乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯-α-烯烃三元共聚物

以乙烯、醋酸乙烯酯和α-烯烃为原料,以偶氮二异丁腈为引发剂,通过高压本体聚合制备三元聚合物.考察了聚合条件对共聚物数均分子量和醋酸乙酯(VA)质量分数的影响.结果表明:在引发剂用量为1.1g,反应压力为6 MPa,反应温度95℃,醋酸乙烯酯和α-烯烃的质量比为2:1的条件下能得到数均分子量为8 600和VA质量分数为0.35的产物.实验证明该产物性能优良,可作为蜡的添加剂.     

EVA、PVAc的水解行为与热稳定性研究

采用加速热水解、化学滴定法、红外光谱法、热重以及差示扫描量热法对比研究了聚醋酸乙烯酯(PVAc)和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)的水解动力学和热稳定性。结果表明:PVAc的水解速率是EVA的25~30倍,这是由于EVA分子结构中乙烯链的引入降低了酯基密度,与酯基相邻的双键的空间保护作用,使得EVA获得良好的水解稳定性,同时,也大大增加了分子结构的稳定性。PVAc粘结剂在长贮过程中容易发生降解,而EVA粘结剂可显著改善弹药的长贮失效.     

柴油低温流动性改进剂的研制及性能评价Ⅱ.柴油低温流动性改进剂组分之间的协同效应

研究评价了本课题组合成的低温流动性改进剂蜡晶分散剂M分别与乙烯 -醋酸乙烯酯共聚物、聚甲基丙烯酸高级酯之间的协同效应。结果表明 :M组分与乙烯 -醋酸乙烯酯共聚物复配使用时表现出了良好的协同效应 ,M和乙烯 -醋酸乙烯酯聚合物以及聚甲基丙烯酸高级酯组成的三元复配体系的协同效应更强 ,M具有助降冷滤作用。研究结果还表明 ,协同作用取决于M组分的分子结构 ,其中烃基链的长短具有重要影响。     

熔融法制备EVA/OMMT纳米复合材料及其热性能和动态力学性能

熔融法制备EVA/OMMT纳米复合材料及其热性能和动态力学性能;乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物;蒙脱土;动态储能模量     

氯乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯-乙烯醇共聚物及其与异氰酸酯固化体系的扭辮分析

本工作用扭辫分析法测定了氯乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯(VC-VAc)共聚物及分子量近似相同(乙烯醇含量不同)的四种氯乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯-乙烯醇(VC-VAc-VA)三元共聚物的热力谱。同时还测定了四种(VC-VAc-VA)共聚物与等当量或非等当量的4,4＇-二苯基甲烷二异氰酸酯交联体系的热力谱。(VC-VAc)共聚物水解引入羟基对玻璃化温度有一定的影响;但交联对玻璃化温度影响更大。对于等当量交联体系,交联点密度与玻璃化温度呈线性关系;而对于非等当量交联体系,交联点密度与玻璃化温度的关系更为复杂。     

乙烯类聚合物-炭黑复合物的PTC效应

本文以低密度聚乙烯(LDPE)和乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)为基材,炭黑(CB)为导电微粒,探讨了聚合物-炭黑复合物的结构对正温度系数效应(PTC)增强与减弱的影响和炭黑含量与PTC效应的关系以及交联结构对PTC现象的稳定作用.     

碳纳米管在聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物不相容共混体系中的选择性分散

采用熔融共混法制备了碳纳米管(CNT)填充改性的聚对苯二甲酸丙二酯(PTT)/乙烯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物(EVA)三元复合材料.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、接触角测量仪、旋转流变仪等研究了该复合材料中碳纳米管的分布、不相容的相形态以及流变和力学性能.研究结果表明,与EVA相比,PTT组分具有较低...     

完全交替结构乙烯-丙烯共聚物的制备与表征

对顺-1,4含量为100%的高顺式聚异戊二烯(HCPI)进行加氢反应,得到了序列结构高度规整的乙烯-丙烯交替共聚物(alt-EP).所用的HCPI有适当的分子量(Mn=41×104)和极窄的分子量分布(Mw/Mn=1.02).HCPI的加氢反应以环烷酸镍和三异丁基铝为催化剂,在60℃和4.0MPa氢压的条件下反应3h,加氢产物的加氢度为100%.GPC测试结果显示所得乙烯-丙烯交替共聚物保持了窄分布的特点,表明HCPI加氢后未发生交联和降解反应;NMR,FTIR和广角X射线衍射测试结果表明此乙烯-丙烯交替共聚物具有高度规整的序列结构,为完全交替结构的乙烯-丙烯共聚物.并通过TGA和DSC对乙烯-丙烯交替共聚物的热性能进行了表征.     

2,6-二异丙基苯酚改性负载型Ziegler-Natta催化剂及其乙烯-1-己烯共聚反应

研究了新型的改性负载型Ziegler-Natta催化剂,以期制备出组成分布较窄的乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物.通过2,6-iPr2C6H3-OH与TiCl4/ID/MgCl2型负载型钛催化剂在室温下的反应可将芳氧基接到催化剂表面,制得一种改性的烯烃聚合催化剂M-cat.改性催化剂对乙烯聚合及乙烯-1-己烯共聚反应的催化活性与未改性催化剂相近,但共单体效应较弱.前者共聚物的1-己烯含量低于未改性催化剂的产物,但组成分布较窄,分子量较高,且共聚物的沸腾正庚烷可溶级分的序列分布较接近无规分布.三异丁基铝为助催化剂所得聚合活性高于甲基铝氧烷活化的体系.改性催化体系的活性中心分布与未改性体系相比有明显的差别.     

丙烯酸丁酯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物胶乳粒子的结构和性能

电镜观察表明,丙烯酸丁酯-醋酸乙烯酯共聚物胶乳粒子均为核-壳结构,若配料比不同,含量大者为核,而加料方式不同,则先加者先聚合成核.微观结构不同,可明显地影响胶膜的力学性能、T_g和耐水性.根据胶乳粒子微观结构的观察结果,认为当醋酸乙烯酯>50mol%时,共聚的引发和成核是在水相中进行的.     

Predictive Models of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Copolymers with Powdered Zn Fillers

Metallic Zn filler was used to increase the electrical properties of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA). Other properties were also modified such as mechanical and thermal behavior. It is possible to predict the behaviour of EVA-Zn system by using different models.     

孪尾疏水缔合三元共聚物的粘度行为:水解度的影响

以十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为表面活性剂,利用氧化还原体系、采用前加碱共聚-共水解的方法制备了孪尾疏水缔合水溶性三元共聚物聚(丙烯酰胺／丙烯酸钠／N,N-二己基丙烯酰胺)[P(AM/NaAA／DiC6AM)],研究了P(AM／NaAA／DiC6AM)稀溶液及亚浓溶液的性能。随理论水解度的增加,P(AM／NaAA／DiC6AM)水溶液的特性粘数[η]增加,Huggins常数KH减小。P(AM／NaAA／DiC6AM)水溶液的表现粘度随理论水解度的增加而增加,随温度、剪切速率的增加而降低,随剪切速率的增加开始时降低较快而后变化较小。P(AM／NaAA/DiC6AM)在盐溶液中随NaCl、CaCl2质量浓度的增加,出现盐增粘现象;理论水解度不同的P(AM／NaAA／DiC6AM)与SDS水溶液的表现粘度在wSDS=0．050～0．400g／L范围内随SDS质量浓度的变化差别不大。     

Cellulose whiskers reinforced polyvinyl alcohol copolymers nanocomposites

Nanocomposite materials were prepared from copolymers of polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl acetate and a colloidal aqueous suspension of cellulose whiskers prepared from cotton linter. The degree of hydrolysis of the matrix was varied in order to vary the hydrophilic character of the polymer matrix and then the degree of interaction between the filler and the matrix. Nanocomposite films were conditioned at various moisture contents, and the dynamic mechanical and thermal properties were characterized using dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively. Tensile tests were performed at room temperature to estimate mechanical properties of the films in the non linear range. All the results show that stronger filler/matrix interactions occur for fully hydrolyzed PVA compared to partially hydrolyzed samples. For moist samples, a water accumulation at the interface was evidenced. The reinforcing effect was found to be all the higher as the degree of hydrolysis of the matrix was high.     

Synthesis and characterization of a novel terpolymer based on L‐lactide,glycolide, and trimethylene carbonate for specific medical applications

The bioresorbable new terpolymers of L ‐lactide, glycolide, and trimethylene carbonate were synthesized via ring‐opening polymerization reaction of the cyclic monomers using Stannous octoate as initiator. Glycolide and L ‐lactide were prepared from their parent acids and then purified by multiple re‐crystallization from ethyl acetate. The thermal and mechanical properties of this polymer were characterized by means of thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, stress–strain measurements, and dynamic mechanical analysis. The glass transition temperature of the terpolymers changed from 33 to 51°C with composition in a predictable manner. The rheological properties of copolymers and molecular weight of each copolymer were determined showing good processability for making fibers. Using a mini‐extruder, it was possible to produce some filaments. The filaments produced at 140°C had appropriate ductility. The in vitro measurements, specifying the biological properties were also carried out. The sample with monomer composition LLA:GA:TMC = 60:34:6 showed a slower degradation rate than the one with LLA:GA:TMC = 54:34:12. The low‐toxicity bioresorbable terpolymers with good rheological and in vitro properties are the promising new materials for biomedical applications specially a new suture formulation. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Radiation degradation of blends polypropylene/poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate)

Physicochemical and mechanical characteristics of irradiated electron beam polypropylene/ethylene-vinyl acetate (PP/EVA) blends and individual components were investigated. Although oxidation of alkyl radicals in the blends proceeds slower than in PP, the total oxidation effect monitored by content of oxygen-containing groups shows opposite tendency. Blending with EVA does not affect degree of PP crystallinity. The enthalpy of melting and crystallization of the blends reveal phase separation between dispersed copolymer and PP matrix. In all studied blends, degradation prevails over tendency of EVA to cross-linking.     

Thermal oxidation resistance of bitumen modified with styrene-butadiene-styrene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers

The effect of a blend of styrene-butadiene-styrene and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers on the heat resistance of oxidized bitumen was examined. The structural and rheological properties of the modified bitumen were analyzed.     

Influence of colloidal structure of polymer mixes on adhesion strength of polyolefin compositions

Mixtures of low-density polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer are studied. It is shown that the adhesion value is defined by the polymer that forms a dispersion medium in the adhesive compositions and the type of fracture depends on the competing influence of the physical and mechanical parameters and the reduced acidity parameter of the polymer, which forms a continuous phase.     

Ethylene-vinyl acetate semi-batch emulsion copolymerization: Use of factorial experiments for process optimization

The application of factorial experiments to optimize the ethylene-vinyl acetate emulsion polymerization process is described herein. A prior extensive experimental phase identified those variables that are most important for ethylene-vinyl acetate emulsion copolymer production. The effects of temperature, pressure, added co-solvent, vinyl acetate feed rate and emulsifier type, and concentration on the rate of polymerization, cumulative copolymer composition, molecular weight averages, and particle size and number are described in this article. The primary objectives of this research were to increase the amount of ethylene that could be incorporated into the copolymer at reduced temperatures and pressures (our target was a copolymer with an ethylene content of 30% by weight at 500 psig and 20°C versus the commonly employed industrial conditions in excess of 1000 psig), to achieve an improved process understanding, and to accumulate reliable data for modelling purposes. A copolymer containing 34% by weight of ethylene has been achieved at a pressure of 500 psig and a temperature of 20°C. The confusion present in the literature surrounding emulsifier effects has also been clarified. A discussion of hydrolysis, experimental reproducibility, and glass transition temperatures is also included. The sequential nature of the experimental process is illustrated throughout these optimizing experiments. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Effect of magnesium methacrylate on the mechanical properties of EVM vulcanizate

High performance ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVM) vulcanizate was obtained by directly blending EVM with magnesium methacrylate (MDMA) at a high level. The mechanical properties and crosslink density of the peroxide-cured EVM vulcanizates were investigated. Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA) was used to study dynamic properties of EVM reinforced by MDMA. The results showed that the commercial MDMA can greatly improve the modulus at 100% and tensile strength of the EVM vulcanizates, while retaining their high elongation at break. DMTA results revealed that the glass transition temperature (T_g) of the vulcanizate shifted to lower temperature with the increase of MDMA loading. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum indicated that the double bonds in MDMA reacted after peroxide curing. Crosslink density analysis showed that EVM vulcanizate contained both ionic bonds and covalent bonds. Ionic crosslinks greatly increased with increasing amount of MDMA and dicumyl peroxide (DCP).     

Viscosity of Blends of Pectins of Various Origins with Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymers

The rheological properties of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers of various compositions in blends with pectins of various origins (pectins recovered from apple pulp, watermelon peel, and citrus fruits) were studied. The degrees of swelling of blend films in water were measured.