Use of hydrostatic pressure in determining the nature of DX centers in GaAiAs-Si

Abstract

We report on activated capture and emission experiments obtained under hydrostatic pressure. The observed structures in the thermostimulated capture curves are interpreted as a competition between capture and emission from the different configurations of the DX center, which are related to the local environment of the Si atom. The analysis of the capture kinetic experiments supports the hypothesis of the negative charge state of the DX center.     

CSRm纵向束流绝热俘获研究

在研究重离子储存环纵向相振荡运动特性的基础上,对CSR主环CSRm内重离子的绝热俘获及加速过程进行了模拟,得出与CSR机器特性相适应的高频参数,并给出了高频参数在绝热俘获过程中随时间的变化曲线     

X波段准周期加载微波腔研究

准周期加载微波腔的基本结构是周期结构,在强引导磁场作用下,强流电子束同微波强作用产生高功率微波;作用过程分为三个阶段：电子俘获、群聚和换能;而周期结构的作用主要在于电子俘获。适当设计的结构,不仅束波转换效率高,而且对电子束质量（如能散）的要求也不高。从微波场对电子运动的影响,研究了电子束在微波腔中的俘获、群聚和换能的束波互作用过程。基于760kV,7kA的环形电子束,采用准周期加载微波腔结构,在模拟上获得了X波段（9.3GHz）峰值功率为1.3GW的微波输出,效率接近24%。     

X波段准周期加载微波腔研究

 准周期加载微波腔的基本结构是周期结构，在强引导磁场作用下，强流电子束同微波强作用产生高功率微波；作用过程分为三个阶段：电子俘获、群聚和换能；而周期结构的作用主要在于电子俘获。适当设计的结构，不仅束波转换效率高，而且对电子束质量（如能散）的要求也不高。从微波场对电子运动的影响，研究了电子束在微波腔中的俘获、群聚和换能的束波互作用过程。基于760kV，7kA的环形电子束，采用准周期加载微波腔结构，在模拟上获得了X波段（9.3GHz）峰值功率为1.3GW的微波输出，效率接近24%。     

Direct observation of charge-carrier capture in an array of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots

In this work, charge-carrier capture by an array of self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots was directly observed for the first time by capacitance recharge. It is proposed to process the obtained transient-capture data by a similar method to that used for emission, by the box-car method. The capture activation energies are determined and compared with the emission activation energies.     

Electron capture processes in ion-atom collisions

The development of the theory of electron capture processes in ion-atom collisions is reviewed in the present work. The formal theory of scattering is used to obtain the Born and the distorted wave Born series for the rearrangement scattering matrix. On the basis of these series, the applications of the first and second Born approximation, the OBK approximation, the DWBA and the Padé approximants to electron capture processes are discussed. The impulse approximation, the Faddeev method and the second order potential method are also explained. The results of the investigations of the high energy behaviour of the charge transfer cross section based on the Faddeev-Watson multiple scattering expansion are analysed.The methods of molecular and atomic eigenfunction expansions are presented and their relative merits discussed. The semi-classical treatment for determining the differential electron capture probability is reviewed. Results obtained in works utilising expansions in Sturmian, Gaussian and pseudo-state wave functions are also presented. An integral equation approach to the close coupling approximation is described. The field theoretic approach to investigate the electron capture process is discussed in the last section.The results obtained by different theoretical methods are compared with available experimental results.     

Quantum diffusion description of the subbarrier-capture process in heavy-ion reactions

The capture of a projectile nucleus by a target nucleus at bombarding energies below the Coulomb barrier is studied on the basis of the quantum diffusion approach. The results obtained in this way for reactions involving spherical nuclei are in good agreement with available experimental data. It is shown that, beyond the range of nuclear forces, the decrease in the capture cross section as the bombarding energy decreases becomes slower.     

Eikonal approximation for single-electron capture from hydrogen molecules by proton impact

A four-body eikonal approximation is developed to study the single-electron capture process in collision of the fast protons with the hydrogen molecular targets. For a fixed orientation of the molecular axis, the double-differential cross sections are evaluated for electron capture. Interference patterns originated from the two atomic centres are obtained for different orientations of the molecular target. Equal-weighted average of the differential capture cross sections over all the possible orientations of the molecular target is calculated for various impact energies. Angular distributions of the differential cross sections for single charge transfer at various impact energies as a function of the angle between the axis of the molecule and the incident beam direction are calculated and compared with their corresponding experimental values as well as the results obtained from other theories. Integrated cross sections are calculated and compared with available experimental data and other theoretical calculations.     

Electron capture processes in strongly coupled semiclassical plasmas

The electron captures by projectile ions from hydrogenic ions are investigated in strongly coupled semiclassical plasmas. The electron capture radius by the projectile ion is obtained by the effective screened pseudopotential model taking into account both the plasma screening and quantum effects. The semiclassical version of the Bohr-Lindhard method is applied to obtain the electron capture probability. The impact-parameter trajectory analysis is applied to the motion of the projectile ion in order to visualize the electron capture radius and capture probability as functions of the impact parameter, thermal de Broglie wavelength and Debye length. The results show that the quantum and plasma screening effects significantly reduce the electron capture probability and the capture radius. It is found that the electron capture position is shifted to the core of the projectile ion with increasing the thermal de Broglie wavelength. It is also found that the quantum effects on the electron capture probability are more significant than the collective screening effects on the electron capture probability. The electron capture probability is found to be significantly increased with an increase of the charge.Received: 27 June 2003PACS: 52.20.-j Elementary processes in plasmasYoung-Dae Jung: Permanent address: Department of Physics, Hanyang University, Ansan, Kyunggi-Do 425-791, South Korea, yjung@bohr.hanyang.ac.kr     

Stuty on the Process of the Fast Neutron Radiative Capture for 40Ca and 208Pb

The pre-equilibrium correction for the nuclear reactions induced by fast neutron is considered as follows: the nuclear reaction processes with the exciton number equal to or larger than five can still be described by the statistical theory of the nuclear reaction. The particle emission processes, in which less than five excitons are involved, are calculated by means of the exciton model and the γ emission of one exciton state is calculated by the direct capture mechanism. For the three-exciton state, only the semidirect capture mechanism, which plays the main role in the researched energy region, is taken into account. The interference effect between the direct and semidirect capture is also considered. The radiative capture cross sections for ⁴⁰Ca and ²⁰⁸Pb in the neutron incident energy region from 3 MeV to 20 MeV are calculated and a better coincidence with the experimental values is obtained. At the same time, the contribution to the (n, γ) reaction cross sections of the γ emissions before and after statistical equilibriums as well as the characteristics of the direct capture, semidirect capture and their interferece terms are discussed.     

Muon capture rates on 16O leading to bound states of 16N

The partial muon capture rates on ¹⁶O leading to all four particle-stable states in ¹⁶N have been measured. The results obtained are compared to previous measurements and are also used to extract a value for the induced pseudoscalar coupling constant in muon capture.     

Electron capture in the collision of a proton with a hydrogen atom

Electron capture in the collision of a proton with a hydrogen atom is investigated. The probability of electron capture is calculated from first principles by the direct solving of the three-dimensional nonstationary Schr?dinger equation. The dependence of the probability of electron capture by a proton on the proton??s velocity and impact parameter is obtained and analyzed thanks to highly efficient computations with the use of graphic processing units.     

Frequency/time domain modeling of a direct drive point absorber wave energy converter

Two different methods to model a point absorber wave energy converter(WEC)with direct drive linear power take-off(PTO)are proposed in the present study:the frequency domain(FD)method and the time domain(TD)method.In the FD analysis,the frequency response function(FRF)of the WEC device is obtained via the equation of motion,and the expressions of power capture width in regular and random waves are derived as well.In the TD modeling,based on a state space approximation of the convolution term in the motion equation,both regular wave and random wave simulations are carried out.The regular wave simulation results indicate that the state space approximation is sufficiently accurate and the capture width reaches the maximum in the vicinity of the natural frequency.In the random wave simulations,the effects of buoy size,the PTO damping and wave climate on the power capture width are discussed in detail,which leads to the conclusion that the capture widths are influenced by the natural frequency of the WEC device,peak frequency of the wave spectrum,the amplitude of FRF and PTO damping.Furthermore,the increase of the capture width is at the cost of a relatively large buoy size and PTO damping when control is not included.     

Analysis of E1 and E2 radiative α-capture and giant multipole resonances

Experimental data on E1 and E2 radiative α-capture are analyzed by taking account of direct and semidirect processes as well as the compound process. Observed excitation functions for these reactions are reasonably well reproduced assuming the reactions take place mainly through giant multipole resonances. It is shown that the compound process dominates in the lower energy region especially for E1 capture whereas in the higher energy region direct and semidirect captures are the major processes especially for E2 capture. Several interesting results are obtained on α-particle spectroscopic factors of target ground states and on spreading widths and isospin-mixing coefficients of the giant multipole resonance states. The data are shown to be consistent with the existence of the isoscalar giant quadrupole resonances. The applicability of direct and semidirect capture theories to α-capture is examined.     

Investigation of ion-atom collision dynamics through imaging techniques

The principle and technique details of recoil ion momentum imaging are discussed and summarized. The recoil ion momentum spectroscopy built at the Institute of Modern Physics (Lanzhou) is presented. The first results obtained at the setup are analyzed. For 30 keV He²⁺ on He collision, it is found that the capture of single electron occurs dominantly into the first excited states, and the related scattering angle results show that the ground state capture occurs at large impact parameters, while the capture into excited states occurs at small impact parameters. The results manifest the collision dynamics for the sub-femto-second process can be studied through the techniques uniquely. Finally, the future possibilities of applications of the recoil ion momentum spectroscopy in other fields are outlined. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 10434100)     

Method of spin assignment of bound levels populated by (n, γ) reactions

The conditions are examined under which the spin of low-lying levels may be deduced from a comparison of the probabilities of populating such levels with γ-cascades starting from neutron capture states with different spins. To test this spin-assignment method low-energy γ-ray spectra from neutron capture in single resonances of¹⁰⁵Pd and ¹⁷⁷Hf have been measured, and the relative intensities of γ-transitions from low-excitation levels have been determined. For each level the ratio between its populations from two different initial spin states is obtained and is found to provide a firm indication of the level spin. The experimental values of the population ratios are compared with the values obtained by a general formula based on simple statistical assumptions and by more realistic Monte Carlo calculations of the γ-cascade. The perspectives of the method are discussed.     

The small signal behavior of SCLC-diodes with deep traps

Theoretical and experimental investigations on the small signal behavior of sclc-diodes containing deep levels were performed. The experimental results were obtained from high resistivity Au-compensated n⁺in⁺-silicon samples. The measurements of the frequency dependent conductance and capacitance are consistent with theory up to frequencies ωT>1. From the bias dependence of the capacitance a method is deduced to determine the capture time constant easily and with high accuracy and, if the trap concentration is already known, the capture cross section. The value obtained for the gold acceptor level agrees well with that determined by means of transient current measurements.     

Theoretical studies of proton capture reactions in A～25 proton-rich nuclei

The direct proton capture and resonance proton capture properties of stellar reactions 22Mg(p,γ)23Al and 26Si(p,γ)27P are studied by employing a mean-field potential obtained from the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock(SHF) model.Calculations with the SHF potential reproduce well the loosely-bound structure of the ground states as well as the widths of the resonant states in these nuclei.With the obtained potential we estimate the reaction rates of direct proton capture and resonance proton capture to nuclei 23Al and 27P....