

CCD非可视区域下空间方位角检测方法

传统单目视觉系统在测量物体空间方位角方面存在一定的局限性,只能检测出视场范围内物体的空间方位角,对于不在CCD视场范围内物体的检测难以实现。为此,提出一种旋转矩阵法来测量非可视区域下物体的空间方位角。旋转矩阵法根据张正友标定法原理,通过对合作目标上的特征点进行识别标定处理,求出合作目标旋转轴空间方位角,间接求出物体在CCD非可视区域下的空间方位角。实验表明,该方法具有一定的可行性和稳定性,采用该方法计算出的物体空间方位角的均方根误差均不高于0.06。     

Numerical model of two-dimensional heterogeneous combustion in porous media under natural convection or forced filtration

A novel mathematical model and original numerical method for investigating the two-dimensional waves of heterogeneous combustion in porous media are proposed and described in detail. The mathematical model is constructed within the framework of the model of interacting interpenetrating continua and includes equations of state, continuity, momentum conservation and energy for solid and gas phases. Combustion, considered in the paper, is due to the exothermic reaction between fuel in the porous solid medium and oxidiser contained in the gas flowing through the porous object. The original numerical method is based on a combination of explicit and implicit finite-difference schemes. A distinctive feature of the proposed model is that the gas velocity at the open boundaries (inlet and outlet) of the porous object is unknown and has to be found from the solution of the problem, i.e. the flow rate of the gas regulates itself. This approach allows processes to be modelled not only under forced filtration, but also under free convection, when there is no forced gas input in porous objects, which is typical for many natural or anthropogenic disasters (burning of peatlands, coal dumps, landfills, grain elevators). Some two-dimensional time-dependent problems of heterogeneous combustion in porous objects have been solved using the proposed numerical method. It is shown that two-dimensional waves of heterogeneous combustion in porous media can propagate in two modes with different characteristics, as in the case of one-dimensional combustion, but the combustion front can move in a complex manner, and gas dynamics within the porous objects can be complicated. When natural convection takes place, self-sustaining combustion waves can go through the all parts of the object regardless of where an ignition zone was located, so the all combustible material in each part of the object is burned out, in contrast to forced filtration.     

Thermal Magnifier and Minifier

For thermal conduction cases,one can detect the size of an object explicitly by measuring the temperature distribution around it.If the temperature is the only signature we can obtain,we will give an incorrect judgment on the shape or size of the object by disturbing the distribution of it.According to this principle,in this article,we develop a transformation method and design a dual-functional thermal device,which can create a thermal illusion thai the object inside it"seems"to appear bigger or smaller than its original size.This device can functionally switch among magnifier and minifier at will.The proposed device consists of two layers:the cloak and the complementary material.A thermal cloak can make the internal region thermally"invisible"while the complementary layer offsets this effect.The combination leads to the illusion of magnification and minification.As a result of finite element simulations,the performances of the illusions are confirmed.     

在轨空间目标光学特性宏观表征模型的反演重构

为了在天基远距离条件下反演三轴稳定空间目标表面的光学特性参数,提出了基于可见光时序光度信号分析的光学特性宏观表征模型的反演重构方法.首先,综合考虑空间目标的结构特性、表面材料特性、帆板的对日指向运动特性、光照观测几何以及光学系统特性,完善了面向在轨观测的空间目标可见光时序光度建模方法;其次,将光度模型等效为双面模型,并利用双向反射分布函数(BRDF)的多级融合模型表征复杂材料表面的光学反射特性,将BRDF对应的面积反射率乘积作为待反演参数;最后,以时序光度信号的测量值与模型值之间的差异最小为优化目标,建立线性优化方法,实现模型参数的反演.仿真实验表明,提出的模型在轨重构方法对于近轨观测条件下的本体、帆板信号的重构精度达到97%以上,验证了方法的正确性.     

Quasi-invisible thermal cloak based on homogenous materials

Invisible thermal cloak, which cancels distortions of temperature distribution caused by objects, has many potential applications in thermal engineering. In this letter, we theoretically proposed and simulatively verified a new design method for quasi-invisible thermal cloak. Different from conventional transformation thermodynamics that focus on complete invisibility, our method only decreases the effective scale of objects to small enough and realizes a quasi-invisible cloaking effect in thermal conduction regime. However, this quasi-invisible cloak has the same effect as that of invisible thermal cloak in practical engineering. More important, our cloak is easy to construct by natural materials due to its homogenous thermal properties and can cloak objects with different shapes and properties. These characters make the clock more comfortable for engineering applications.     

面向对象分析的非结构化背景目标高光谱探测方法研究

针对非结构化背景探测器中背景协方差矩阵估计的局限性,提出了一种基于面向对象分析的高光谱小目标探测算法。首先对图像进行自适应迭代分割处理,将其划分为许多均质对象;然后进行正态最优分布选取,利用多元正态无偏检验选取最佳对象集;最后将此数据集合作为局部背景并结合GLR基准算法进行目标探测。该算法可以使局部背景最大化的服从正态分布,有效地将背景光谱信息和目标光谱信息分离开来,同时通过最优选取过程克服了目标信息“污染”问题。为了验证算法的有效性,利用真实的OMIS数据进行仿真实验,并与非结构化背景探测器GLR和基于K-Means聚类的改进GLR算法的检测结果比较,结果表明提出的算法具有良好的探测性能和较低的虚警概率。     

Illusion optics

The technique of “transformation optics” establishes a correspondence between coordinate transformation and material constitutive parameters. Most of the transformation optics mappings give metamaterials that have graded positive refractive indices that can steer light in curves defined by the coordinate transformation. We will focus on those “folded-geometry mappings” that give negative refractive index materials that have special wave scattering properties. One interesting example is a kind of remote illusion device that can transform the stereoscopic image of an object into the illusion of some other object of our choice. The conceptual device can create the illusion without touching or encircling the object. For any incident wave, the device transforms the scattered waves of the original object into that of the object chosen for illusion outside a virtual boundary. We will illustrate some possible applications of this type of metamaterial remote device, including “cloaking at a distance,” partial cloaking, cloaking from an embedded device, revealing a hidden object inside a container, turning the image of one object into that of another object, and seeing through a wall. The feasibility of building this remote illusion device by metamaterials will also be discussed.     

Phase‐preserved macroscopic visible‐light carpet cloaking beyond two dimensions

Transformation optics, a recent geometrical design strategy of light manipulation with both ray trajectories and optical phase controlled simultaneously, promises an invisibility cloaking device that can render a macroscopic object invisible even to a scientific instrument measuring optical phase. Recent “carpet” cloaks have extended their cloaking capability to broadband frequency ranges and macroscopic scales, but they only demonstrated the recovery of ray trajectories after passing through the cloaks, while whether the optical phase would reveal their existence still remains unverified. In this paper, a phase‐preserved macroscopic visible‐light carpet cloak is demonstrated in a geometrical construction beyond two dimensions. As an extension of previous two‐dimensional (2D) macroscopic carpet cloaks, this almost‐three‐dimensional carpet cloak exhibits three‐dimensional (3D) invisibility for illumination near its center (i.e. with a limited field of view), and its ideal wide‐angle invisibility performance is preserved in multiple 2D planes intersecting in the 3D space. Optical path length is measured with a broadband pulsed‐laser interferometer, which provides unique experimental evidence on the geometrical nature of transformation optics.

     

Semiderivative real filter for microoptical elements quality control

The article presents a proposal for a new method of automatic quality control of microlenses arrays, which is based on a semiderivative real filter. The use of the semiderivative filter for examining pure-phase objects involves modifying the spatial frequency. The basis of the proposed setup is a 4f correlator setup with coherent light. The phase object examined is placed in the input plane of the correlator. Next, the light passes through a filter located in the frequency plane, which gives an intensity signal. In the output plane a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera registers the light intensity, the range of which informs the shape of the phase object. The proposed method is shift invariant, so it allows for examination of single elements or a set of micro-optical elements simultaneously. Additionally, the same setup allows for measuring the phase of objects whose thickness is either considerably smaller or much bigger than 2π.     

Illusion optics

The technique of “transformation optics” establishes a correspondence between coordinate transformation and material constitutive parameters. Most of the transformation optics mappings give metamaterials that have graded positive refractive indices that can steer light in curves defined by the coordinate transformation. We will focus on those “folded-geometry mappings” that give negative refractive index materials that have special wave scattering properties. One interesting example is a kind of remote illusion device that can transform the stereoscopic image of an object into the illusion of some other object of our choice. The conceptual device can create the illusion without touching or encircling the object. For any incident wave, the device transforms the scattered waves of the original object into that of the object chosen for illusion outside a virtual boundary. We will illustrate some possible applications of this type of metamaterial remote device, including “cloaking at a distance,” partial cloaking, cloaking from an embedded device, revealing a hidden object inside a container, turning the image of one object into that of another object, and seeing through a wall. The feasibility of building this remote illusion device by metamaterials will also be discussed.