共查询到15条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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在电子密度中,可以假定存在一种能产生交换相关能的非局域空穴。通过该假定可将存在于局域密度理论中的电子自相互作用消除。由这种交换相关能所导出的非局域电子密度势具有两方面的作用:一方面会影响到由空穴产生的静电势;另一方面当空穴的大小和形状随其密度变化而引起能量变化时,它也会影响到描述这些变化的项。迄今为止,所有以往曾研究过此问题的国外学者都只考虑了前一方面的影响而忽略后一方面的作用。本文对包含这些项所引起的各种效应进行了全面而严格的检验,并采用了局域近似或完全忽略;若完全忽略会产生各种各样的无序波函数。本文证明对这些项可进行一般的局域估价,这种方法较之于精确处理要简便得多。
关键词: 相似文献
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在局域密度近似理论(LDA)和广义梯度近似理论(GGA)的基础上,用中性原子叠加的方法(ATSUP),理论上对亚铜的卤化物(CuF除外,因为它不是闪锌矿结构)及某些硼化物进行计算,计算结果与实验符合得很好;其次,计算了其他具有闪锌矿结构的众多晶体的正电子体寿命,得到的结果与其他文献计算的结果符合得较好,文中以CuCl晶体为例,给出了正电子在其中的势能分布,概率密度分布与湮没率分布;最后,这些系统性的正电子体寿命结果被拟合成晶格常数的函数,拟合结果与其他一些文献的结果做了比较.
关键词:
正电子体寿命
闪锌矿结构 相似文献
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首次用正电子湮灭寿命谱仪(PALS)测量SmFeAsO多晶样品常温下的寿命谱,得到两个寿命成分1516 ps和2903 ps,根据捕获模型得到正电子在SmFeAsO中湮灭的体寿命为1870 ps,与理论计算(广义梯度近似)得到的SmFeAsO单晶中的正电子体寿命173 ps符合较好.基于中性原子叠加模型-有限差分方法(SNA-FD)的理论计算得到正电子与单晶SmFeAsO中各个原子价电子的总湮灭率是其与各个原子核心内层电子总湮灭率的106倍,正电子与Fe,As,Sm,O原子的电子湮灭的概率之比是1∶13∶12∶1. 相似文献
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首次用正电子湮灭寿命谱仪(PALS)测量SmFeAsO多晶样品常温下的寿命谱,得到两个寿命成分1516 ps和2903 ps,根据捕获模型得到正电子在SmFeAsO中湮灭的体寿命为1870 ps,与理论计算(广义梯度近似)得到的SmFeAsO单晶中的正电子体寿命173 ps符合较好.基于中性原子叠加模型-有限差分方法(SNA-FD)的理论计算得到正电子与单晶SmFeAsO中各个原子价电子的总湮灭率是其与各个原子核心内层电子总湮灭率的106倍,正电子与Fe,As,Sm,O原子的电子湮灭的概率之比是1∶13∶12∶1.
关键词:
高温超导
正电子寿命 相似文献
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利用基于密度泛函理论框架下的局域密度近似方法对Ne-CH4分子间的相互作用势进行了计算. 发现: 当Ne原子和CH4分子之间的距离约为5.8 a.u.时, 计算的势能曲线存在最小值, 对应的势阱深度约为0.053 eV. 计算结果与实验值符合较好. 相似文献
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Relationship between positron bulk lifetime and lattice constants-research on NaCl-type crystals 下载免费PDF全文
The positron lifetimes of some compounds with NaCl-type crystal structure are calculated with the method of atomic superposition approximation (ATSUP) based on the theories of local-density-approximation (LDA) and generalgradient-approximation (GGA).The systematical results are fitted to a curve as a function of lattice constants.The positron bulk lifetimes of some other compounds with NaCl-type crystal structure,which are deduced from the systematical results,are in agreement with the experimental results given in other literature. 相似文献
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The application of artificial neural networks to the inversion of the positron lifetime spectrum 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1 下载免费PDF全文
A new method of processing positron annihilation lifetime spectra is proposed.It is based on an artificial neural network(ANN)-back propagation network(BPN).By using data from simulated positron lifetime spectra which are generated by a simulation program and tested by other analysis programs,the BPN can be trained to extract lifetime and intensity from a positron annihilation lifetime spectrum as an input.In principle,the method has the potential to unfold an unknown number of lifetimes and their intensities from a measured spectrum.So far,only a proof-of-principle type preliminary investigation was made by unfolding three or four discrete lifetimes.The present study aims to design the network.Besides,the performance of this method requires both the accurate design of the BPN structure and a long training time.In addition,the performance of the method in practical applications is dependent on the quality of the simulation model.However,the chances of satisfying the above criteria appear to be high.When appropriately developed,a trained network could be a very efficient alternative to the existing methods,with a very short identification time.We have used the artificial neural network codes to analyze data such as the positron lifetime spectra for single crystal materials and monocrystalline silicon.Some meaningful results are obtained. 相似文献
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以正电子寿命为探测对象的正电子湮没寿命谱技术在研究半导体等材料的微缺陷方面得到了广泛的应用,它对晶体的结构类型、缺陷种类以及温度等十分敏感,因此,理论上正电子寿命的快速精确计算与实验数据的结合分析显得尤为重要. 采用中性原子叠加模型、赝势方法和全势方法处理正电子局域势能,有限差分方法自洽求解正电子波函数,局域密度近似和广义梯度近似处理正电子电子关联势和增强因子,以体心立方结构的α-Fe、面心立方结构的Al和复式面心立方结构的Si三种单晶固体为例,分别计算了它们的正电子体寿命,计算值与相应的实验结果和其他计算结果均符合较好. 同时细致分析了这几种方法在电子密度网格点精度、正电子电子关联势和增强因子等方面对正电子体寿命计算的影响,探讨了这几种方法在计算正电子体寿命方面各自的优缺点.
关键词:
正电子体寿命
完美晶体
正电子电子关联势
增强因子 相似文献
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Positron lifetime has been measured as a function of temperature in Sidoped GaAs single crystals subjected to various heat
treatments. Defects produced by these heat treatments trap positrons. In all the GaAs samples containing defects positron
lifetime was found to decrease with temperature in the range from 375 K to 16 K. The decrease is explained as due to the decrease
in the trapping rate. The trapping rate is mainly controlled by the diffusion of the positron to the trap. The diffusion constant
is determined mainly by the scattering from charged Si impurities. 相似文献
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Self-consistent field method and non-self-consistent field method for calculating the positron lifetime 下载免费PDF全文
Many methods are used to calculate the positron lifetime,these methods could be divided into two main types.The first method is atomic superposition approximation method and the second one is the so called energy band calculation method.They are also known as the non-self-consistent field method and self-consistent field method respectively.In this paper,we first introduce the two basic methods and then,we take Si as an example and give our calculation results,these results coincide with our latest experimental results,finally,we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the two methods. 相似文献