On the Occurrence of "Vacuum States" for 2 $\times$ 2 Quasilinear Hyperbolic Conservation Laws

We show that the solution Lo the Cauchy problem of 2 × 2 nonlinear conservation laws, in general, may go out the strictly hyperbolic region of the system in a finite time, here the initial data are given in the strictly hyperbolic region. In other words, in general, we can't confine our attention to solve the Cauthy problem of 2 × 2 nonlinear consenvation laws in strictly hyperbolic type. However, we can expect that it may be solved under the additional conditions (A) and (b).     

L-Factor of Irreducible x1×x2(×)σ

The L-factor of irreducible x1×x2(×)σ defined by Piatetski-Shapiro is computed by using non-split Bessel functional.     

$\alpha$-可分解4-圈系统

An m-cycle system of order v and index λ, denoted by m-CS（v,λ）, is a collection of cycles of length m whose edges partition the edges of λKv. An m-CS（v,λ） is α-resolvable if its cycles can be partitioned into classes such that each point of the design occurs in precisely α cycles in each class. The necessary conditions for the existence of such a design are m｜λv（v-1）/2,2｜λ（v -1）,m｜αv,α｜λ（v-1）/2. It is shown in this paper that these conditions are also sufficient when m = 4.     

Delta-Wave in a Simple 1-D 2x2 Hyperbolic Problem

A simple one-dimensional $2\times 2$ hyperbolic system is considered in the paper. The model contains a linear hyperbolic equation, as well as a hyperbolic equation of which the coefficients are about the solution of the linear one. The exact solution is presented and discussed, then numerical experiments are given by TVD (or MmB) type schemes for Riemann problems. From the results, we know that the solutions do have $\delta-$waves for some suitable initial data.     

分裂的$\delta$-Jordan 李三系

本文研究了任意分裂的$\delta$-Jordan李三系的结构,其为分裂的李三系的结构的推广. 利用这种三系的根连通, 得到了带有对称根系的分裂的 $\delta$-Jordan 李三系可以表示成 $T=U+\sum_{[\alpha]\in \Lambda^{1}/\sim} I_{[\alpha]}$,其中$U$是0根空间$T_{0}$的子空间,任意$I_{[\alpha]}$为$T$的理想, 并且满足 当$[\alpha]\neq [\beta]$时, $\{I_{[\alpha]},T,I_{[\beta]}\}=\{I_{[\alpha]},I_{[\beta]},T\}=\{T,I_{[\alpha]},I_{[\beta]}\}=0$.     

$\Phi $-functions for complex 2D-objects

Within two-dimensional cutting and packing problems with irregular shaped objects, the concept of -functions has been proven to be very helpful for several solution approaches. In order to construct such -functions a previous work, in which so-called primary objects are considered, is continued. Now -functions are constructed for pairs of objects which can be represented as a finite combination (union, intersection, complement) of primary objects which allows the handling of arbitrary shaped objects by appropriate approximations of sufficient accuracy.Received: October 2002, Revised: October 2003, AMS classification: 65K05, 90C26, 90B06All correspondence to: Guntram Scheithauer     

Ramanujan''s $\,_1\psi_1$ 公式的新证明

In this paper, we give a short proof of the celebrated Ramanujan＇s1ψ1 Formula.     

与$\zeta(2k 1)$函数有关的两类快速收敛级数

Values of new series sum（（（2n-1）!ζ（2n））/（2n ＋ 2k）!）α2n from n=1 to ∞,sum（（（2n-1）!ζ（2n））/（2n＋2k ＋1）!）β2n from n=1 to ∞ are given concerning ζ（2k ＋ 1）,where k is a positive integer,α can be taken as 1,1/2,1/3,2/3,1/4,3/4,1/6,5/6 and β can be taken as 1,1/2.Some previous results are included as special cases in the present paper and new series converges more rapidly than those exsiting results for α = 1/3,or α = 1/4,or α = 1/6.     

Criteria for $ \sigma $ -Solvability and Meta- $ \sigma $ -Nilpotency of a Finite Group

Siberian Mathematical Journal - We study some conditions for a group to be $ \sigma $ -solvable or meta- $ \sigma $ -nilpotent.     

The Riemann Problem for Weakly Perturbed 2 × 2 Hyperbolic Systems

The Cauchy problem for a strictly hyperbolic system of two quasilinear equations with weak perturbation is considered. The asymptotics with respect to a small parameter for a discontinuous solution of the nonperturbed problem is studied. Complete asymptotic expansions are constructed if the solution of the nonperturbed problem involves two shock waves. Bibliography: 4 titles.     

2m-Cycle Systems of K 2m+1\C m

For all m ≥ 3 the edges of complete graph on 2m + 1 vertices can he partitioned into m 2m-cycles and an m-cycle.     

A variational characterization for $\sigma_{n/2}$

We present here a conformal variational characterization in dimension n = 2k of the equation , where A is the Schouten tensor. Using the fully nonlinear parabolic flow introduced in [3], we apply this characterization to the global minimization of the functional.Received: 31 March 2003, Accepted: 10 July 2003, Published online: 25 February 2004Research supported in part by an NSF Postdoctoral Fellowship.     

赋$\beta$-范空间中的最佳逼近问题

本文讨论赋$\beta$-范空间中的最佳逼近问题.以[1]引进的共轭锥为工具,借助[2]中关于$\beta$-次半范的Hahn-Banach延拓定理,第二节给出赋$\beta$-范空间的闭子空间中最佳逼近元的特征,第三节得到赋$\beta$-范空间中任何凸子集或子空间均为半Chebyshev集的充要条件是空间本身严格凸,文章最后证明了严格凸的赋$\beta$-范空间中任何有限维子空间都是Chebyshev集.     

缺项算子矩阵的本性谱

Let =(A C X B)be a 2×2 operator matrix acting on the Hilbert space н( )κ.For given A ∈B (H),B ∈B(K)and C ∈B(K,H)the set Ux∈B(H,к)σe(Mx)is determined,where σe(T)denotes the essential spectrum.     

ON THE EQUATION $\square\phi =|\nabla \phi |^2$ IN FOUR SPACE DIMENSIONS

This paper considers the following Cauchy problem for semilinear wave equations in $n$ space dimensions $$\align \square\p &=F(\partial\p ),\\p (0,x)&=f(x),\quad \partial_t\p (0,x)=g(x), \endalign$$ where $\square =\partial_t^2-\triangle$ is the wave operator, $F$ is quadratic in $\partial\p$ with $\partial =(\partial_t,\partial_{x_1},\cdots ,\partial_{x_n})$. The minimal value of $s$ is determined such that the above Cauchy problem is locally well-posed in $H^s$. It turns out that for the general equation $s$ must satisfy $$s>\max\Big(\frac{n}{2}, \frac{n+5}{4}\Big).$$ This is due to Ponce and Sideris (when $n=3$) and Tataru (when $n\ge 5$). The purpose of this paper is to supplement with a proof in the case $n=2,4$.     

圈的$L(d_1,d_2,\ldots,d_t)$-数$\lambda(C_n;d_1,d_2,\ldots,d_t)$

An L（d0,d2,...,dt）-labeling of a graph G is a function f from its vertex set V（G） to the set {0,1,..., k} for some positive integer k such that If（x） - f（y）l ≥di, if the distance between vertices x and y in G is equal to i for i = 1,2,...,t. The L（d1,d2,...,dt）-number λ（G;d1,d2,... ,dt） of G is the smallest integer number k such that G has an L（d1,d2,...,dr）- labeling with max{f （x）｜x ∈ V（G）} = k. In this paper, we obtain the exact values for λ（Cn; 2, 2, 1） and λ（Cn; 3, 2, 1）, and present lower and upper bounds for λ（Cn; 2,..., 2, 1,..., 1）