Adhesion and growth of goat mammary epithelial cells on novel polyelectrolyte complex

Alginate/poly(acryloxyethyl-trimethylammonium chloride-co-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [poly(Q-co-H)] microcapsules were prepared by ionic gelation (Ca²⁺) for adhesion and growth of goat mammary epithelial cell culture. In the procedure of microcapsule formation, alginate was first pumped into a CaCl₂ solution and then transferred into a poly(Q-co-H). The poly(Q-co-H) was prepared by free-radical polymerization in aqueous solution at 60 °C using potassium persulfate as initiator. The microcapsules obtained were sterilized using gamma radiation according to International Standards Organization (ISO)/TR 13409. Scanning electron microscopy studies indicated the high porosity and rough surface marked by large wrinkles of the microcapsule surface, and the diameter of the microcapsule was approximately 497 μm, and diameters ranking 480–515 μm were obtained. Optical michrography shows the epithelial morphology acquired by goat epithelial mammary cells (GMEC) on poly(Q-co-H)/NaAlg microcapsule surface after 8 h of culture.     

Transport behavior and efflux of Rg1 in rat pulmonary epithelial cells

The aim of this study was to investigate whether ginsenoside Rg1 could be transported into rat pulmonary epithelial cells and its transport behavior and efflux through the cells. A high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with 2487 UV-vis detector at 203 nm was applied. The mobile phase was 0.05% phosphate-acetonitrile (75:25, v/v). Cells were incubated with Rg1 (100 microg/mL) for a specific time, then lysed and sonicated in methanol to extract intracellular Rg1. Cells incubated with Rg1 and verapamil or KCN were processed by the same method. A 20 microL aliquot of sample was injected into the HPLC system to determine Rg1 concentration. The results showed that Rg1 could be transported into the epithelial cells with peak concentration of 1.28 microg/10(5) cells at 0.5 h. Metabolic inhibitor KCN and P-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil could increase Rg1 concentration within the cells, indicating that efflux of Rg1 was energy-dependent and P-gp was likely to be involved. This is the first time that the transport behavior and efflux of Rg1 through rat pulmonary epithelial cells has been demonstrated. The phenomenon that Rg1 concentration in the cells decreased whereas that in the medium remained high indicated that a more effective means of drug administration should be found.     

Design,molecular docking analysis of an anti-inflammatory drug,computational analysis and intermolecular interactions energy studies of 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylic acid

In this paper, theoretical study on molecular geometry, vibrational, pharmaceutical and electronic properties of the monomeric and dimeric structures of 1-benzothiophene-2-carboxylic acid (2BT) were carried out using B3LYP hybrid functional with 6-311++G(d,p) as basis set. The structural study show that the stability of 2BT crystalline structure arising from O-H…O, C-H…O as well as S-H…O hydrogen bonding interactions. Vibrational analysis, for monomer and dimer species, show a good compatibility between experimental and theoretical frequencies. Then, the 1H and 13C NMR chemical shifts were calculated using Gauge Independent Atomic Orbital (GIAO) technical. In addition, the UV-Vis spectrum was simulated in gas phase and in water throughout TD-DFT calculation. The electronic transitions were identified based on HOM-LUMO energies. However, donor-acceptor interactions and charge delocalization has been studied via natural bond orbital (NBO). The nucleophilic and electrophilic site localization is identified by molecular electrostatic potential. Hirshfeld surface analysis has been discussed based on color code demonstrating the various non covalent interactions. Besides, molecular docking analysis was reported to evince the pharmaceutical properties of the studied molecule.     

Effect of Sex Steroids and PGF2α on the Expression of Their Receptors and Decorin in Bovine Caruncular Epithelial Cells in Early–Mid Pregnancy

Changes in the expression of various genes, including pregnancy-associated hormone receptors and extracellular matrix proteins, have been suggested to play a significant role in bovine placental development. This study aimed to examine the influence of sex steroids and PGF_2α on decorin (DCN) expression in the epithelial cells of bovine caruncle in early–mid pregnancy in cows. The expression patterns of DCN, PTGFR_, PGR and ESR1 were analyzed by RT-qPCR and Western blotting in primary caruncular epithelial cell cultures (PCECC) and placental tissue homogenates derived from the 2nd and 4th months of pregnancy. PCECC were found to express DCN, PTGFR_, PGR and ESR1. The intensity of PGR staining was higher in cells derived from the 4th month of pregnancy (p < 0.05). The 17β-estradiol, progesterone and PGF_2α have not been shown to affect DCN expression. PGF_2α decreased PTGFR expression in cells derived from the 4th month of gestation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the results of the present preliminary study showed that the expression of the PTGFR, ESR1, PGR and DCN in PCECC does not vary throughout early–mid pregnancy. Further studies should be carried out to observe the relationship between hormonal status and cellular adhesion to determine their importance for properly developing placentation and pregnancy in cows.     

A new ocotillol-type ginsenoside from stems and leaves of Panax quinquefolium L. and its anti-oxidative effect on hydrogen peroxide exposed A549 cells

Abstract

A new ocotillol-type ginsenoside, namely 12-one-pseudoginsenoside F₁₁ (12-one-PF₁₁), was isolated from stems and leaves of Panax quinquefolium, whose structure was elucidated 6-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-2)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]-dammar-12-one-20S,24R-epoxy-3β,6α,25-triol. 12-one-PF₁₁ significantly suppressed hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative stress in human lung carcinoma A549 cells. As compared with model group, 12-one-PF₁₁ improved cell viability of A549 cells in a dose-dependent manner, and significantly decreased the generation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased production of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) and protein expression levels of nuclear related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in A549 cells.