Cemented tungsten carbide (WC) has widely served in modern industry because of its outstanding characteristics, while it could suffer from severely wear both under ambient air and water environments. To exploit a novel carbon‐based film should be a feasible way to modify the surface of cemented WC and overcome these shortcomings. In the present study, the Cr/Ce co‐incorporated (Cr,Ce)/a‐C:H carbon‐based film was successfully deposited on cemented WC. The microstructure and mechanical properties of films were systematically characterized, and their tribological behaviors were tested in ambient air and deionized water environment. The results showed that (Cr,Ce)/a‐C:H film dominated by the typical amorphous structure and the doping Cr existed with the metallic Cr nanocrystallites as well as Ce formed CeO2. The (Cr,Ce)/a‐C:H film could possess good mechanical performances, which could own higher hardness, elastic module, low internal stress, and better adhesive strength. Especially, the as‐prepared (Cr,Ce)/a‐C:H film could present relatively lower friction coefficient and wear rate compared to uncoated cemented WC both under ambient air and deionized water environment, indicating that the Cr/Ce co‐doped (Cr,Ce)/a‐C:H film could be an effective method to modify the surface of cemented WC so as to improve the friction and wear performances of cemented WC materials. 相似文献
Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) was used to grow nanocrystalline SnO2 thin films onto glass substrates. The nanocrystallites and microstructures in SnO2 thin films grown by PLD techniques have been investigated in detail by using X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The PLD process was carried out at room temperature under a working pressure of about 2×10−6 mbar. Experimental results indicate that thin films are composed of a polycrystalline SnO2 and an amorphous SnO phase. In particular, the presence of such an amorphous SnO phase in the thin films greatly limits their practical use as gas-sensing devices. HRTEM observations revealed that SnO2 nanocrystallites with tetragonal rutile structure embed in an amorphous SnO matrix, which are approximatively equiaxed. These approximatively equiaxed SnO2 nanocrystallites contain a high density of defects, such as twin boundaries and edge dislocations. The grain growth of SnO2 thin films may be discussed in terms of the coalescent particle growth mechanism. 相似文献
A hierarchical fibrous SnO2/carbon nanocomposite composed of fine SnO2 nanocrystallites immobilized as a thin layer on a carbon nanofiber surface was synthesized employing natural cellulose substance as both scaffold and carbon source. It was achieved by calcination/carbonization of the as‐deposited SnO2‐gel/cellulose hybrid in an argon atmosphere. As being employed as an anode material for lithium‐ion batteries, the porous structures, small SnO2 crystallite sizes, and the carbon buffering matrix possessed by the nanocomposite facilitate the electrode–electrolyte contact, promote the electron transfer and Li+ diffusion, and relieve the severe volume change and aggregation of the active particles during the charge/discharge cycles. Hence, the nanocomposite showed high reversible capacity, significant cycling stability, and rate capability that are superior to the nanotubular SnO2 and SnO2 sol–gel powder counter materials. For such a composite with 27.8 wt % SnO2 content and 346.4 m2 g?1 specific surface area, a capacity of 623 mAh g?1 was delivered after 120 cycles at 0.2 C. Further coating of the SnO2/carbon nanofibers with an additional carbon layer resulted in an improved cycling stability and rate performance. 相似文献
The tribological characteristics of PEEK composites fretting against GCr 15 steel were investigated by a SRV‐IV oscillating reciprocating ball‐on‐disk tribometer. In order to clarify the effect of type and size of fillers on the properties of PEEK composites, nano‐sized and micro‐sized CF and PTFE fillers were added to the PEEK matrix. The thermal conductivity, hardness, and fretting wear properties of PEEK composites reinforced by CF or PTFE were comparatively studied. The results showed that the type and size of the fillers have an important effect on both the friction coefficient and wear rate, by affecting their thermal conductivity, hardness, as well as the surface areas of their transfer films. In comparison, the effect on improving the tribological properties of micro‐sized CF was superior to that of nano‐sized CF, while the effect of nano‐sized PTFE was superior to that of micro‐sized PTFE. Considering the acceptable friction coefficient and wear rate of the composite under the fretting wear test, it seemed that 4% nCF, 20% mCF, 2% nPTFE and 10% mPTFE were desired additive proportions. And it also can be found that during the fretting wear test, the abrasive and adhesive wear resulted in accumulative debris at the contacting surface. The transfer films made of debris were formed on the counterfaces. 相似文献
The aim of the Letter is to elucidate the nature of metal-support interaction in the 2 wt% Rh/Al2O3 catalyst obtained by annealing Rh–O–Al xerogel at 1113 K in air.XPS, HRTEM, and XRD results reveal that during the Rh–O–Al xerogel annealing in air, rhodium incorporates into forming alumina, which results mostly in Rh4+/δ-Al2O3 solid solution formation.However, in the course of the catalyst reduction at 773 with H2 and at 823 K with CH4 the Rh4+/δ-Al2O3 solid solution transforms into Rh–Al alloy. The islands of rhodium form on the surface of the Rh–Al alloy nanocrystallites if the reduction is slow enough. 相似文献
Nanocomposite Me–C–N:H coatings (Me is TiNb, TiZr or TiAl), with relatively high non-metal/metal ratios, were prepared by cathodic arc method using TiNb, TiZr and TiAl alloy cathodes in a CH4 + N2 atmosphere. For comparison purposes, a-C–N:H films were also produced through evaporating a graphite cathode in a similar atmosphere. The films were characterized in terms of elemental and phase compositions, chemical bonds, texture, hardness, adhesion and friction behavior by GDOES, XPS, Raman spectroscopy and XRD techniques, surface profilometry, hardness and scratch adhesion measurements, and tribological tests. The nanocomposite films consisted of a mixture of crystalline metal carbonitride and amorphous carbon nitride. The non-metal/metal ratio in the films composition was found to range between 1.8 and 1.9. For the metal containing nanocomposites, grain size in the range 7–23 nm, depending on the metal nature, were determined. As compared with the a-C–N:H, the Me–C–N:H films exhibited a much higher hardness (up to about 39 GPa for Ti–Zr–C–N:H) and a better adhesion strength, while the coefficients of friction were somewhat higher (0.2–0.3 for Me–C–N:H and 0.1 for a-C–N:H). 相似文献
Photocatalytic multilayer nanocomposite films composed of anatase TiO2 nanoparticles and lignosulfonates (LS) were fabricated on quartz slides by the layer‐by‐layer (LBL) self‐assembly technique. X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV‐vis spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize the TiO2/LS multilayer nanocomposite films. Moreover, the photocatalytic properties (decomposition of methyl orange and bacteria) of multilayer nanocomposite films were investigated. XPS results indicated that the intensities of titanium and sulfur peaks increased with the LBL deposition process. A linear increase in absorbance at 280 nm was found by UV‐Vis spectroscopy, suggesting that stepwise multilayer growth occurs on the substrate and this deposition process is highly reproducible. AFM images showed that quartz slide was completely covered by TiO2 nanoparticles when a 10‐bilayer multilayer film was formed. The decomposition efficiency of methyl orange by TiO2/LS multilayer films under the same UV irradiation time increased linearly with the number of TiO2 layers, and the results of decomposition of bacteria under UV irradiation showed that TiO2/LS multilayer nanocomposite films exhibited excellent decomposition activity of bacteria (Escherichia coil). 相似文献
Amorphous carbon (or diamond-like carbon, DLC) films have shown a number of important properties usable for a wide range of applications for very thin coatings with low friction and good wear resistance. DLC films alloyed with (semi-)metals show some improved properties and can be deposited by various methods. Among those, the widely used magnetron sputtering of carbon targets is known to increase the number of defects in the films. Therefore, in this paper an alternative approach of depositing silicon-carbide-containing polymeric hydrogenated DLC films using unbalanced magnetron sputtering was investigated. The influence of the C2H2 precursor concentration in the deposition chamber on the chemical and structural properties of the deposited films was investigated by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and elastic recoil detection analysis. Roughness, mechanical properties and scratch response of the films were evaluated with the help of atomic force microscopy and nanoindentation. The Raman spectra revealed a strong correlation of the film structure with the C2H2 concentration during deposition. A higher C2H2 flow rate results in an increase in SiC content and decrease in hydrogen content in the film. This in turn increases hardness and elastic modulus and decreases the ratio H/E and H3/E2. The highest scratch resistance is exhibited by the film with the highest hardness, and the film having the highest overall sp3 bond content shows the highest elastic recovery during scratching. 相似文献
Summary: This study examines the use of a PMMA‐mediated assembly of BaTiO3 nanoparticles directly onto Cu electrodes under an electric field. The compatibility of the interface between BaTiO3 nanoparticles and PMMA in a mixed organic solvent system enables the homogeneous dispersion of nanoparticles in a solid polymer matrix. This results in the effective packing of particles, which is desirable from the point of view of achieving a high dielectric constant in the composite. In this study, three‐phase Al/BaTiO3/PMMA nanocomposite films from stable colloidal suspensions containing aluminium nitrate salts were also designed using an electrodeposition process. The simultaneous formation of Al metallic inclusions in the BaTiO3 nanoparticles in the PMMA matrix significantly improved the dielectric constant of nanocomposite films.
HRTEM micrographs of BaTiO3 (240 nm)/PMMA and magnified view of BaTiO3 (50 nm)/PMMA/Al(NO3)3 · 9H2O composite particles in each suspension, and FESEM micrograph of electrodeposited three‐phase nanocomposite film. 相似文献