享受《化学教育》 享受化学教育人生

我是学生,我读《化学教育》,我想知道怎样当化学教师 当老师并不是我儿时的梦想,1981年我16岁,班主任和父母的包办将我推人了师范院校的大门。在那个考大学弥足珍贵的年代,我没有抗议,但对今后要当老师也没有丝毫的心理准备。进入大学后,我才慢慢意识到：今生自己将要与教育结缘,与学生为伴。我必须在大学有限的学习时间里,掌握更多当教师的知识,学习当化学教师的技能,不能误人子弟。《化学教育》开始进入我的视野,走进我的生活。     

敬重的师长 人生的楷模——回忆杨石先教授

杨石先教授是我大学时代的老师,又是我当研究生时的导师。我毕业后一直在他的领导下工作,至今己四十多年。现在他与世长辞己经将近一年,他对我的教诲和举动仍历历在目。杨老师是我的一代良师,终生楷模。现仅就我和杨老密切接触,他给予我最深的几点印象介绍给大家,以此共勉。     

致良师益友──贺《化学教育》刊出100期

你是我的良师益友,伴我教育暖我心。你理论实际结合紧,栏目丰富内容新;十多年来伴着我,助我工作业务精。     

追忆恩师刘椽先生

正我初谒刘老师是在1943年的暑假,那时,厦门大学因抗战内迁至闽西山城长汀。我由福建省沙县福州高中保送进入厦门大学,报的志愿是化学系,是当时厦门大学唯一的山东籍女生。厦门大学商学院有一位高我两年的李宝文学长,是在我到厦门大学之前在校的唯一山东籍学生。他主动找到我,并告诉我:"刘椽老师不但是化学系的系主任,而且是山东诸城人,我带你去拜见他。"     

我与《大学化学》

我从1978年起在北京工业大学讲授大一化学课程,曾经热切盼望有一份大学化学教育的刊物.1986年,我非常高兴地见到<大学化学>创刊,编辑部就设在我的母校北京大学.我专门到北京工业大学校图书馆和系资料室,请他们订阅了这份杂志.1986年,<大学化学>第1卷第3期发表了我的文章:<在基础化学课中如何讲述转化率定义>,这是我在公开刊物上发表的第一篇论文.从此,我就和<大学化学>结下了不解之缘.那年,在熟悉的北京大学老化学楼召开的<大学化学>办刊人员和作者、读者座谈会上,我见到为这本杂志辛勤工作的老师们,其中不少是教过我的老师或学长,感到十分亲切.     

《大学化学》读后感

我从1978年起在北京工业大学讲授大一化学课程,曾经热切盼望有一份大学化学教育的刊物。1986年,我非常高兴地见到《大学化学》创刊,编辑部就设在我的母校北京大学。我专门到北京工业大学校图书馆和系资料室,请他们订阅了这份杂志。1986年,《大学化学》第1卷第3期发表了我的文章:《在基础化学课中如何讲述转化率定义》,这是我在公开刊物上发表的第一篇论文。从此,我就和《大学化学》结下了不解之缘。那年,在熟悉的北京大学老化学楼召开的《大学化学》办刊人员和作者、读者座谈会上,我见到为这本杂志辛勤工作的老师们,其中不少是教过我的老师…     

不对称性及酶的作用

Cornforth的简历我是1917年9月7日在澳洲悉尼市出生的。我父亲是英国出生的牛津大学毕业生;我母亲出生于Hilda Eipper,是一个于1832年到新南威尔斯省定居的日耳曼牧师的后裔。我在四兄弟中排行第二。我的童年一部分在悉尼市,另一部分在新南威尔斯一个农村Armidale渡过。当我十岁时,因耳硬化引起的耳聋迹象开始显露。完全失聪則是一个超过十年的过程,但已足够缓慢,使我能够进入悉尼市男子中学并得到教益,特     

我讲“分散系和胶体溶液”中的二个课时授课计划

这些课时授课计划是从我的期中化学检查中摘录出来的,目的是为了使林业学校的老师们,给我提出意见,特别希望他们能够指出我的错误,以便通过这次检查,把我的教学质量提高一步。今天为了更广泛的征求同志们的意见,因此希望化学通报的读者同志给我提出宝贵的意见,并指出错误,以便今后有所改正和提高。在没有正式谈这些课时授课计划以前,我有几     

我和新中国同成长共发展

我来自江南水乡的工人家庭.新中国诞生时我刚刚上小学,是党和国家培养我完成了高等学业.在我们伟大祖国十周年庆典的前夕,我满怀当一名"人类灵魂的工程师"的志愿,从江南水乡来到伟大祖国的首都,进入高等师范学府,并成长为一名光荣的人民教师.在45年的教育教学岗位上,我牢记自己的知识与能力是党、国家和人民赋予的,自己应该毫无保留地忠诚于党和国家的教育事业,奉献于人民--我的服务对象.也许有些青年教师会认为这是套话,但这确实是我这个老教师的信念.     

讲初中化学第一章的几点经验

讲完初中化学第一章后,有几点经验,写出来供参考,并希望批评和指正: (-)在讲解什么是物质时,我学习了叶果尔金著的初中化学课堂教学计划,我觉得那样讲解的方式是很恰当的,不过我也补充了一点,就是让学生看几种物品时,我拿出的完全是化学仪器,烧杯、试管、量筒、漏斗、在讲解时,我是—样一样地拿出来的,我介绍了这些物品的名称,并介绍了     

利用手持技术改进测定乙醇分子结构实验

利用压强传感器代替排水集气法,改进测定乙醇分子结构实验的仪器装置,并探索最佳反应条件。另外,设计两个空白实验,结合压强变化曲线对实验误差进行相关讨论。     

光谱仪测试范围的扩展

由于石化行业的生产需要，其材质的使用具有多样性和广泛性，经常会出现顾客委托的测试样品的一个或几个元素跨越光谱仪现有测试程序测量范围的情况。本法通过对光谱仪测试原理的认识，根据光谱仪的测试能力及标样的采集，实现了一个或几个元素测量范围的扩展，并对其测量的影响因素进行了研究。     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Dichroism of absorption and polarization of phosphorescence of molecules of the closed form of nitrobenzospirothiopyran

The spectral-polarization characteristics of absorption and phosphorescence of molecules of the initial form of nitro-substituted indolinospirobenzothiopyran were studied in oriented polyethylene films and in solutions with different polarity. An oscillator model of the electron transitions responsible for the formation of absorption and luminescence spectra was suggested. It was established that the principal differences in the spectral and photophysical properties of the compound studied and its oxygen-containing analog are associated with the fact that the electronegativity of the S atom is lower than that of the O atom. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 6, pp. 1143–1146, June, 1997.     

Influence of viscosity of medium on processes of oxygen quenching of excited states of mesoporphyrin

The oxygen quenching rate constants for singlet and triplet excited states of the dimethyl ester of mesoporphyrin IX increase with decreasing viscosity of the medium and reach a maximum at a viscosity of approximately 0.4 mPa·sec, after which the rate constants begin to decrease. The drop in rate constant with increasing fluidity of the medium may be related to a nonequilibrium character of the elementary act in the interaction of the reactants in the solvent cage. In viscous media such as isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, and isoamyl alcohol, the reaction radius is greater than the sum of the radii of the reacting particles. The long-range character of these processes is due to the relatively weak dependence of the quenching probability on distance.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Éksperimental'naya Khimiya, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 161–167, March–April, 1989.     

Determination of heats of detonation and influence of components of composite explosives on heats of detonation of high explosives

The heats of detonation of 20 simple high explosives and explosive mixtures were determined by means of an adiabatic detonation calorimeter designed by the authors. The results indicated that the performance of the instrument was reliable and the experimental data were very accurate. For explosive mixtures, there was a linear accumulative relationship between the heats of detonation of the explosive mixture and its components. Accordingly, the heats of detonation of explosive mixtures could be calculated directly from the heats of detonation of simple explosives and the characteristic heats of other components. The experiments showed that the gold or brass shell of the cylindrical charge could be substituted by a thick-walled porcelain shell, which had the advantage of cheapness.

     

物质分配系数的测定实验改进

实验教学目的是从解决实际问题出发,以实验技术训练和实验设计思想培养为目标。介绍了将单一的物质分配系数测定实验改进为综合实验,提高了实验效果及实验资源利用率。     

Calculation of enthalpies of hydrogenation of hydrocarbons

Sets of hydrogen molecule equivalents have been developed which permit the calculation of hydrogenation of different types of carbon-carbon bonds from ab initio total energies (3-21G and 6-31G* basis sets, and, to a more limited extent, for MP2/6-31G* data) of reactants and products. The calculated enthalpies of hydrogenation are in good agreement with experiment for unstrained molecules, with average errors on the order of 2 kcal/mol. The 6-31G* equivalents allow the enthalpies for strained molecules to be calculated accurately, but the 3-21G equivalents do not. The equivalents for both basis sets have been tested by calculating the enthalpies of hydrogenation of carbon-carbon bonds in nitrogen- and oxygen-containing organic molecules, free radicals, and classical carbocations. The results are in good agreement with experiment in most cases.     

非那雄胺合成工艺改进

非那雄胺能抑制5α-还原酶的活性,明显降低二氢睾酮水平,是一种治疗良性前列腺增生的有效药品。该合成工艺以甾烯酮酸为原料,将其与氯化亚砜反应,无须分离即与叔丁胺反应得17β-酰胺化合物,再氧化开环,环合,氢化,脱氢合成了非那雄胺。经元素分析、IR、1HNMR、13CNMR、MS分析表征了其结构。该法无须使用昂贵的2,2-二吡啶二硫化物和剧毒药品苯亚硒酸酐,且以乙酸铵代替氨气,降低了对设备的要求和腐蚀,更适用于工业生产。