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黑索今的新型合成路线 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以乙腈/三聚甲醛为原料合成1,3,5-三乙酰基-均-三嗪(TRAT),再硝解制备黑索今(RDX)。 聚合反应中,当n(CH3CN)∶n(C3H6O3)=2∶1,n(H2SO4)∶n(C3H6O3)=1∶7.5,反应温度75 ℃,反应3 h时,TRAT的产率为95.2%。 硝解反应中,当n(N2O5)∶n(TRAT)=7∶1,n(HNO3)∶n(N2O5)=6∶1,反应温度45 ℃,反应1 h时,RDX的产率为87.2%。 RDX的全程产率为83.0%。 该工艺简单、易于控制,废酸污染小,有望应用于工业化生产。 相似文献
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《合成化学》2015,(6)
以芴(1)为原料,通过溴代、硝化、还原反应合成了2,7-二溴-4-氨基芴(4),其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR,IR和ESI-MS确证。分别对溴化、硝化和还原反应条件进行优化。结果表明:在最佳溴化反应条件[CHCl3为溶剂,Cu Br2为催化剂,1 90 mmol,n(1)∶n(Cu Br2)∶n(Br2)=1.0∶0.025∶2.89,于0℃反应24 h]下,溴化产物2,7-二溴芴(2)的产率93.8%;在最佳硝化反应条件[2 30 mmol,混合酸(85%硝酸+96%硫酸)为硝化试剂,n(2)∶n(HNO3)=1.0∶4.6,于70℃反应1 h]下,硝化产物2,7-二溴-4-硝基芴(3)的产率94.7%;在最佳还原反应条件(3 30 mmol,Zn/Ca Cl2为还原剂,回流反应4 h)下,4的产率89.5%。运用UV-Vis和荧光光谱初步研究了4的光学性质。结果表明:4的λmax为352.4 nm;在352.4 nm波长激发下,4的λem位于388.4 nm和412.2 nm,光带隙低至2.66 e V。 相似文献
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呋咱并[3,4-e]-4,6-二氧化-1,2,3,4-四嗪新法合成与表征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
自行设计了呋咱并[3,4-e]-1,2,3,4-四嗪-4,6-二氧化(FTDO)新的合成路线,采用3,4-二氨基呋咱(DAF)为起始原料,经过氧化﹑缩合﹑硝化﹑成环4步反应合成了FTDO,总收率为30.89%,并采用核磁共振光谱﹑红外光谱﹑质谱及元素分析等进行了结构表征.探讨了成环反应的机理,并研究了硝化及成环反应条件,确定硝化反应的最佳条件为:硝化试剂为100%HNO3,25℃下反应2 h,收率为99.54%;成环反应的最佳条件为:55℃下反应5 h,n(化合物4)∶n(P2O5)为1∶16,溶剂量为160 mL/g,收率为46.37%. 相似文献
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以邻苯二酚与溴乙烷为原料、聚乙二醇为相转移催化剂合成邻苯二乙醚,再经过冰醋酸和硝酸硝化得到对硝基邻苯二乙醚。研究了反应温度、反应时间、原料摩尔比和催化剂用量等对反应收率的影响,获得了合成邻苯二乙醚的优化工艺条件:n(C6H4(OH)2)∶n(NaO H)∶n(C2H5Br)=1∶2.6∶2.4,反应温度80℃,反应时间4h,催化剂用量2g,该反应条件下邻苯二乙醚平均收率88%。混酸硝化条件下合成对硝基邻苯二乙醚的较佳工艺条件为n(C10H14O2)∶n(HNO3)=1∶1.2,乙酸25mL,反应时间30min,反应温度20℃,该反应条件下对硝基邻苯二乙醚平均收率为99%。 相似文献
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以4-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苄基氨基)-2-[(2S)-2-羟甲基-1-吡咯烷基]-5-嘧啶羧酸乙酯为原料,合成了4-(3-氯-4-甲氧基苄基氨基)-2-[(2S)-2-羟甲基-1-吡咯烷基]-N-(2-吡啶甲基)-5-嘧啶甲酰胺,研究了此种阿伐那非类似物的合成条件优化,考察了投料比、反应温度、反应时间等因素对产率的影响.获得较高产率的反应条件为n(C6H8N2)∶n(C18H21ClN4O4)∶n(EDCI)∶n(HOBt)∶n(Et3N)=1.2∶1∶1.2∶1.2∶2,在搅拌下,60℃反应6h,经过后处理,柱层析纯化,得到类白色固体产物,产率为84.3%.所合成的产物经FT-IR、1 H NMR、13 C NMR、ESI-MS得到验证. 相似文献
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以固体超强酸SO4^2-/ZrO2-Fe2O3催化合成醋酸异戊酯 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以合成醋酸异戊酯为探针反应,筛选出制备固体超强酸SO2-4 /ZrO2- Fe2O3 (SZF -1 )的最佳工艺条件为:ZrOCl2·8H2O9. 7g, FeCl3·6H2O16. 2g, 常温陈化24h, 0. 5mol·L-1 H2SO4 (15mL·g-1 )浸泡5h, 550℃焙烧3h。以SZF 1为催化剂合成醋酸异戊酯的反应条件为:异戊醇200mmol, n(异戊醇)∶n(醋酸) =1. 0∶1. 3, SZF -1 1g(反应物总质量的3% ), 环己烷15mL, 回流反应3h, 酯化率93. 47%。催化剂连续使用6次后酯化率仍在70%以上。 相似文献
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2,2-二(4-羟基-3,5-二硝基苯基)丙烷和2,2-二(4-羟基-3-硝基苯基)丙烷的合成 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
双酚A在不同的ω(HNO3)溶液中硝化可得到不同的产物。在ω(HNO3)=22%的硝酸溶液中硝化,反应温度30℃所得产物为2,2-二(4-羟基-3-硝基苯基)丙烷,在ω(HNO3)=63%的硝酸溶液中硝化,采用三段温度控制法(0℃-30℃-50℃)所得产物为2,2-二(4-羟基-3,5-二硝基苯基)丙烷。产物经柱色谱纯化后,其元素分析、IR,^1H NMR,^13C NMR和MS数据与结构相符。 相似文献
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用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%. 相似文献
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Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction
Laurent Gavara Thomas Boisse Jean-Pierre Hénichart Adam Daïch Philippe Gautret 《Tetrahedron》2010,66(38):7544-5571
In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments. 相似文献
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The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula. 相似文献
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Rebecca J. Burton Mandy L. CrowtherNeal J. Fazakerley Shaun M. FilleryBarry M. Hayter Jason G. KettleCaroline A. McMillan Paula PerkinsPeter Robins Peter M. SmithEmma J. Williams Gail L. Wrigley 《Tetrahedron letters》2013
The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines. 相似文献
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KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields. 相似文献
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N. A. Nedolya 《Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds》2008,44(10):1165-1219
The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff
at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry
of Heterocyclic Compounds.
Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee.
Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008. 相似文献
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Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp3)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products. 相似文献
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《Tetrahedron》2014,70(21):3377-3384
The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative. 相似文献
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Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields. 相似文献