石墨炉原子吸收法测定肼类推进剂叶九种金属杂质

建立了石墨炉原子吸收法测定肼类推进剂中锌、铁、铬、锰、铅、镍、铝、铜、钛等金属含量的检测方法，无需样品预处理过程，灵敏度高且快速、准确。各元素测定方法的精密度小于10％，回收率在82％－116％之间。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定铝矾土中微量铅

近年来,外商在订购铝矾土的合同中有些要求铅含量,但测定铝矾土中微量铅的方法至今未见报道,为此本文对铝矾土中微量铅的测定进行了研究,拟定了分析方法。该方法简便快速,结果令人满意。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定食品中痕量铅

样品经硝酸和高氯酸分解后，加入磷酸二氢铵作基体改进剂测定铅，方法快捷，准确，经济，精密度≤14％，回收率92％～104％，检出限0．4ng／mL，用于多种食品中铅的测定，结果令人满意。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定微量血清中铜

铜是人体必需的微量元素之一,对造血,细胞生长,某些酶的活性及内分泌功能等均有重要的作用.但大量吸收铜的粉尘,烟气及铜盐的气尘后,将引起急性中毒,此时血清铜可升高.此外中毒后的某些毒物也可使机体铜代谢紊乱.因此,测量血铜含量可作为某些疾病和某些含铜毒物中毒时临床诊断的参考指标.     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定红细胞锰

以１％Ｔｒｉｔｏｎ Ｘ－１００溶液稀红细胞成悬液，用日立１８０－８０型塞曼原子吸收分光光度计石墨炉原子化法测定其中的锰含量、由工作曲线校准，回收率在９７．０％－１０４．０％，重现性变异系数〈５．０％。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定生物材料中微量银

用浓硫酸将生物样品中与白蛋白结合的银离子游离出来,在硫酸-碘化钾-抗坏血酸介质中,用甲基异丁基酮萃取银和碘的络合物,用石墨炉原子吸收法测定微量银,方法简便,检出限低,线性范围为1～100ng·ml~(-1),回收率为88.8％～109.9％。     

平台石墨炉原子吸收法测定血清铬

介绍了用平台石墨炉原子吸收法测定血清铬的方法，详述了测定的实验条件，比较了平台石墨炉原子吸收法与火焰法、普通石墨管石墨炉原子吸收法测定血清铬的差异，提出以硝酸镁为基体改进剂，血清经酸处理后可使测定结果几乎无干扰，并测定７５名健康体检者，其参考范围为０．４７６－０．５９２μｇ／Ｌ。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定石脑油中微量砷

试样用四氢呋喃（THF）有机溶剂稀释,以硝酸镍为基体改进剂,研究采用石墨炉原子吸收法直接进样测定石脑油中的砷量。研究表明,砷量在0～50μg／L范围内线性关系良好,回收率93％～104％。     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定茶叶中的铅

采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定茶叶中铅,以NH4H2PO4作为基体改进剂,提高了测定的灰化温度,消除了基体干扰.方法简便,快速,准确度高.通过对标准物质的多次测定,结果均在其保证值范围内,相对标准偏差为2.8%.对样品进行加标回收试验,回收率为96%～105%,方法检出限为0.12μg/L.     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定3-苯基丙烯酸酯类化合物中微量钯

利用高灵敏的石墨炉原子吸收法,在V(HCl):V(HNO3):V(H2O)＝5:1:94混合酸介质中测定苯基丙烯酸酯类化合物中的钯量.已纯化样品钯量的平均值是6.76 μg/g,标准相对偏差是4.8%,平均回收率为99.3%;未纯化样品钯量的平均值是121.2 μg/g,平均相对偏差是5.4%.还讨论酸介质对测定钯吸光度的影响,通过比较找到了合适的酸介质组成.     

Effectiveness of linearization of calibration curves in Zeeman graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

A theoretical analysis is made of the effect of analytical line broadening and of non-absorbable radiation in the light source on the shape of concentration curves in Zeeman graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. These results have been used in a systematic study of the effect of spectrometer slit width and hollow-cathode lamp (HCL) current on linearization of calibration graphs for 11 elements: Ag, Au, Bi, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Sb. The effectiveness of linearization throughout the analytical range covered was estimated experimentally on series of 25–30 solutions. Three solutions in each series were used as standards for constructing the calibration graph, the others serving to evaluate the linearization effectiveness. Increasing the slit width and decreasing the HCL current compared to the standard measurement conditions have permitted us to reach a sufficiently high effectiveness of linearization for all the elements studied, with the exception of Ni. The maximum deviation of experimental points from the linear graph under optimum conditions does not exceed 6%. The effect of the Δ parameter used in the computational algorithm on linearization effectiveness is investigated.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定食盐中钡

建立了石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定食盐中钡的方法,不需要对石墨管做任何处理,也无需对样品进行除盐处理,通过优化石墨炉升温程序,极大改善了食盐样品中钡测定的灵敏度和峰型。钡在0.00~50.0 μg/L浓度范围呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数优于0.999,检出限为0.650 mg/kg(以称样量0.200 g,定容至50 mL计算)。食盐样品钡加标回收率范围为81.3%~105.1%,相对标准偏差在8.9%以内。方法稳定可靠,准确度较高,适用于食盐中钡的测定。     

Determination of trace impurities in aluminum nitride by direct solid sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

The trace impurities Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mn, Sb and Zn were determined in powdered aluminum nitride by direct solid sampling graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using a ZEEnit 60 atomic absorption spectrometer. This spectrometer features inverse Zeeman-effect background correction and a variable magnetic field enabling measurements in two sensitivity modes over a concentration range of three orders of magnitude. The measurement sensitivity can be adjusted to the analyte concentration in the sample. The use of chemical modifiers was not necessary. Calibration was carried out by means of calibration curves obtained with aqueous standard solutions. Accuracy was checked mainly by comparison of the results with those obtained by instrumental and radiochemical neutron activation analysis whereby, excluding the results for potassium, no significant differences were found by carrying out the t-test at the significance level 0.05. The limits of detection were between 0.05 ng g⁻¹ (Zn) and 80 ng g⁻¹ (Fe) and the relative standard deviations below 11 %. With the proposed method, up to ten measurement cycles can be carried out in one hour.     

Determination of cadmium in paint samples by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry with optical temperature control

A graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) method with optical temperature control for the determination of trace cadmium in paint samples is described. Optical temperature control was superior in many respects to current temperature control. The sensibility increased by 60%, the linear range widened by 60%, and the life of graphite tube showed a 200–300% increase because atomization temperature was lowered distinctly and atomization time was shortened. Use of lanthanum chloride as a matrix modifier was investigated. The linear range of calibration curve was 0–24 ng mL⁻¹. The detection limit was 9.6 ng L⁻¹. The characteristic mass was 3.0 pg. The method also resulted in excellent reproducibility (≤2.5% R.S.D.) at such low levels, and the recovery of added cadmium in paint samples was from 94.6% to 102%. This method is readily applicable to the determination of cadmium in paint samples.     

Determination of organotin compounds in marine sediments using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

Organotin compounds, especially tributyltin, began to cause concern 10 years ago due to a high toxicity towards marine organisms. Several methods of analysing organotin compounds in various matrices have already been developed to determine organotin species simultaneously, but these are quite expensive as special equipment and specialized staff are needed. A simple screening method, which determines the organic tin compounds in the sediment, has therefore been developed and validated. The method can easily be implemented in laboratories accustomed to tracelement analyses; the sediment is extracted by a two-phase extraction and the organic extract is analysed using graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GF AA.) The screening method has been validated using high-pressure liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC–ICP MS).     

Use of the internal standardization for difficult sampling by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry

This work shows the potentiality of As as internal standard to compensate errors from sampling of sparkling drinking water samples in the determination of selenium by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The mixture Pd(NO₃)₂/Mg(NO₃)₂ was used as chemical modifier. All samples and reference solutions were automatically spiked with 500 μg l⁻¹ As and 0.2% (v/v) HNO₃ by the autosampler, eliminating the need for manual dilutions. For 10 μl dispensed sample into the graphite tube, a good correlation (r=0.9996) was obtained between the ratio of analyte absorbance by the internal standard absorbance and the analyte concentrations. The relative standard deviations (R.S.D.) of measurements varied from 0.05 to 2% and from 1.9 to 5% (n=12) with and without internal standardization, respectively. The limit of detection (LD) based on integrated absorbance was 3.0 μg l⁻¹ Se. Recoveries in the 94-109% range for Se spiked samples were obtained. Internal standardization (IS) improved the repeatability of measurements and increased the lifetime of the graphite tube in ca. 15%.     

浊点萃取-石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定水样中痕量铝

提出了浊点萃取石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铝的新方法。探讨了溶液pH、试剂浓度等实验条件对浊点萃取及测定灵敏度的影响。在最佳条件下,富集40 mL样品溶液,用石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定,铝的检出限为0.045μg/L,铝的富集倍率为78.5倍。方法适用于自来水、河水及海水中痕量铝的测定。