A new flavonoid from Selaginella tamariscina

6-(2-Hydroxy-5-acetylphenyl)-apigenin (1),a new flavonoid with a phenyl substituent,was first isolated from Selaginella tamariscina.Its structure was elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR as well as ESI-HR-MS spectroscopic analysis.     

Two New Chromone Glycosides from Selaginella uncinata

Two new chromone glycosides,5-hydroxy-2,6,8-trimethylchromon-7-O-β-D-gluco-pyranoside,named uncinoside A;5-acetoxy-2,6,8-trimethylchromone-7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, named uncinoside B,and a known chromone compound named 8-methyl eugenitol were isolated from Selaginella uncinate. Their structures were elucidated by spectra analysis of FAB-MS,1D NMR and 2D NMR including ^1H NMR,^13C NMR,HMQC,HMBC and single-crystal X-ray diffraction techniques.     

Pictalignans D-F,three new neolignan derivatives from Selaginella picta

Abstract

Three new neolignan derivatives (1–3), together with three known isolariciresinol derivatives (4–6) were isolated from Selaginella picta. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (1D/2D NMR, HRESIMS and CD). All isolated compounds were assayed on the neuroprotective activity against the injury of HT-22 cells induced by L-Glutamate in vitro. All compounds displayed potent protective effect on HT-22 cells.     

Therapeutic Effects of Selaginella tamariscina on the Model of Acute Gout with Hyperuricemia in Rats Based on Metabolomics Analysis

Gout is a disease of purine metabolic disorders which results from long‐term hyperuricemia and the sodium urate deposition in and around the joints. Selaginella tamariscina (ST ) is an important traditional Chinese herbal medicine and is used for the treatment of gout and hyperuricemia. In this study, the rat model of acute gout with hyperuricemia was established by intraperitoneal injection of xanthine and oxonic acid potassium salt and articular injection monosodium urate (MSU ). The effect of ST in the treatment of gout was investigated by measuring joint swelling, the expression of IL ‐1β in serum and histological changes of joint by haematoxylin eosin (H&E) staining. Subsequently, urine metabolomics analysis for biomarkers discovery in acute gout with hyperuricemia rats was performed by the ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray ionization quadruple time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry (UPLC‐ESI‐QTOF /MS ) combined with chemometric approach. Principal component analysis (PCA ) and orthogonal partial least squares‐discriminant analysis (OPLS‐DA ) were used to detect potential biomarkers. A total of 18 potential biomarkers were identified mainly including tryptophan metabolism; tyrosine metabolism; lysine methylation; pyrimidine metabolism; purine metabolism; TCA cycle and fatty acid metabolisms. This study indicates that ST could efficiently ameliorate the disease of acute gout with hyperuricemia in rats. The related metabolic biomarkers could provide useful information and the metabolic mechanism could be used for further study about the model of acute gout with hyperuricemia in rats.     

A new dihydrobenzofuran lignanoside from Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron

A new lignanoside, （7R,8S）-7,8-dihydro-7-（4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl）-1＇-formyl-3＇-y-methoxyl-8-hydroxymethylbenzo- furan-4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside （moellenoside A）, was isolated from Selaginella moellendorffii Hieron. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic evidences. 2007 Wei Sheng Feng. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.     

A new sesquilignan from Selaginella sinensis （Desv.） Spring

A new sesquilignan, namely sinensiol A, was isolated from the plant of Selaginella sinensis （Desv.） Spring. Its structure was identified on the basis of various spectroscopic data analysis.     

A new pyrrole alkaloid from Selaginella moellendorfii Hieron

One new pyrrole alkaloid,N-（2E）-3-（3,4-dihydrophenyl）prop-N₁-（4-aminoburyl）-3-pyrrole formaldehyde （1）,was isolated from the whole herbs of Selaginella moellendorfii Hieron.The structure was elucidated by spectroscopic analyses including UV,1R,1D NMR,2D NMR and MS methods.Additionally, compound 1 exhibited potent protective effect against the injury of human umbilical vein endothelial cell（HUVECs） induced by high concentrations of glucose in vitro.     

New cytotoxic apigenin derivatives from Selaginella doederleinii

75%aqueous ethanol extract from the whole herbs of Selaginella doederleinii was isolated,and two new apigenin derivatives,doederflavones A(1) and B(2),together with ten known compounds(3-12) were characterized.Their structures were assigned by extensive spectroscopic methods including 1D/2D NMR and HR-ESIMS.Compounds 1-6 bear an aryl substituent at the C-8 or C-6 positions in ring A of apigenin skeleton.Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their in vitro cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines A549,MCF-7,SMMC-7721,and LoVo,both of which exhibited significant cytotoxicity against A549 with IC_(50) values of 0.82 μmol/L and 1.32 μmol/L,respectively.     

Isolation and characterisation of three new anthraquinone secondary metabolites from Symplocos racemosa

Three new anthraquinone secondary metabolites were isolated from Symplocos racemosa, a small tree of family symplocaceae. The structures of compounds (1–3) were elucidated to be 1,4-dihydroxy-6-(ethoxymethyl)-8-propylanthracene-9,10-dione (1), 1,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-8-butylanthracene-9,10-dione (2) and 1,4-dihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-8-propyl anthracene-9,10-dione (3) using their spectral data, i.e. through IR, UV, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and two-dimensional (2D) NMR techniques including heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence, heteronuclear multiple bond correlation and correlation spectroscopy.     

Neolignans and Caffeoyl Derivatives from Selaginella moellendorffii

Ten new phenolic compounds including the six neolignans 1 – 3 and 6 – 8 and four caffeoyl derivatives, i.e., myo‐inositol 1‐caffeate ( 9 ), myo‐inositol 6‐caffeate ( 10 ), myo‐inositol 5‐caffeate ( 11 ), and paucine 3′‐β‐D ‐glucopyranoside ( 12 ) were isolated from the whole plants of Selaginella moellendorffii (caffeic acid=3‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)prop‐2‐enoic acid). Their structures were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods.     

Two new tetralone derivatives from the culture of Xylaria hypoxylon AT-028

Two new tetralone derivatives named xylariol A （1） and B （2） were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the culture broth of Xylaria hypoxylon AT-028 （Xylariaceae）, and their structures were elucidated by MS, 1R, 1D- and 2D-NMR spectra, and by X-ray diffraction analysis. 1 and 2 showed moderate cytotoxic activities against Hep G2 cells in the in vitro cytotoxic assay with IC50 values of 22.3 and 21.2 μg/mL, respectively.     

Three new Anthraquinones,one new Benzochromene and one new Furfural glycoside from Lasianthus acuminatissimus

Three new anthraquinones, lasianthurin B (1), C (2), lasianthuoside D (3), a new benzochromene, lasianthurin D (4), and a new furfural glycoside, lasianthuoside E (5), together with one known compound 4- hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (6) were isolated from an alcohol extract of the root of Lasianthus acuminatissimus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic data analysis (including 1D, 2D NMR, X-ray, and MS experiments) and comparsion to literature data.     

A new dimeric anthraquinone from endophytic Talaromyces sp. YE3016

A new unsymmetrical dimeric anthraquinone, 3-demethyl-3-(2-hydroxypropyl)-skyrin (1) was isolated from the solid-state fermentation extract of an endophytic fungal strain Talaromyces sp. YE 3016, together with five known compounds, skyrin (2), oxyskyrin (3), emodin (4), 1,3,6-trihydroxy-8-methyl-anthraquinone (5) and ergosterol (6). The structure of the new compound was elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1–3 exhibited moderate cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 cell line.     

A new flavonoid with a benzoic acid substituent from Selaginella uncinata

6-（5-Carboxyl-2-methoxyphenyl）-apigenin （1）, a new flavonoid, was isolated from the 60% ethanol extract of Selaginella uncinata （Desv.） Spring. Its structure was established by spectroscopic methods. Compound 1 represents the first example of the flavonoids possessing a benzoic acid substituent at C-6.     

A new biflavonoid from Selaginella labordei Hieron.ex Christ

A new biflavonoid,2,3-dihydro-5,5″,7,7″,4′-pentahydroxy-6,6″-dimethyl-[3′-O-4′″]-biflavone 1 and two known biflavonoids 2,3″-dihydroochnaflavone 2 and 2″,3″-dihydro-3′,3′″-biapigenin 3 were isolated from the herb of Selaginella labordei Hieron.ex Christ.Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.     

A new anthraquinone glycoside from Rhamnus nakaharai and anti-tyrosinase effect of 6-methoxysorigenin

In continual study on the heartwood of Rhamnus nakaharai, a new alaternin-8-O-glucoside, namely 1,2,6,8-tetrahydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone-8-O-β-glucopyranoside (1), together with some known compounds were further isolated and characterised by 1-D, 2-D NMR and other spectral evidences. The free radical scavenging and antityrosinase activities of the isolates, including alaternin (1a), emodin (2a), emodin-8-O-β-glucopyranoside (2), 6-methoxysorigenin-8-O-β-glucopyranoside (3) and 6-methoxysorigenin (3a) were tested. Alaternin (1a) exhibited to be mild DPPH radical scavenger with half as potent as vitamin C, while both alaternin (1a) and emodin-8-O-β-glucopyranoside (2) exhibited stronger SOD-like activity than that of BHA. 6-Methoxysorigenin (3a), a reported potential antioxidant, and its 8-O-glucoside (3) both performed significant inhibitory effect on mushroom tyrosinase with about twice as potent as kojic acid, the positive control.     

Two new prenylflavonoids from Epimedium sutchuenense

Two new prenylflavonoids,named sutchuenmedin A(1) and sutchuenmedin B(2),were isolated from the 70%EtOH extract of Epimedium sutchuenense.Their structures were determined from spectral analysis.     

Two new compounds from Coriaria nepalensis

Two new compounds,corialins A(1) and B(2) were isolated from Coriaria nepalensis Wall.These new compounds were established as 7-hydroxy-3-[2,3-acetonide-(3-methylbutane)]coumarin(1) and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3,4,5-trihydroxy-1-(3- methyl-2-butenyl)-benzene(2),on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR techniques.     

Two new flavanonol glycosides from Gordonia chrysandra

Two new flavanonol glycosides named chrysandrosides A and B were isolated from the roots of Gordonia chrysandra Cowan. Their structures were determined by 1D and 2D NMR, FAB-MS techniques and chemical methods. Chrysandrosides A and B showed pronounced hepatoprotective activities against o-galactosamine （o-GalN）-induced toxicity in rat hepatic epithelial stemlike cells （WB-F344）. 2007 Dong Ming Zhang. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society. All rights reserved.     

Two new ent-kaurane diteroenoids from Isodon excisoides

Two new ent-kaurane diterpenoids taihangexcisoidesin A and B(1 and 2),were isolated from the EtOAc extract of the leaves of Isodon excisoides.Their structures were determined on the basis of spectroscopic methods.