一个适用于非线性板壳问题的广义变分原理

本文在现时拉格朗日(UL)描述下推导了适用于有限变形及率敏感非弹性材料的广义变分原理。以位移率和应变率为独立变量使它较适于在非弹性材料的板壳问题中应用。并推导了两种率敏感塑性模型(Bodner和Perzyna)的统一的计算增量表达形式。     

带孔隙损伤的弹性固体的广义变分原理

应用弹性微结构理论,建立了具广义力场带孔隙损伤线弹性固体的基本模型．应用变积方法,同时分别建立了带孔隙损伤弹性固体四类和两类变量的广义变分原理,这些变分原理对应着带孔隙损伤弹性固体微分方程和初值边值条件．应用弹性微结构理论,建立了带孔隙损伤的弹性Timoshenko 梁的基本方程,得到带孔隙损伤的弹性Timoshenko 梁两类变量的广义变分原理．这些广义变分原理为近似求解带孔隙损伤的弹性问题提供了有效途径．     

Variational Characterization of a Quasi-rigid Body

The rigidity of a body usually is characterized by the kinematical assumption that the mutual distance between any two of its particles remains unaltered in any possible deformation. However, from this alone nothing can be said about the internal contact forces exerted between adjacent sub-bodies. Therefore, the determination and form of an internal state of stress for a rigid body is problematical. Here, we will show that by considering such a kinematical characterization as an internal constraint for an elastic body, the constrained body inherits the mechanical structure of the elastic parent theory, i.e., the internal constraint generates an associated set of Lagrange multiplier fields which can be interpreted as an internal constraint reaction pseudo-stress field with the same structure as the state of stress in the parent elastic body. Thus, although the final deformation is the same for both the rigid body and the rigidly constrained elastic body, the latter corresponds to a richer model and, to emphasize this distinction, we refer to it as a quasi-rigid body. While in equilibrium the pseudo-stress field of a quasi-rigid body will satisfy equations identical to the equilibrium equations for the stress field in the elastic parent theory, such equations are not, in general, sufficient to assure uniqueness. In order to overcome this indeterminacy, we consider the quasi-rigid body as the limit of a sequence of deformable bodies, where each member of the sequence is identified by a material parameter such that, as this parameter tends to infinity, the body to which it refers is rigidified. Our approach is variational, i.e., we consider a sequence of minimization problems for hyperelastic bodies whose elastic strain energy is multiplied by a penalty term, say 1/ε . As ε→?0, body distortions are more and more penalized so that the sequence of the displacement fields tends to a rigid displacement field, whereas the sequence of the associated stress fields tends to a definite non-zero limit. It will be shown that among all pseudo-stress fields that satisfy the equilibrium equations for the quasi-rigid body, the unique limit of the sequence as ε→0 minimizes a functional analogous to the complementary energy functional in classical linearized elasticity. This result permits its unique determination without having to consider the whole sequence of penalty problems.     

Electroelastic Characteristics of a Piezoelectric Transformer Plate

The expressions for the electrostatic induction and input admittance of a piezoelectric transformer plate are generalized     

Derivation of the Linear Elastic String Model from Three-Dimensional Elasticity

We derive a one-dimensional model for the displacement and torsion of an elastic string starting from a cylindrical three-dimensional linearized prestressed elastic body with small diameter. The prestress is due to the prior elastic deformation of an isotropic, homogenous, elastic body. We deduce the scaling of forces by a formal asymptotic expansion. Then we prove that the family of solutions of three-dimensional problems converges to a limit that is the unique solution of the string model. Coefficients of the string model depend on the three-dimensional elasticity coefficients and the tension due to the predeformation.     

Two-Dimensional Electroelastic Problem for a Multiply Connected Piezoelectric Body

In this paper, we present the basic relationships for the complex potentials of a two-dimensional electroelastic problem, their general representations for a multiply connected domain, expressions for stress, displacement, electrostatic field intensity and induction, and potential. A closed solution is found for a body with one elliptic cavity or one elliptic crack under the action at infinity of a constant electroelastic field or concentrated forces and charges     

Cases of Integrability of Three-Dimensional Dynamic Equations for a Solid

A dynamic model of the interaction of a rigid body with a jet flow of a resistant medium is considered. This model allows us to obtain three-dimensional analogs of plane dynamic solutions for a solid interacting with the medium and to reveal new cases where the equations are Jacobi integrable. In such cases, the integrals are expressed in terms of elementary functions. The classical problems of a spherical pendulum in a flow and three-dimensional motion of a body with a servoconstraint are shown to be integrable. Mechanical and topological analogs of these problems are found     

Slow Entropy for Noncompact Sets and Variational Principle

This paper defines and discusses the dimension notion of topological slow entropy of any subset for \({{\mathbb {Z}}}^d-\) actions. Also, the notion of measure-theoretic slow entropy for \({\mathbb {Z}}^d-\) actions is presented, which is modified from Brin and Katok (Geometric Dynamics, Springer, Berlin 1983). Relations between Bowen topological entropy Bowen (Trans Am Math, 184:125–136, 1973), and topological slow entropy are studied in this paper, and several examples of the topological slow entropy in a symbolic system are given. Specifically, a variational principle is proved.     

Plane Problem of Three-Dimensional Stability of a Cracked Plate

A plane stability problem for an isotropic plate with a central crack is solved exactly. The plate is hinged and compressed along the crack by a surface load of constant intensity. An approximate solution is found using the mesh approach. The effect of the mechanical and geometric characteristics of the plate on the behavior of the critical factors is studied     

On Aspects of Asymptotics for Plate Equations

In this paper some initial-boundary value problems for plate equations will be studied. These initial-boundary value problems can be regarded as simple models describing free oscillations of plates on elastic foundations or of plates to which elastic springs are attached on the boundary. It is assumed that the foundations and springs have a different behavior for compression and for extension. An approximation for the solution of the initial-boundary value problem will be constructed by using a two-timescales perturbation method. For specific parameter values it turns out that complicated internal resonances occur.     

Mixed Convection Effect on Melting from a Vertical Plate in a Porous Medium

In the present work, the effect of mixed convection about vertical surfaces on the phenomenon of melting process in a fluid-saturated porous medium is analyzed on the basis of boundary layer approximations. Similarity solutions are obtained for aiding external flow. The final similarity equations are integrated numerically by use of the fourth-order Runge–Kutta method. Results are reported for the flow and thermal fields in the melt region. The melting phenomenon decreases the local Nusselt number at the solid–liquid interface.     

Junction Between a Plate and a Rod of Comparable Thickness in Nonlinear Elasticity

We analyze the asymptotic behavior of a junction problem between a plate and a perpendicular rod made of a nonlinear elastic material. The two parts of this multi-structure have small thicknesses of the same order δ. We use the decomposition techniques obtained for the large deformations and the displacements in order to derive the limit energy as δ tends to 0.     

压电板壳自由振动的三维精确分析

本文简要评述了压电材料板壳结构的研究现状,着重介绍了近年来我们在压电板壳三维分析方面所做的工作：（1）四边简支横观各向同性压电矩形板的状态空间分析方法：（2）横观各向同性压电圆板和环板的状态空间分析方法;（3）横观各向同性压电圆柱壳和球面各向同性压电球壳耦合振动的精确分析。这些工作都直接从压电弹性力学三维基本方程出发,不引进任何变形假设,因此可作为二维简化理论和数值计算方法的校核标准。文末对今后压电材料板壳的研究方向也作了展望。     

Singularities of Three-Dimensional Cubic Piezoelectric Quasicrystal Composite Wedges and Spaces

In this paper,the planar problems of three-dimensional(3D)cubic piezoelectric quasicrystal composite wedges and spaces are investigated.The study focuses on the singular behaviors of interface corner and interface crack of composite wedges and spaces.To research the stress singularities,the stress function is assumed to have the exponential form.Based on the Stroh formalism and Barnett-Lothe matrices,we derive a crucial matrix concerned with material properties and wedge angle and obtain the transcendental equation determining the singular orders by simple multiplication of the crucial matrix.Numerical examples of the singular orders are given for some general cases including single,bi-material,and tri-material wedges and spaces under different boundary conditions.The correctness of numerical results is verified by comparison with the existing results of piezoelectric material.Numerical results show that the phonon field,phason field,electric field,material properties,and boundary conditions have great influences on singularities.     

The Method of R-Functions in the Solution of Elastic Problems on the Basis of Reissner's Mixed Variational Principle

A method is presented for solving boundary-value elastic problems on the basis of the variational–structural method of R-functions and Reissner's mixed variational principle. A mathematical formulation is given to problems on the deformation of elastic bodies under mixed boundary conditions and bodies interacting with smooth rigid dies. Solutions satisfying all the boundary conditions are proposed. For undetermined components of these solutions, the resolving equations are derived and their properties are studied. A posteriori estimation of numerical solutions is made. As examples, solutions are found to a problem on the stress–strain state of a short cylinder and to a contact problem on a cylinder interacting with a smooth die. A numerical method of solving such problems is analyzed for convergence, and the accuracy of the solutions is estimated.     

理想粘塑性流体润滑问题的参变量变分原理

本文给出了理想粘塑性流体润滑问题的参变量变分原理.在膜厚方向压力为常数的假设下,塑性剪切滑移面将发生在固液交界面上,因而可以选择边界速度滑移量为参变量(控制变量).文中讨论了采用有限元求解时的实施过程,原问题最后可化为求解带约束条件的参数二次规划问题.该方法简单可靠,具有良好的工程应用前景.     

Simplified Navier-Stokes Equations for Internal Mixed Flows and a Numerical Method of Solution

Simplified Navier-Stokes equations, of the elliptic and hyperbolic type in the subsonic and supersonic flow regions, respectively, are derived for viscous flows in channels and nozzles with curved walls whose local radii of longitudinal curvature are comparable with the transverse channel dimensions. A new numerical method is developed for the system of equations obtained. This method is of the evolution type along the longitudinal coordinate and includes global iterations of the streamline direction field and the longitudinal pressure gradient field. The effectiveness of the method is illustrated with reference to the solution of the direct Laval nozzle problem for an air flow at Reynolds numbers Re10⁴ and 10⁶ in conical nozzles with throat curvatures K _w=1.0 and 1.6 (K _w is the curvature divided by the inverse radius of the nozzle throat). Two iterations are sufficient to calculate the nozzle flow rate and power correct to 0.01%.     

Plane Problem of Three-Dimensional Stability for a Hinged Plate with Two Symmetric End Cracks

The plane stability problem for a rectangular plate with two symmetric end cracks is solved in three-dimensional formulation. The three-dimensional linearized theory of stability and the finite-difference method are used. The effect of the crack parameter on the critical load is examined__________Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 41, No. 4, pp. 47–52, April 2005.