大黄素键合硅胶柱高效液相色谱法分离酸性芳香族化合物

本文以传统的C18和苯基柱为参比,将自制的大黄素键合硅胶液相色谱柱(ESP柱)应用于14种芳香族酸性化合物,以及实际样品复方水杨酸搽剂的高效液相色谱(HPLC)分离分析,考察了流动相pH值和甲醇含量对ESP柱分离芳香族酸性化合物的影响,研究ESP柱对酸性化合物的选择性和分离机理。结果表明,在甲醇-0.02mol·L-1KH2PO4(pH=2.5)流动相体系中,三组酸性物质混合样品和实际样品中四种主要成分在ESP柱上实现基线分离。与C18和苯基柱相比,在相同条件下,ESP柱对这类酸性化合物具有较好的选择性,部分芳香酸类化合物的洗脱顺序与C18和苯基柱具有显著差异,其中6种溶质在ESP柱上的保留明显强于C18柱和苯基柱,这说明不同保留机理的存在。研究表明ESP与酸性化合物之间除了存在疏水作用外,p-π和π-π作用、氢键作用、电荷转移作用、偶极-偶极作用对分离也有贡献。与C18和苯基柱相比,丰富的作用机制使ESP柱对极性、电离性物质如对甲苯磺酸、对氨基苯磺酸、苦杏仁酸、间苯二甲酸、对苯二甲酸和水杨酸等具有较强的保留,且分离度有一定的改善。     

Selectivity in preparative separations of inorganic electrolytes by size-exclusion chromatography on hypercrosslinked polystyrene and microporous carbons

Preparative-scale separation of concentrated solutions of simplest mineral electrolytes by size-exclusion chromatography was performed on three samples of commercially available microporous hypercrosslinked polystyrene sorbents "Macronet Hypersol" and two experimental samples of activated carbons. Selectivity of separation of a pair of electrolytes was found to be determined by the largest ions in each pair. Fortunately, selectivity rises at higher concentrations of electrolytes, which was explained by exclusion of smaller species from the concentrated solution, i.e., mobile phase, into small pores of the column packing that are inaccessible to large species. The separation of concentrated mixtures revealed another remarkable advantage of the new process - self-concentrating of each of two separated components in the corresponding fractions. Self-concentration is more pronounced for the minor component that occupied less space in the initial mixture. The new method may prove productive in processing pickle bath solutions.     

高效液相色谱法测定果汁饮料中的维生素C含量

建立饮料中维生素C含量的高效液相色谱检测方法。采用ODS C18(4.6mm×250mm,5μm)反相色谱柱,以0.1%草酸溶液为流动相,光电二级管阵列检测器,检测波长为267nm。线性范围为20～160μg/mL,相关系数为0.9983,方法的回收率为96.4%～100.2%,相对标准偏差为0.61%。该方法简便、分析速度快,能够满足果汁饮料中维生素C的检测要求。     

HPLC法测定沙河粉中的过氧化苯甲酰

采用高效液相色谱法测定沙河粉中的过氧化苯甲酰 ;选用DiamonsilC18(5μm,200×4.6mm)色谱柱 ,流动相 :0.02mol/LNH4Ac-甲醇(体积比95∶5) ;检测波长 :220nm ;流速 :1.0mL/min ;柱温 :室温 ;进样量 :10μL ;方法的线性关系良好 ,相关系数r=0.9994 ,样品的最低检出浓度为0.003g/kg,回收率为92 %～102 % ,RSD=1.1 % ;本方法对检测过氧化苯甲酰具有应用价值。     

高效液相色谱法测定食品中的香豆素

介绍了用反相高效波相色谱（RP－HPLC）测定食品中香豆素含量的方法。样品用无水乙醚萃取,在40℃水浴上用氮气吹干,残留物用V（甲醇）：V（水）=9：1反萃取,用RP－HPLC定量分析。方法最小检出限为0.015mg／L,在2～10mg／L范围内有良好的线性关系,测定准确、重现性好,回收率为97.6％～100．8％,方法可行。     

二氧化锆微球表面键合磺化交联聚苯乙烯固相萃取填料的制备及应用

以聚合诱导胶体凝聚法(PICA)制备二氧化锆微球,用钛酸酯偶联剂对其进行表面改性,使其接枝上碳碳双键基团。在溶液体系中,该双键与单体苯乙烯和二乙烯苯在自由基引发下交联聚合,形成的聚合物包覆在二氧化锆微球表面。再通过磺化方法将磺酸基离子连接到苯环上,得到阳离子交换固相萃取填料。通过红外光谱、扫描电镜/X射线能谱等手段对其进行了表征。将装填得到的固相萃取柱与高效液相色谱联用,测定了水中的甲基磺草酮、阿特拉津和乙草胺。3种化合物的色谱峰面积与质量浓度呈良好的线性关系,相关系数(r²)均大于0.99;甲基磺草酮、阿特拉津和乙草胺的检出限分别为5.41、6.72和13.4 μg/L。结果表明,制得的聚合物包覆二氧化锆微球的粒径为6~8 μm,用该填料制成的固相萃取小柱对3种目标物的吸附率高。     

Measurement of elastin hydrolysis by reverse-phase HPLC with on-line post-colum derivatization

Summary Excessive breakdown of elastin, a structural protein, may be related to aortic disease and emphysema. Since L-valyl-L-proline occurs in high concentrations in elastin, a rapid and sensitive method using HPLC with post-column on-line derivatization was used to measure the dipeptide from swine aortic tissue, and the amount of elastin present was determined. Elastin was extracted by alkaline hydrolysis. After neutralization and filtration, the sample was injected onto a ODS-2 gel column, and the dipeptide was eluted by a linear gradient of 0 to 10% of 1-propanol in 50 mM heptafluorobutyrate, pH 3, at a flow rate of 1 ml/min. The eluent was reacted with fluorescamine at pH 8.6, and fluorescence was detected at an excitation wavelength of 395 nm and a 455 nm cutoff emission filter.Presented at the 17th International Symposium on Chromatography, September 25–30, 1988, Vienna, Austria.     

高效液相色谱法测定强化食品中维生素C的含量

建立了强化食品(饮料、奶粉、含乳饮料、大米、果泥及果冻)中维生素C含量的高效液相色谱检测方法。优化了样品处理方法,在水浴控温和避光条件下处理样品,避免维生素C被氧化。选用Tech Mate C18–ST(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm)反相色谱柱,以0.05 mol/L磷酸二氢钾缓冲溶液(p H 3)为流动相,流量为1.0m L/min,检测器为光电二极管阵列检测器,检测波长为266 nm。线性范围为0.2~100μg/m L,相关系数为0.999 6,果泥中维生素C的定量限为20 mg/kg,其它为100 mg/kg,加标回收率为82.2%~107%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为1.23%~6.86%(n=8)。该方法简单快速,其灵敏度、准确度和精密度均能满足强化食品中维生素C的检测要求。     

番茄中类胡萝卜素及其顺式异构体的HPLC分析

建立了一种能同时快速分离、定性番茄中3种类胡萝卜素及其异构体的高效液相色谱(HPLC)方法。采用正己烷-乙醇(3∶4)对样品进行提取,甲基叔丁基醚+0.05%三乙胺-乙腈+0.05%三乙胺为流动相梯度洗脱,以Carotenoid C30柱(250 mm×4.6 mm i.d.,5μm)进行分离,检测波长为475 nm。结果表明,在优化实验条件下,番茄中有11种类胡萝卜素得到了良好分离,包括3种全反式异构体和8种顺式异构体。叶黄素、β-胡萝卜素、番茄红素分别在0.1~5.0,0.1~20,0.1~100μg/m L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数均在0.99以上,检出限(LOD)分别为0.13,0.12,0.56μg/g,定量下限(LOQ)分别为0.43,0.41,1.88μg/g;日内相对标准偏差(RSD)为1.2%~5.3%,日间RSD为1.9%~7.5%,回收率分别为(88.9±6.1)%~(91.7±3.6)%,(92.3±4.3)%~(94.1±6.3)%,(102.6±4.2)%~(107.1±3.4)%。该方法具有分析时间短、灵敏度高、分离完全等优点,适用于番茄中类胡萝卜素及其顺式异构体的分析测定。     

变压器热老化过程中糠醛变化的高效液相色谱研究

本文通过高效液相色谱对绝缘油中糠醛含量的测定,分析了加速热老化过程中生成糠醛浓度和老化时间之间的关系,进而用一元回归方法建立糠醛浓度和老化时间之间的函数关系。     

高效液相色谱法测定白灵菇中荧光增白剂含量

建立了用高效液相色谱法同时测定白灵菇中3种荧光增白剂(VBL、CBS、CXT)的方法。试样用乙醇-水(V/V=1/2)溶液作提取剂,50℃条件下水浴静置提取15min。采用C18(250mm×4.6mm,2.6μm)为分析柱,以乙酸铵(20mmol/L)+乙腈[65+35]为流动相洗脱,流速为0.8mL/min。3种荧光增白剂在0.01~10μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(r2)均大于0.997;加标回收率为79%~90%。方法简单准确,线性关系、重现性及加标回收率均满足分析要求。     

高效液相色谱法测定西瓜中残留的噻菌铜

以XAD-7树脂富集提取,柱层析纯化,建立了测定西瓜中残留的微量噻菌铜的主要降解产物噻二唑的高效液相色谱分析。使用反相Symmetry ShieldRPC18(5μm)250 mm×4.6 mm为分离柱;流动相为乙腈-含0.1%乙酸的水溶液(体积比12∶88);流速为0.6 mL/min;紫外检测波长为313 nm;外标法定量。样品的平均加标回收率为89%~94%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.89%~1.98%。检出限为0.01 mg/kg(S/N=3)。     

Deformation of styrene—divinylbenzene copolymers and hypercrosslinked polystyrenes during solvent adsorption and desorption

An automated procedure was developed for monitoring fast changes in the size of spherical samples of polymers during their contact with a solvent or drying. The kinetics of bulk deformation in these processes was studied for a series of cross-linked polymers, viz., gel-type and porous styrene—divinylbenzene copolymers and poly(divinylbenzenes), and hypercrosslinked polystyrenes. Gel, macroporous, and hypercrosslinked polystyrenes are substantially different in the rate, mechanism, and degree of swelling, which is associated with the principal differences in their physical structures. An unusual effect of a sharp decrease followed by a temporary increase in the volume of porous polystyrene and poly(divinylbenzene) materials were observed during desorption (evaporation) of organic solvents. Water desorption is accompanied by an excessive bulk compression of porous granules giving rise to negative deformations, which gradually relax to the state equilibrium for the dry polymer. The results of dynamic desorption porometry (for water desorption) are indicative of a bimodal size distribution of micropores in hypercrosslinked polystyrene. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 3, pp. 467–476, March, 2007.     

PAD在HPLC分析长春胺中的应用

本文报道用光电二极管阵列检测器(PAD)鉴定小蔓和大蔓长春花中的长春胺。并对经典制备方法得到的长春胺样品进行了纯度判断。利用建立的紫外光谱数据库对长春胺中的分解产物进行光谱检索和鉴定。测定了长春胺的稳定性。     

Resolution of enantiomers by HPLC on cellulose derivatives

Summary Various polysaccharide derivatives, particularly cellulose derivatives, were synthesized and used as chiral stationary phases for optical resolution by HPLC after being adsorbed on macroporous silica gel. Cellulose triacetate (CTA-II), which was synthesized under homogeneous conditions, showed a chiral recognition ability for many racemates. Other cellulose derivatives such as cellulose tribenzoate (OB), cellulose-trisphenylcarbamate (OC), cellulose tribenzyl ether (OE), and cellulose tricinnamate (OK) also showed unique chiral recognition. Among other polysaccharide derivatives, curdlan triacetate was also exhibited an effective chiral recognition. Presented at the 15th International Symposium on Chromatography, Nürnberg, October 1984     

氧化锆基质HPLC 柱填料研究进展*

氧化锆具有很好的化学、机械和热稳定性,适合于碱性物质,特别是生物大分子的分离。氧化锆的色谱性能与硅胶形成很好的互补,具有广阔的应用前景。本文对氧化锆微球表面修饰方法及在色谱分析中的应用进行了综述分析。分析表明氧化锆是性能优异的色谱基质填料。     

固相萃取/高效液相色谱法测定化妆品中5种抗组胺药物残留

建立了固相萃取/高效液相色谱(SPE/HPLC)测定化妆品中5种抗组胺药物(多西拉敏、曲吡那敏、溴苯那敏、苯海拉明、氯苯沙明)残留的分析方法。试样经三氯乙酸溶液超声提取,PCX柱净化后,以甲醇-磷酸盐缓冲溶液为流动相,经C18柱分离后进行HPLC检测。5种抗组胺药物在5.0～100 mg/L范围内均呈良好的线性关系,线性系数均大于0.999。在5.0、10.0、25.0 mg/kg 3个加标水平下的平均回收率为92%～108%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为2.1%～4.2%,检出限为0.5～1.0 mg/L。该方法灵敏度高、重现性好、定量准确。     

Quantification of astaxanthin in shrimp waste hydrolysate by HPLC

In the present study, a simple and rapid reversed-phase HPLC method for the determination of astaxanthin in shrimp waste hydrolysate has been developed and validated. The analytical procedure involves the direct extraction of astaxanthin from the lipid fraction with methanol. The analytical column, SS Exil ODS, was operated at 25C. The mobile phase consisted of a mixture of water:methanol:dichloromethane:acetonitrile (4.5:28:22:45.5 v/v/v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. Detection and identification were performed using a photodiode array detector (lambda(detection) = 476 nm). The proposed HPLC method showed adequate linearity, repeatability and accuracy.     

A Novel Route to Prepare Highly Reactive and Versatile Chromatographic Monoliths

The copolymer poly(isocyanatoethyl methacrylate‐co‐methyl methacrylate‐co‐ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) (poly(IEM‐co‐MMA‐co‐EGDMA)) was developed as a novel, facile, highly reactive and versatile monolithic matrix, which was amenable to surface functionalization with a variety of nucleophilic modifiers based on the reactive isocyanate group, producing monoliths of various chemistries suitable for chromatography. The specific surface area, pore size distribution, porosity and morphology of the monolithic matrix were characterized using a mercury intrusion porosimeter and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Thermal analysis results revealed that the monolith was thermally stable up to 307 °C. The success of the chemical modification of the monolithic matrix was confirmed by FT‐IR, solid state ¹³C NMR and XPS elemental analysis, showing the high ligand density of the modified monoliths. A ligand density of up to 2.33 mmol·mL⁻¹ was obtained for the 1‐octanol modified monolith (M1) with an isocyanate group conversion of 96.9%, indicating a high efficiency of the modification reaction. The potential application of the monoliths was demonstrated by the separation of a series of compounds. The novel monolithic columns exhibited high mechanical stability, column efficiency and good repeatability and reproducibility.

     

高效液相色谱法同时测定离体角膜灌流液中8个普萘洛尔衍生物

为了解促渗透剂对不同物质的促渗透能力,建立了采用高效液相色谱分离测定8个普萘洛尔衍生物的分析方法。采用盒式给药技术在离体角膜上皮侧给予普萘洛尔衍生物,内皮侧接收灌流液,用甲醇沉淀蛋白、高速离心后进样,采用Agilent Zorbax Extend色谱柱,以乙腈(A)-0.03%(v/v)磷酸水溶液(B)为流动相,在3%A～20%A间梯度洗脱,柱温30 ℃,检测波长205 nm。结果表明,该方法可在31 min内实现离体角膜灌流液中8个衍生物的完全分离和定量,线性范围为0.2(0.1)～40.0 μmol/L,线性关系良好,相关系数均不小于0.9970。其加样回收率为91.12%～105.73%,日内精密度(相对标准偏差(RSD))为1.00%～11.63%,日间精密度为1.18%～18.58%,样本冻存、冻融稳定性良好。该法适用于离体角膜灌流、细胞小室培养等跨膜吸收研究中普萘洛尔衍生物的检测。