强阴离子交换柱分离-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)

本文报道水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的Supelco强阴离子交换(SAX)柱分离-氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱(HG-AFS)法检测的新方法.方法的检出限为0.0466 μg/L,相对标准偏差为0.89%～1.01%,加标回收率为95.10%～105.30%.该方法具有操作简单,分离效果好,测定精确度、准确度高等优点.将其应用于水样分析,可测定水中砷的不同价态.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法对环境水样中砷(Ⅲ)与砷(Ⅴ)的直接测定

建立了氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱直接测定水样中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的方法,操作简便,实用性强.考察了HCl和KBH4浓度对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)测定灵敏度的影响以及共存元素的干扰情况.通过测定经还原剂还原前后水样中砷的荧光强度,计算出As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的含量.方法检出限为As(Ⅲ) 0.085 μg·L-1 ,As(Ⅴ) 0.108 μg·L-1.As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的加标回收率分别为96% ～104%和97% ～104%,RSD均小于6%.该法用于实际水样的测定,结果较为满意.     

流动注射-氢化物发生-非色散原子荧光光谱法直接测定海水中的砷(Ⅲ)和砷(Ⅴ)的研究

用流动注射-氢化物发生-非色散原子荧光光谱法对海水中 As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的直接测定进行了研究.氢化物发生的最佳条件为:KBH4 溶液浓度为 5 g·L-1(含KOH 5g·L-1),流速 10.0 mL·min-1;样品酸度为1.3mol·L-1 HCl,流速4.2 mL·min-1.对基体 NaCl,MgCl2,CaCl2,Na2SO4以及微量共存金属离子(Cd,Zn,Pb,Cu)的干扰实验结果表明,基体和微量共存金属离子对 As(Ⅲ)的测定没有干扰.样品中As(Ⅴ)的测定用硫脲进行预还原,通过总量和As(Ⅲ)含量的差减得到As(Ⅴ)含量.在优化实验条件下测得方法的检出限(3σ)为0.08 ng·mL-1;7次测定的相对标准偏差为0.48%～1.30%(8.0 ng·mL-1标准溶液).标准曲线和标准加入法对海水样品测定的对照结果表明,两种方法测定结果吻合较好.该方法已应用于近岸海水和大洋海水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的直接测定.     

基于响应面法优化的La(OH)3吸附水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)特性对比

以La(OH)_3为原材料,探究其对水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的吸附性能,并考察吸附剂投加量、p H值、初始浓度及温度对As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)吸附效果的影响。在单因素初步实验基础上,采用响应面法对La(OH)_3吸附水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)过程进行优化,并研究等温吸附及吸附动力学、热力学特性。结果表明,水中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的最佳去除条件分别为:投加量为0.437g和0.469g,p H值为4.365和3.672,初始浓度为106.716mg/L和108.65mg/L,该条件下As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的去除率分别达71.68%和99%以上,且相同条件下As(Ⅴ)的去除效果要优于As(Ⅲ)。等温吸附及动力学拟合结果表明,As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的吸附等温线均符合Freundlich模型,相同条件下As(Ⅴ)优于As(Ⅲ)的吸附效果,As(Ⅴ)在200mg/L时的吸附量是As(Ⅲ)的1.43倍,吸附过程均遵循准二级动力学模型,吸附过程为吸热且非自发反应过程。     

高效液相色谱-(紫外)氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定南极磷虾及其制品中6种砷形态

建立了南极磷虾及其制品中6种砷形态的高效液相色谱-(紫外)氢化物发生原子荧光光谱(HPLC-(UV) HG-AFS)分析方法,对流动相浓度及pH值、泵速和负高压等条件进行了优化。在最佳实验条件下,亚砷酸(As(Ⅲ))、砷酸(As(Ⅴ))、一甲基砷酸(MMA)、二甲基砷酸(DMA)、砷甜菜碱(AsB)和砷胆碱(AsC)在5～100μg/L范围内线性关系良好(r~20.999 0),检出限(LOD,S/N≥3)均为0.01 mg/kg,定量下限(LOQ,S/N≥10)均为0.03 mg/kg;在0.01、0.05、0.10 mg/kg加标水平下,回收率为89.2%～108%,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为3.4%～14%。采用该方法测定了南极磷虾及其制品中6种砷形态,无机砷(AsⅢ和AsⅤ)含量均低于水产品及其制品中无机砷的国家限量标准。该方法操作简单,适用范围广,结果准确可靠,可用于南极磷虾及其制品中砷的形态分析。     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定铝合金中痕量砷

建立了测定铝合金中痕量砷HG-AFS分析方法.采用王水溶解样品,在硫脲和抗坏血酸的存在下将As(Ⅴ)还原为As(Ⅲ),以KBH4溶液(20g/L)作为还原剂,HCl(5+95)溶液作为载流,用原子荧光光谱法测定样品中痕量砷.在选定的实验务件下,方法的线性范围为0.05～40μg/L,线性回归方程为,If=108.17+272.49ρ(μg/L),相关系数r=0.9997,检出限0.019μg/L.并与ICP-AES法进行了对照试验.     

树脂预分离氢化物-原子荧光光谱法测定水中的As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)

建立了As(Ⅲ)、As(V)的树脂分离 氢化物 原子荧光光谱分析方法。利用717阴离子交换树脂选择性的吸附水中的As(Ⅴ),从而实现了对水样中As(Ⅲ)和As(Ⅴ)的分离。考察了溶液的pH和流速以及洗脱剂浓度等条件对分离效果的影响,同时研究了仪器的工作条件、KBH4质量浓度和介质浓度对砷原子荧光强度的影响,并对测定砷时共存离子的干扰和消除进行了探讨。在最佳工作条件下,砷的检出限为0.096μg L,相对标准偏差为2.1%,将该方法应用于水样分析,其回收率为94.7%～107.9%。     

HPLC-AFS联用测定海产品中砷的形态

建立了高效液相色谱-原子荧光分光光度法测定海产品中无机砷(As V,AsⅢ)、有机砷(DMA,MMA,AsB)含量的方法.样品经含10％(体积分数)HC1的提取液振荡提取、离心分离、二路形态分析预处理、高效液相色谱分离,用原子荧光光度计检测As(Ⅲ),DMA,MMA,As(v);四路条件(过氧化氢氧化和开启紫外灯)形态分析预处理装置处理,高效液相色谱分离,原子荧光光度计测定AsB.As(Ⅲ)线性范围为0～100.00 μg/L,r2=0.9997;DMA线性范围为0～100.00 μg/L,r2=0.9993;MMA线性范围为0～100.00 μg/L,r2=0.9990;As(Ⅴ)线性范围为0～100.00 μg/L,r2=0.999 1;AsB线性范围为0～200.00 μg/L,,r2=0.9994.3个样品加标回收率为As(Ⅲ)86.7％～89.4％,DMA 111.2％～117.0％,MMA 109.7％～111.6％,As(Ⅴ) 83.8％～90.7％,AsB 88.3％～90.4％.用该方法测定虾仁(干)5个价态测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.07％～9.93％(n=6).5个价态的检出限(S/N=2)为As(Ⅲ)0.29 μg/L,DMA 0.36 μg/L,MMA 0.27 μg/L,As(V) 0.56 μg/L,AsB l.46 μg/L.该方法适用于海产品中As(Ⅲ),DMA,MMA,As(V),AsB含量的测定.     

HPLC-ICP-MS测定中药中砷的形态

报道了高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱(HPLC-ICP-MS)联用技术测定中药中砷的形态.采用阴离子交换柱,以含0.2 mmol/L乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)和2 mmol/L NaH2PO4的水溶液为流动相,pH 6.0,流速为1.0 mL/min,成功分离了亚砷酸(AsⅢ)、砷酸(AsⅤ)、甲基砷(MMA)和二甲基砷(DMA).检出限分别为0.67 μg/L (AsⅢ),0.85 μg/L (DMA),0.43 μg/L (MMA),0.70 μg/L (AsⅤ).中药样品经过(1 1)甲醇水溶液超声提取,离心、过滤、氮气吹干甲醇,超纯水定容.样品加标平均萃取回收率分别为: 92.8% (AsⅢ),108% (DMA),104% (MMA),101% (AsⅤ),RSD (n=7)均小于10%.     

As(Ⅴ)存在下阻尼动力学荧光法测定痕量As(Ⅲ)

基于KBrO3与HCl反应,其产物能使丁基罗丹明B荧光猝灭,在As（Ⅴ）共存时As（Ⅲ）能灵敏抑制该反应,据此建立了测定痕量As（Ⅲ）的新方法.在最佳实验条件下,测定As（Ⅲ）的线性范围为7.7～153.8 ng/mL,方法的检出限为2.9 ng/mL.对30.8和92.3 ng/mL的As（Ⅲ）标准溶液平行测定11次,其相对标准偏差分别为1.3%和0.62%.并考察了常见物质的干扰情况.该方法用于环境水样中痕量As（Ⅲ）分析,回收率在98%～105%之间.并提出了可能的反应机理.     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.