助熔剂BaF2在制备BaSi2O5:Pb2+过程中的机理

采用高温固相合成法制备出BaSi₂O₅:Pb²⁺荧光体。考察了BaF₂的加入量对产物紫外发射强度的影响。用差示扫描量热分析,X射线衍射,光致发光光谱研究了掺入助熔剂BaF₂后BaSi₂O₅:Pb²⁺紫外发射强度显著增强的机理,并从热力学角度对实验结果作了分析。研究表明少量BaF₂的掺入加快了反应速度;降低了BaSi₂O₅:Pb²⁺形成温度,在高温下与SiO₂反应生成SiF₄气体,生成的SiF₄再与BaCO₃反应形成结晶良好的BaSi₂O₅:Pb²⁺荧光体。     

Synthesis and properties of a new copper(II)-hafnium phosphate Cu0.5Hf2(PO4)3

Phosphates of general formula M_0.5Hf₂(PO₄)₃ with M=Cd²⁺, Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺ and Cu²⁺ were prepared by coprecipitation and characterized by several physical techniques. The compounds containing Cd²⁺, Ca²⁺, Sr²⁺ belong to the Nasicon-type structure, whereas Cu_0.5Hf₂(PO₄)₃ exhibited substantially different DRX patterns. Combined temperature programmed reduction (TPR) and temperature-programmed oxidation (TPO) showed that the copper in Cu_0.5Hf₂(PO₄)₃ was distributed between two energetically different sites in proportions respectively equal to 40 and 60%. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) investigations confirmed the TPR/TPO results and revealed that the two sites hosting the Cu²⁺ ions are of orthorhombic symmetry. Moreover, the Cu²⁺ ions might be reduced by hydrogen to Cu⁺. These results were also supported by the UV–visible studies that showed the disappearance, under reducing conditions, of the band corresponding to crystal field transitions of Cu²⁺ ions and the emergence of a new peak attributed to the transitions between (3d)¹⁰ and (3d)⁹(4s)¹ Cu⁺ levels. At the same time, IR spectroscopy confirmed that protons entered the open lattice framework of the material and gave rise to a new protonated phase containing monovalent copper Cu_0.5^IH_0.5Hf₂(PO₄)₃. This redox process was proven to be reversible without any subsequent change in the network of the phosphate.     

Tuning the multiferroic properties of Pb(Fe1/2Nb1/2)O3 by cationic substitution

A series of substituted lead iron niobate compounds with the general formula Pb²⁺_(1−x)A^Z_x(Fe_{{(1−(2−Z)x)/2}}Nb_{{(1+(2−Z)x)/2}})O₃ (0<x<0.6 and A=La³⁺, K⁺ or Sr²⁺) were prepared by a modified solid-state synthesis. The relative concentrations of Fe³⁺ and Nb⁵⁺ were adjusted to compensate the charge imbalance due to the aliovalent substitution. The dielectric constant and magnetic susceptibilities were studied as a function of temperature. The temperature of the dielectric maximum, T_M, of the substituted compounds decreased linearly with increasing concentration of the substituent ions. The magnetic measurements showed an antiferromagnetic transition at temperatures T_N1 due to the superexchange interactions mediated by Fe–O–Fe and an additional antiferromagnetic-type transition at T_N2. T_N1 linearly increased with the increasing concentration of Fe³⁺ ion at the B-site of ABO₃-type substituted compounds. T_M is shown to be directly dependent on the concentration of the ferroactive Nb⁵⁺ ions at the B-site and Pb²⁺ ions at the A-site.     

BaGd2(MoO4)4:Tb3+,Eu3+荧光粉的 发光特性与能量传递机理

利用高温固相法制备了BaGd_2(MoO_4)_4∶Tb~(3+)与BaGd_2(MoO_4)_4∶Tb~(3+),Eu~(3+)荧光粉,并借助于X射线衍射(XRD)、激发光谱、发射光谱及荧光衰减曲线对样品的结构及发光性能进行了表征。在290 nm激发下,BaGd_2(MoO_4)_4∶Tb~(3+)样品在550 nm处具有较强的绿光发射,表明该样品可用作绿色荧光粉。Tb~(3+)离子的最佳掺杂浓度为50%,电偶极间相互作用是引起浓度猝灭效应的主要原因。当在BaGd_2(MoO_4)_4∶Tb~(3+)荧光粉中共掺入Eu~(3+)离子后,可同时观测到Tb~(3+)与Eu~(3+)离子的特征发射峰。随Eu~(3+)掺杂浓度的升高,Tb~(3+)离子的发光强度逐渐下降,而Eu~(3+)离子的发光强度逐渐增加。根据BaGd_2(MoO_4)_4∶Tb~(3+),Eu~(3+)中Tb~(3+)离子的荧光寿命计算了Tb~(3+)与Eu~(3+)离子间的能量传递效率,并根据荧光寿命与激活离子掺杂浓度的关系证实了能量传递机制为电偶极间相互作用。     

钙钛矿锰氧化物(La_(1-x)Eu_x)_(4/3)Sr_(5/3)Mn_2O_7(x=0,0.15)的磁性和电性研究

通过传统固相反应法制备了钙钛矿锰氧化物(La1-xEux)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7(x=0,0.15)多晶样品,并且对其磁性和电性进行了研究.磁性测量表明:随着温度的降低,样品经历了一个复杂的转变过程,在温度为T*时经历二维短程铁磁有序转变,在温度为TC时进入三维长程铁磁态.随着Eu的掺杂,T*和TC减小,并且样品(La0.85Eu0.15)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7在低温区表现出自旋玻璃行为.电性质测量表明:在母体La4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7中La位掺杂Eu后电阻率明显变大,金属绝缘转变温度TMI降低,磁电阻峰值增大.这些影响归因于较小的Eu3+离子替代La3+离子导致平均离子半径减小,晶格发生畸变.此外,较小的Eu3+离子优先占据层间岩盐层的R-site,使La3+,Sr3+,Eu3+离子在(La0.85Eu0.15)4/3Sr5/3Mn2O7中的分布更加有序,所以x=0.15的样品的ρ-T曲线只有一个峰.     

Mn2+, Pb2+共掺杂ZnS纳米材料制备及光致发光

采用聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)为表面包覆剂,在室温大气条件下的水溶液中制备了ZnS:Mn,Pb纳米晶。讨论了Mn²⁺和Pb²⁺掺杂量对ZnS纳米发光材料光致发光强度的影响,确定了Mn²⁺和Pb²⁺掺杂量相对于Zn²⁺的最佳的量的比,并对其发光机理进行了初步的探讨。     

钯在乙醇水溶液中与钌、银、铜和铅的析相绿色萃取分离

在硫酸铵存在下,乙醇水溶液能够分为醇/水两相,在分相过程中,Pd²⁺与KBr和C₂H₅OH₂⁺生成的[PdBr₄^2-][C2HsOH-2⁺]₂三元缔合物能被乙醇相萃取,使Pd²⁺与Ru²⁺、Ag⁺、Cu²⁺和Pb²⁺完全分离。该法在微量钯的分离和富集分析中有一定的实用价值。     

Ba10(PO4)4(SiO4)2∶Eu2+荧光体的光谱特性

采用高温固相法合成了荧光体Ba₁₀（PO₄）₄（SiO₄）₂：Ce³⁺和Ba₁₀（PO₄）₄（SiO₄）₂：Eu²⁺,研究了两种荧光体的光谱特性。结果表明,两者都呈现较强的宽带激发特征。根据同种基质中Eu²⁺和Ce³⁺两种离子光谱特征的相关性,通过测得的Ba₁₀（PO₄）₂（SiO₄）₂基质中Ce³⁺的光谱数据估算了Ba₁₀（PO₄）₂（SiO₄）₂：Eu²⁺中Eu²⁺的斯托克斯位移（ΔS）和激发能量,估算结果与Ba₁₀（PO₄）₂（SiO₄）₂：Eu²⁺样品的光谱分析结果十分吻合。Ba₁₀（PO₄）₂（SiO₄）₂：Eu²⁺可以同时被紫光和蓝光激发,发出偏白的绿光,可用作白光LED的荧光粉。     

La3+存在形式对白云鄂博稀选尾矿微晶玻璃性能的影响

选取白云鄂博稀选尾矿和粉煤灰为主要原料, 采用熔铸法制备了0–4 wt%La₂O₃掺杂的CaO-MgO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂系微晶玻璃. 利用DTA, XRD, SEM, TEM+EDS和性能测试手段研究La³⁺在白云鄂博稀选尾矿微晶玻璃中的存在形式及其对该微晶玻璃显微结构、抗折强度和耐腐蚀性的影响. 结果表明, La³⁺以置换固溶方式进入辉石主晶相, 1 wt%的La₂O₃可促进辉石主晶相形成. 超过1 wt%的La₂O₃与基础玻璃组分反应生成Ca₃La₆(SiO₄)₆第二相, 并与辉石相争夺Ca²⁺和Si⁴⁺离子来阻碍辉石相形成. 添加1 wt% La₂O₃的微晶玻璃综合性能最优, 其抗折强度和密度分别为198 MPa和3.18 g/cm³.     

真空紫外光激发下Ce3+、Tb3+激活的BaCa2(BO3)2的发光性质

利用XRD、VUV及UV光谱等方法对Ce³⁺、Tb³⁺离子掺杂以及Ce³⁺、Tb³⁺离子共掺的3种BaCa₂(BO₃)₂荧光粉的相纯度、发光性质、浓度猝灭现象进行研究。结果表明:3种荧光粉在VUV波段有较好的吸收,基质吸收带位于140～190 nm范围。Ce³⁺在BaCa₂(BO₃)₂的最低4f5d跃迁带位置在360 nm附近,其5d→²F_J(J=5/2, 7/2)发射峰分别位于393,424 nm。Tb³⁺掺杂的样品在172 nm激发下的发射光谱由4个窄带组成,分别对应⁵D₄→⁷F_J(J=3,4,5,6)的跃迁,其中占主导位置的是⁵D₄→⁷F₅的跃迁,大约位于543 nm处,主要为绿光发射。在Ce³⁺,Tb³⁺离子共掺杂的BaCa₂(BO₃)₂光谱中,观察到Ce³⁺-Tb³⁺离子间有能量传递。     

杯[8]芳烃-硝酸稀土配合物的红外光谱及荧光性能

合成了以对叔丁基杯[8]芳烃(LH₈)、硝酸根及DMF为配体,单一稀土RE³⁺(Sm³⁺、Eu³⁺、Tb³⁺、Dy³⁺)及混合稀土Tb³⁺:Ln³⁺(Ln=La³⁺,Gd³⁺,Y³⁺)为中心的7种稀土配合物,对其进行了元素分析、摩尔电导、热谱、红外光谱及荧光性能研究.荧光光谱的测试表明所有Tb³⁺及其共掺杂配合物具有较强的特征荧光发射,荧光惰性离子La³⁺、Gd³⁺、Y³⁺对Tb³⁺的荧光有增强作用,其中Y³⁺的荧光增强作用最大,Gd³⁺次之,La³⁺最小.     

分光光度法研究Hg2+与Ag+、Bi3+、Pb2+、Mg2+和Cr3+的绿色析相萃取分离

研究了正丙醇-KBr-水体系析相萃取分离和富集Hg2+的行为及Hg2+与一些金属离子分离的条件.实验表明,在一定条件下,正丙醇-KBr-水体系能使Hg2+与Ag+、Bi3+、Pb2+、Mg2+和Cr3+析相分离.     

红色长余辉材料Zn3(PO4)2：Mn2+,Ga3+的合成及光谱性质

采用高温固相法合成α、β和γ-Zn₃(PO₃)₂:Mn²⁺,Ga³⁺(ZPMG),XRD分析表明,高温合成过程中淬火条件有利于β相的形成,退火条件有利于γ相的形成。三种磷光粉的激发光谱分别位于246nm(α)、234nm(β和γ)的宽带谱。α相的发射光谱为位于508nm的锐线谱,β和γ相的发射光谱均存在两个谱带,分别位于508nm的绿色光谱区和616nm的红色光谱区。两种发射均归属为Mn²⁺的⁴T₁(⁴G)→⁶A_1g(⁶S)跃迁,但是由于Mn²⁺在Zn₃(PO₃)₂结构中的配位数不同,故发光颜色及强度均不同。对于余辉发射,只能观察到红色余辉光谱。     

Er,Yb：(LaLu)2O3透明陶瓷制备及上转换发光性能

采用柠檬酸燃烧法制备Er,Yb：（LaLu）₂O₃陶瓷粉体,用X射线衍射对其进行了物相鉴定,研究表明1 000℃时已经得到纯相的（LaLu）₂O₃。采用冷等静压-真空烧结法制备了Er,Yb：（LaLu）₂O₃和Er：（LaLu）₂O₃陶瓷,对陶瓷的结构和光谱性能进行了详细的研究,研究发现掺杂5% Yb³⁺和10% La³⁺样品的上转换发光强度与未掺Yb³⁺、La³⁺样品相比明显增大,根据上转换光谱显示较强发射峰位于564 nm和661 nm处,对应Er³⁺的⁴S_3/2（²H_11/2）→⁴I_15/2能级跃迁和⁴F_9/2→⁴I_15/2能级跃迁,并讨论了Er³⁺-Yb³⁺的能量传递过程及其上转换发光机制。     

Effect of P2O5 addition on the structural and spectroscopic properties of sodium aluminosilicate glass

The structural and spectroscopic properties of Na₂O-Al₂O₃-SiO₂-xP₂O₅ glasses（x = 0 to 7 mol%） are investigated.Both Raman and IR spectra reveal that discrete phosphate species([PO₄]^-3,[PO3O_1/2]^-2) with low polymerization degree can be formed in the silicate glass.These phosphate structures scavenge non-bridging oxygen ions and cations from the silicate network,resulting in an increase of the glass transition temperature.According to the Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters（Ω₂,Ω₄,Ω₆） of Er³⁺.the asymmetry of local environment around Er³⁺ becomes higher,and the bond covalency between Er³⁺ and O^2-decreases after P2O5 is introduced.In the emission spectra,photo-luminescence intensity increases with increasing P₂O₅ concentration and the spectra are inhornogeneously broadened,revealing that the ligand electric field around Er³⁺ is dramatically changed,and the glass matrix becomes disordered.     

Study of influence of metal ions on CdTe/H2O2 chemiluminescence

Water-soluble CdTe nanocrystals (NCs) were synthesized and applied to study the effect of metal ions on chemiluminescence (CL) of the CdTe/H₂O₂ system. The effects of experimental factors, such as pH, particle sizes of CdTe and reagent concentration, on kinetics curve and CL intensity of the CdTe/H₂O₂ system were examined. The results showed that under the optimal conditions Ba²⁺, Ca²⁺, Fe²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Cu²⁺ enhanced the CL intensity, and Cr³⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺ and Ag⁺ inhibited the CL intensity.     

Tb-Zn一维配位聚合物的合成及发光性质

采用流变相反应法合成了具有良好发光性能和可溶性的一维链结构配位聚合物Tb(Fur)₃(H₂O)₂.DMF和Tb₂Zn(Fur)₈(H₂O)₂及四核异金属配位聚合物Tb₂Zn₂(tpca)₁₀(phen)₂,用单晶和粉末X射线衍射法表征了晶体结构。在这些配合物中Tb³⁺分别是8配位、9配位和7配位,金属离子之间都是通过羧酸根-CO₂^-基团成桥连结。研究了配合物的紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光激发和发射光谱,讨论了配位结构对荧光光谱性质的影响。     

Ab initio Study of Electronic Structure and Magnetic Properties of Two Novel Neptunium （V） Sulfates： iaK3（ipO2）4（SO4）4（H2O）2 and iaipO2SO4H2O

Ab initio within the full potential linearized augmented plane wave （FP-LAPW） method with the GGA＋U approach is applied to study the electronic structures of two compounds NaK3（NpO2）4（SO4）4（H2O）2 and NaNpO2SO4H2O. The present calculations show that the major part of the spin magnetic moment in these two compounds is from Np（V） ions, and the origin of the cation-cation interactions between Np comes from the spin polarization effect within Np-ONv-Np bonds.     

RAMAN STUDY ON $X_i^-$(Pb) CENTERS IN SINGLE CRYSTALS OF ALKALI HALIDES DOPED WITH LEAD

Low frequency modes were observed in a series of alkali halides doped with lead after X-irradiation at 77K. The peak positions of the Raman signals are at 34cm^-1 for NaCl:Pb²⁺, 30cm^-1 for KCl:Pb²⁺,28cm^-1 for RbCl:Pb²⁺ and 22cm^-1 for KBr:Pb²⁺. They are assigned to the inelastic light scattering caused by the local vibration of X^-_i (Pb⁺) center, which consists of an interstitial halogen ion stabilized by a substitutional ion Pb⁺ . Polarized Raman measurements and Behavior Typer(BT) analysis show that the symmetry of the X^-_i (Pb⁺) center belongs to the point group C_3v A structure model of the X^-_i (Pb⁺) center is proposed based on the Raman data and the result of BT analysis.     

K5Bi(MoO4)4-Nd3+晶体生长和光学性质

在化学计量的熔料里,用提拉法生长了K₅Bi_0.9Nd_0.1(MoO₄)₄和K₅Bi_0.97Nd_0.03(MoO₄)₄单晶。该晶体属于三方晶系,空间群为R3m,Z=1.5,晶胞常数为a=6.023?,c=20.887?(Nd_0.1)。K₅Bi(Mo 关键词：