Effects of alloying element on stabilities,electronic structures,and mechanical properties of Pd-based superalloys

The thermodynamic stabilities, electronic structures, and mechanical properties of the Pd-based superalloys are studied by first principles calculations. In this work, we discuss the effect of Pd-based superalloys made from Al, Si, Sc, Ti,V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir and Pt, and we also calculate a face centered cubic(fcc)structure 2 × 2 × 2 superalloy including 31 Pd atoms and one alloying element T M(Pd_(31)TM). The mixing energies of these Pd-Based superalloys are negative, indicating that all Pd-based superalloys are thermodynamically stable. The Pd_(31)Mn has the lowest mixing energy with a value of-0.97 eV/atom. The electronic structures of the Pd-based superalloys are also studied, the densities of states, elastic constants and moduli of the mechanical properties of the Pd-based superalloys are determined by the stress-strain method and Voigt–Reuss–Hill approximation. It is found that Pd_(31)TM is mechanically stable, and Pd_(31)Tc has the largest C_(11), with a value 279.7 GPa. The Pd_(31)Cr has the highest bulk modulus with a value of299.8 GPa. The Pd_(31)Fe has the largest shear modulus and Young's modulus with the values of 73.8 GPa and 195.2 GPa,respectively. By using the anisotropic index, the anisotropic mechanical properties of the Pd_(31)T M are discussed, and threedimensional(3 D) surface contours and the planar projections on(001) and(110) planes are also investigated by the Young modulus.     

闪锌矿GaN弹性性质、电子结构和光学性质外压力效应的理论研究

采用基于密度泛函理论(DFT)的第一性原理平面波赝势方法,结合广义梯度近似(GGA)下的RPBE和局域密度近似(LDA)的CA-PZ交换-关联泛函对闪锌矿结构的GaN在高压的性质进行了系统研究. 计算结果表明:弹性常数、体模量、杨氏模量和能隙都具有明显的外压力效应,计算结果与实验值和理论值很好的符合. 同时利用计算的能带结构和态密度系统分析了GaN的介电函数、折射率、反射率、吸收系数和能量损失函数等光学性质及其外压力效应. 分析结果为GaN的设计与应用提供了理论依据. 关键词： 第一性原理计算 电子结构 光学性质 闪锌矿GaN     

Theoretical investigation of the elastic,electronic, thermodynamic and optical properties of the zinc-blende structure AlN under high pressure

The elastic, electronic, thermodynamic and optical properties of the zinc-blende structure aluminum nitride (AlN) under high pressure have been investigated using first-principles calculations. The dependencies of the elastic constants, the bulk modulus, the shear modulus and energy gaps on the applied pressure are presented, and the results are in good agreement with comparable experimental and theoretical values. Also, the energy band structure and density of states under high pressure have been analysed. Furthermore, the optical constants, including the dielectric function, optical reflectivity, refractive index and electron energy loss, are discussed for radiation up to 50 eV.     

First-principles investigation of the electronic, elastic and thermodynamic properties of VC under high pressure

An investigation of the electronic,elastic and thermodynamic properties of VC under high pressure has been conducted using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT) with the plane-wave basis set,as implemented in the CASTEP code. At elevated pressures,VC is predicted to undergo a structural transition from a relatively open NaCl-type structure to a more dense CsCl-type one. The predicted transition pressure is 520 GPa. The elastic constant,Debye temperature and heat capacity each as a function of pressure and/or temperature of VC are presented for the first time.     

AsI_3电子结构与弹性性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势方法,对AsI3的平衡态晶格常数、弹性常数和电子结构进行了研究.研究结果表明,R-3结构的AsI3在零压下是稳定的,优化得到的平衡结构参数与实验值符合的很好.AsI3是脆性材料,具有大的弹性各向异性特征.R-3相AsI3的块体模量、剪切模量和杨氏模量分别为14.2GPa,9.8GPa和23.9GPa,泊松比为0.22,德拜温度是163K.能带结构计算表明,AsI3是带隙为2.34eV的间接带隙半导体.AsI3的化学键是弱共价键和离子键的混合.     

AsI3电子结构与弹性性质的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理赝势方法,对AsI3的平衡态晶格常数、弹性常数和电子结构进行了研究。研究结果表明,R-3结构的AsI3在零压下是稳定的,优化得到的平衡结构参数与实验值符合的很好。AsI3是脆性材料,具有大的弹性各向异性特征。R-3相AsI3的块体模量、剪切模量和杨氏模量分别为14.2 GPa, 9.8 GPa和23.9 GPa,泊松比为0.22,德拜温度是163 K。能带结构计算表明,AsI3是带隙为2.34 eV的间接带隙半导体。AsI3的化学键是弱共价键和离子键的混合。     

First-principles study of structural,elastic, electronic and optical properties of RDX under pressure

ABSTRACT

The influences of pressure on structural, elastic, electronic and optical properties of α-RDX under pressure from 0 to 40?GPa have been investigated by performing first-principles calculations. The obtained structural parameters based on the GGA-PBE+G calculations are consistent with previous experimental values. The results of B/G, C₁₂-C₄₄ and Poisson's ratio show that α-RDX has changed to ductility under pressure between 0 and 5?GPa. The obvious rotation of NO₂ group in the equatorial position appears, especially in the range of pressure from 10 to 15?GPa, which influences the elastic and mechanical properties of α-RDX. Moreover, we find that the electrons of α-RDX become more active under higher pressure by comparing the curves of DOS under different pressure. Furthermore, the anisotropy of optical properties under different pressures has been shown.     

Molecular dynamics study on the evolution of interfacial dislocation network and mechanical properties of Ni-based single crystal superalloys

The evolution of misfit dislocation network at $\gamma /{\gamma }^{\prime }$ phase interface and tensile mechanical properties of Ni-based single crystal superalloys at various temperatures and strain rates are studied by using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. From the simulations, it is found that with the increase of loading, the dislocation network effectively inhibits dislocations emitted in the γ matrix cutting into the ${\gamma }^{\prime }$ phase and absorbs the matrix dislocations to strengthen itself which increases the stability of structure. Under the influence of the temperature, the initial mosaic structure of dislocation network gradually becomes irregular, and the initial misfit stress and the elastic modulus slowly decline as temperature increasing. On the other hand, with the increase of the strain rate, it almost has no effect on the elastic modulus and the way of evolution of dislocation network, but contributes to the increases of the yield stress and tensile strength. Moreover, tension–compression asymmetry of Ni-based single crystal superalloys is also presented based on MD simulations.     

Nb掺杂对Mo2FeB2弹性、硬度和电子结构影响的第一性原理计算

Mo₂FeB₂具有耐高温、耐磨、高强度,是一种良好的硼基金属陶瓷材料,在模具领域有很广阔的应用前景.本文采用第一性原理计算的方法,研究了Nb元素掺杂Mo₂FeB₂合金的结构稳定性、弹性、硬度和电子结构.结合能和生成焓的计算结果表明,Nb在Mo₂FeB₂中更容易占据Fe位置,并且在Fe位掺Nb的Mo₂FeB₂比在Mo位处掺Nb具有更好的力学性能.此外,计算结果还表明,Nb掺杂可以提高Mo₂FeB₂的剪切模量、杨氏模量、体积模量和硬度,但塑性略有下降,合适的掺杂浓度应为2.5 at.%.电子结构计算结果表明,Nb掺杂Mo₂FeB₂力学性能的提高可归因于Nb-B共价键的形成.     

铁磁材料GdN的电子结构和磁学性质的理论研究

作为寻找新型自旋电子学功能材料的尝试,文章详细研究了稀土化合物GdN的电子结构和磁学性质.通过第一性原理的理论计算,作者发现该材料的导电性质随体积增加有很大变化：从半金属态到准金属态,最后成为半导体.同时,施加压力能改变其载流子浓度和位于多数自旋态的电子和空穴的迁移率.对其磁交换参数随晶格常数变化的进一步研究和蒙特卡罗模拟表明,这个铁磁体系的居里温度可以通过加压或掺杂得到进一步提高,从而成为很有实用价值的自旋电子材料.     

铁磁材料GdN的电子结构和磁学性质的理论研究

作为寻找新型自旋电子学功能材料的尝试，文章详细研究了稀土化合物GdN的电子结构和磁学性质，通过第一性原理的理论计算，作者发现该材料的导电性质随体积增加有很大变化：从半金属态到准金属态，最后成为半导体．同时，施加压力能改变其载流子浓度和位于多数自旋态的电子和空穴的迁移率．对其磁交换参数随品格常数变化的进一步研究和蒙特卡罗模拟表明，这个铁磁体系的居里温度可以通过加压或掺杂得到进一步提高，从而成为很有实用价值的自旋电子材料．     

Stability,elastic anisotropy,and electronic properties of Ca_2C_3

The systematic investigations of the mechanical, elastic, and electronic properties, and stability of the newly synthesized monoclinic C2/m-Ca_2C_3 are performed, based on the first-principles calculations. Ca_2C_3 is found to be mechanically and dynamically stable only from 0 GPa to 24 GPa. The elastic anisotropy studies show that Ca_2C_3 exhibits the elastic anisotropy increasing with the augment of pressure. Furthermore, using the HSE06 hybrid functional, the electronic properties of Ca_2C_3 under pressure are calculated. The structure can be regarded as a quasi-direct band gap semiconductor, and the pressure-induced direct-indirect band gap transition is studied in detail.     

First-principles investigation of the electronic structure and magnetism of eskolaite

The electronic structure and magnetism of eskolaite are studied by using first-principles calculations where the on-site Coulomb interaction and the exchange interaction are taken into account and the LSDA+U method is used. The calculated energies of magnetic configurations are very well fitted by the Heisenberg Hamiltonian with interactions in five neighbour shells; interaction with two nearest neighbours is found to be dominant. The Néel temperature is calculated in the spin-3/2 pair-cluster approximation. It is found that the measurements are in good agreement with the calculations of lattice parameters, density of states, band gap, local magnetic moment, and the Néel temperature for the values of U and J that are close to those obtained within the constrained occupation method. The band gap is of the Mott--Hubbard type.     

First-principles investigation of the structural,dynamical, electronic,and elastic properties of WGe2 and W5Ge3

ABSTRACT

We have investigated the structural, dynamical, elastic, and electronic properties of WGe₂ and W₅Ge₃ compounds in different phases. We have considered the C11_b (tetragonal, space group I4/mmm) and C23 (orthorhombic, space group Pnma) strukturbericht phases for WGe₂ compound and D8₁ (tetragonal, space group I4/mcm), D8_m (tetragonal space group I4/mcm) strukturbericht phases for W₅Ge₃ compound. The structural parameters, formation enthalpies, phonon dispersion curves, elastic constants, mechanical modulus, anisotropic factors, thermal conductivities, and electronic structures have been investigated using generalised gradient approximation within in the plane wave pseudopotential density functional theory. The calculated lattice constants are in a good agreement with the experimental data. The considered phases for WGe₂ and W₅Ge₃ compounds have a metallic character. The results indicated that all phases for compounds are both mechanically stable and dynamically stable except for W₅Ge₃-D8₁. The anisotropy in some mechanical modulus has been investigated using several elastic anisotropy indexes and directional dependence of compressibility, Young’s moduli, shear moduli, and Poisson’s ratio.     

Prediction of scandium tetraboride from first-principles calculations:Crystal structures,phase stability,mechanical properties,and hardness

Using the evolutionary methodology for crystal structure prediction, we have predicted the orthorhombic Cmcm and Pnma phases for ScB_4. The earlier proposed Cr B_4~-, Fe B_4~-, Mn B_4~-, and Re P_4~- type structures for ScB_4 are excluded.It is first discovered that the Cmcm phase transforms to the Pnma phase at about 18 GPa. Moreover, both phases are dynamically and mechanically stable. The large bulk modulus, shear modulus, and Young's modulus of the two phases make it an optimistic low compressible material. Moreover, the strong covalent bonding nature of ScB_4 is confirmed by the ELF analysis. The strong covalent bonding contributes greatly to its stability.     

First-principles calculations for the elastic properties of Ni-base model superalloys: Ni/Ni3Al multilayers

A model system consisting of Ni[001](100)/Ni3Al[001](100) multi-layers are studied using the density functional theory in order to explore the elastic properties of single crystal Ni-based superalloys. Simulation results are consistent with the experimental observation that rafted Ni-base superalloys virtually possess a cubic symmetry. The convergence of the elastic properties with respect to the thickness of the multilayers are tested by a series of multilayers from 2γ′+2γ to 10γ′+10γ atomic layers. The elastic properties are found to vary little with the increase of the multilayer’s thickness. A Ni/Ni3Al multilayer with 10γ′+10γ atomic layers (3.54 nm) can be used to simulate the mechanical properties of Ni-base model superalloys. Our calculated elastic constants, bulk modulus, orientation-dependent shear modulus and Young’s modulus, as well as the Zener anisotropy factor are all compatible with the measured results of Ni-base model superalloys R1 and the advanced commercial superalloys TMS-26, CMSX-4 at a low temperature. The mechanical properties as a function of the γ′ phase volume fraction are calculated by varying the proportion of the γ and γ′ phase in the multilayers. Besides, the mechanical properties of two-phase Ni/Ni3Al multilayer can be well predicted by the Voigt-Reuss-Hill rule of mixtures.     

Theory prediction of the electronic structure,mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Ca5Pd6Ge6 under pressure

The electronic structures, mechanical and thermodynamic properties of Ca₅Pd₆Ge₆ under pressure have been investigated via the first-principles calculations. The optimised lattice constant was in good agreement with the experimental data. Resulting from the Ca-3d, Ge-4p and Pd-4d states contribution, at the Fermi level, the Ca₅Pd₆Ge₆ exhibits metallic behaviour. The elastic constants were calculated, and the result implies that Ca₅Pd₆Ge₆ was mechanically stable below 50?GPa. The polycrystalline modulus increases almost linearly with pressure. The B/G ratio indicated that Ca₅Pd₆Ge₆ was brittle, and the brittle to ductile transition occurs at 2.5?GPa. Furthermore, the Debye temperature θ_D, the minimum thermal conductivity K was obtained. Finally, the isochoric heat capacity C_v and entropy S were evaluated by the quasi-harmonic Debye model in consideration for the temperature effect.     

Ab initio study of the structural,electronic, elastic and thermal conductivity properties of SrClF with pressure effects

Abstract

SrClF is an important optical crystal and can be used as pressure gauge in diamond anvil cell at high pressure. In this work, we performed a systematic study on the structural, electronic and elastic properties of SrClF under pressure, as well as its thermal conductivity, by first-principles calculation. Different exchange-correlation functionals were tested and PBESOL was finally chosen to study these properties of SrClF. Studies reveal that SrClF has a bulk modulus of about 56.2 GPa (by fitting equation of states) or 54.3 GPa (derived from elastic constants), which agree well with the experimental result. SrClF is mechanically and dynamically stable up to 50 GPa. Its elastic constants increase with the applied pressure, but its mechanical anisotropy deteriorates as the pressure increases. Investigation of its electronic properties reveals that SrClF is a direct band-gap insulator with a gap value of 5.73 eV at 0 GPa, which decreases with the increasing pressure and the reason is found by analysing the partial density of states. Based on the calculated phonon dispersion curves, thermal conductivity of SrClF is predicated. At ambient conditions, the predicted thermal conductivity is about 3.74 Wm^?1 K^?1, while that obtained using the simplified Slack model give a slightly larger value of 4.62 Wm^?1 K^?1.     

Theoretical investigations on structural, elastic and electronic properties of thallium halides

Theoretical investigations on structural, elastic and electronic properties, viz. ground state lattice parameter, elastic moduli and density of states, of thallium halides (viz. TlCl and TlBr) have been made using the full potential linearized augmented plane wave method within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). The ground state lattice parameter and bulk modulus and its pressure derivative have been obtained using optimization method. Young's modulus, shear modulus, Poisson ratio, sound velocities for longitudinal and shear waves, Debye average velocity, Debye temperature and Grüneisen parameter have also been calculated for these compounds. Calculated structural, elastic and other parameters are in good agreement with the available data.