共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 713 毫秒
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粉末贮氢合金作为一种功能材料在许多领域已有广泛应用。而薄膜贮氢合金是80年代国外新开发的功能材料。目前国外制备薄膜贮氢合金的方法主要有热蒸发法(包括闪蒸)和磁控溅射法。最近我们采用一种新颖的制备方法——离子束溅射法研制非晶态、晶态Ti-Ni薄膜合金。 相似文献
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Laves相贮氢合金是目前贮氢材料研究与开发的热点之一。本文概述了Laves相合金的结构、贮氢机理、贮氢性能以及它在Ni/MH电池应用中的最新进展。 相似文献
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贮氢材料电极循环寿命的定量预测定时放电半衰期法的应用韩剑文,袁满雪,周作祥,赖城明(南开大学化学系天津300071)关键词:贮氢电极,循环寿命,半衰期。前文 ̄[1]讨论了应用定终点电位放电半衰期法来预测贮氢材料电极循环寿命的问题。本文讨论如何采用定时... 相似文献
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采用熔体快淬法制备了(Mg72.2Cu27.8)90Nd10的非晶贮氢合金带,用DSC差热分析仪测定了非晶合金带的热稳定性和非晶形成能力,采用透射电镜TEM和X射线衍射仪表征了不同结晶程度的贮氢合金带的微观组织结构.结果表明:非晶(Mg72.2Cu27.8)90Nd10贮氢合金的晶化过程分为3个步骤:首先在170℃生成平均晶粒尺寸为5~10nm Mg2Cu相;当回火处理温度升高至210℃时,非晶(Mg72.2Cu27.8)90Nd10贮氢合金发生了第二步晶化反应,生成了α-Mg相;当回火处理温度升高到335℃以后,非晶贮氢合金已经完全晶化,生成了稳定的Mg2Cu,α-Mg和Cu5Nd相,晶化后的颗粒尺寸有50~80nm.对不同组织结构的(Mg72.2Cu27.8)90Nd10合金的贮氢性能测试表明:完全非晶状态的(Mg72.2Cu27.8)90Nd10合金具有最快的吸氢速率和最高的贮氢量(3.2%(质量分数)). 相似文献
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贮氢合金用作硝基苯电解加氢的催化电极研究 总被引:15,自引:1,他引:15
贮氢合金用作硝基苯电解加氢的催化电极研究卢世刚,杨汉西,王长发(武汉大学化学系,武汉130072)混合稀土贮氢合金是近年来发展起来的新型功能材料。在室温下它可以吸收比自身体积大几百倍的氢原子形成金属氢化物.这种金属氢化物可作为氢源提供高反应活性的氢原... 相似文献
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本文较为详细地介绍了研究稀土贮氢合金性能过程中几种常用的测试技术。在贮氢合金组织结构方面,应用XRD、SEM和金相测试技术,研究贮氢合金的相结构,通过有关公式计算合金晶粒尺寸,以及反映热处理工艺前后相结构、晶粒形貌、晶界的变化情况。在贮氢合金吸放氢机理方面,通过将贮氢合金粉制作成微电极,采用恒电位阶跃、交流阻抗、循环伏安电化学测试技术,研究稀土贮氢合金电极反应的动力学性能,计算合金电极的交换电流密度、氢扩散系数及固/液界面电荷传递电阻等参数;采用PCT测试仪,研究贮氢合金的储氢量、平衡氢压等性能。在贮氢合金电化学性能方面,通过采用模拟电池测试技术,研究贮氢合金的活化、放电容量、放电平台、循环等性能。 相似文献
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Hui Wu 《Chemphyschem》2008,9(15):2157-2162
Metal hydrides are an important family of materials that can potentially be used for safe, efficient and reversible on‐board hydrogen storage. Light‐weight metal hydrides in particular have attracted intense interest due to their high hydrogen density. However, most of these hydrides have rather slow absorption kinetics, relatively high thermal stability, and/or problems with the reversibility of hydrogen absorption/desorption cycling. This paper discusses a number of different approaches for the improvement of the hydrogen storage properties of these materials, with emphasis on recent research on tuning the ionic mobility in mixed hydrides. This concept opens a promising pathway to accelerate hydrogenation kinetics, reduce the activation energy for hydrogen release, and minimize deleterious possible by‐products often associated with complex hydride systems. 相似文献
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Some lessons from the development of metal hydride chemistry in the light of hydrogen storage problems 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
O. K. Alekseeva L. N. Padurets P. P. Parshin A. L. Shilov 《Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry》2007,52(1):29-33
The main trends of the chemistry of hydrides of transition metals and their alloys are briefly reviewed. “Sensational” hydrogen capacity data and the potential of some metal materials (metals, alloys, and quasi-crystals) and carbon nanomaterials in reversible hydrogen storage applications are critically analyzed. The significance of research in this field for hydrogen energy applications is underlined. 相似文献
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液相化学氢化物以化学键的形式储存氢能,被认为是一类很有前景的化学储氢材料。液相化学氢化物的大规模应用很大程度上依赖于高效催化系统的开发。含金金属纳米颗粒在用于液相化学氢化物催化制氢中表现出优异的催化性能。本文综述了金纳米颗粒和含金异金属纳米颗粒用于液相氢化物催化制氢的最新研究进展。 相似文献
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《Journal of the Less Common Metals》1983,89(2):519-526
The storage of hydrogen in metal hydrides is suitable for motor vehicles as well as for stationary applications. Since the metal hydrides are used both for fuel and for heat storage some interesting technical developments are possible. The development and applications of low and high temperature hydrides are reported and the solutions of some technical problems (e.g. improvement of heat transfer and hydride manufacture) are presented. 相似文献
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Complex metal hydrides are perhaps the most promising hydrogen storage materials for a gradual transformation to a hydrogen-based economy. We have used a computational approach to aid the ongoing experimental effort to understand the reversible hydrogen storage in Ti-doped NaAlH(4) and propose a plausible first step in the rehydrogenation mechanism. The study provides insight into the catalytic role played by the Ti atoms on an Al surface in the chemisorption of molecular hydrogen and identifies the local arrangement of the Ti atoms responsible for the process. Our results can potentially lead to ways of making other similar metal hydrides reversible. 相似文献
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Storage and transport of hydrogen constitutes a key enabling technology for the advent of a hydrogen-based energy transition. Main research trends on hydrogen storage materials, including metal hydrides, porous adsorbents and hydrogen clathrates, are reviewed with a focus on recent developments and an appraisal of the challenges ahead. . 相似文献
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This paper describes a reaction mechanism that explains the dehydrogenation reactions of alkali and alkaline-earth metal hydrides. These light metal hydrides, e.g., lithium-based compounds such as LiH, LiAlH4, and LiNH2, are the focus of intense research recently as the most promising candidate materials for on-board hydrogen storage applications. Although several interesting and promising reactions and materials have been reported, most of these reported reactions and materials have been discovered by empirical means because of a general lack of understanding of any underlying principles. This paper describes an understanding of the dehydrogenation reactions on the basis of the interaction between negatively charged hydrogen (H-, electron donor) and positively charged hydrogen (Hdelta+, electron acceptor) and experimental evidence that captures and explains many observations that have been reported to date. This reaction mechanism can be used as a guidance for screening new material systems for hydrogen storage. 相似文献
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Hans‐Jrg Himmel 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2005,631(9):1551-1564
New molecular hydrides have been prepared and characterized with the aid of the matrix isolation technique. These hydrides are products of spontaneous or photoactivated reactions taking place in the matrix. They show a remarkable structural variety reflecting the ability of H atoms to be positively or negatively polarized and to be engaged in terminal as well as bridging bonds. In addition to the academic interest in these molecules, the findings are of interest for applications. Thus the results will be discussed especially in the light of the increasing effort to fabricate new molecular hydrogen storage materials. 相似文献