Effect of Rotational Degree of Freedom on the Enhanced Prescission Particle Emission in 10.6MeV/u 84Kr+27Al Reaction

Effect of the rotational degree of freedom of In nucleus in three dimension space on prescission particle emission in 10.6MeV/u and 8.5MeV/u ⁸⁴Kr+²⁷Al collisions was studied in the framework of a statistical model. The calculation results show that for the latter incident energy,particle emission is insensitive to the rotational degree of freedom,while for the former one,the incorporation of this factor leads to the reduction of the extracted fission delay time from 20×10^－21s to 7.5×10^－21s,indicating the existence of this effect. The result also demonstrates that this effect is unable to completely account for the experimental data. In addition,the effect of rotational degree of freedom on particle evaporation prior to scission was found to depend on the excitation energy.     

Fission Time of the Reaction of 10.6MeV/u 84Kr(27Al,Quasi-fission)in Dynamical Model

The dynamical calculation of quasi-fission reaction induced by 10.6MeV/u ⁸⁴Kr on ²⁷Al is performed using one-body dissipation model.The calculation suggests a fission time larger than 200×10^－22 sec.It is found that the threshold for emergence of quasi-fission in the reactoin system is 8MeV/u.     

Extraction of Nuclear Temperature in 27Al+27Al Dissipative Collision

Energy coherence widths of the dissipative products in the collision ²⁷Al+²⁷Al are extracted from measurement of the excitation functions. Then, the nuclear temperature T of the intermediate dinuclear system are determined, and discussed by using a concept of coherence rotation.     

Extraction of Reaction Time in the 27Al+27Al Dissipative Collision

Interaction time ～4.3×10^－21s of the dissipative products in the collision ²⁷Al+²⁷Al is extracted from the measurement of excitation functions by using the developed Ericson statistical theory.     

Measurement of Angular Cross Correlation of the Cross Section Fluctuation in Dissipative Collision 27Al+27Al

The excitation function was measured from θ_lab=10.4° to 57.4° in dissipative collision ²⁷Al+²⁷Al with incident energy ranging from 114 to 123 MeV in step of 200 keV. The Angular-cross Correlation Functions (ACFs) of cross section fluctuation within large angle region were obtained through experiment for the first time. It is found that the angular coherent width is at least 40°. It is interesting that the ACFs is not simple bell shape but shows strong asymmetry. The over-all behavior is that ACF varies more quickly for the backward angles. Itis also noticed that the cross section fluctuation in the forward angle region (θ_cm<70°) shows much stronger angular coherence than in the backward angle region (θ_cm>70°). This angular dependence may be attributed to the coherent rotation effect of intermediate dinuclear system.     

Analysis of the Energy Autocorrelation Functions in Dissipative Heavy Ion Collision of 27Al+27Al

The excitation functions of the dissipative fragments emitted from the reaction of ²⁷Al+²⁷Al have been measured in the energy region from 114MeV to 127MeV in steps of 200keV. The detection system covered continuous angles from 10° to 57° in laboratory system. The energy autocorrelation functions of the dissipative fragments have been analyzed by using different approaches,especially using the statistical nuclear reaction model with memory. The results indicate that the intermediate dinuclear system formed in the dissipative process is set in a damped coherent nuclear rotation which causes the nonself averaging oscillation structure in the excitation functions and originates from a typical quantum chaotic motion.     

Measurement of Excitation Function and Analysis of StatisticalProperty in 27Al+27Al mssipative Reaction

The angular distribuhon in the range of 0_cm=50°—90° and excitation funchon of the reachon products in heavy ion dissipahve reachon ²⁷Al+²⁷Al were measured, in the incident energy region from 114MeV to 120MeV with 200keV step. The statishcal property of the fluctuation of the excitation funchon in heavy ion dissipative reaction was discussed based on the integration of the macro outgoing channels.     

Azimuthal Correlations of Fragments with Light Charged Particles in Reaction of 25MeV/u 40Ar+115In

The large angle correlations for in-plane and out-of-plane have been measured for the pairs of the fragments and light charged particles (LCPs) in the reaction of 25MeV/u ⁴⁰Ar+¹¹⁵In. The azimuthal correlation functions and the azimuthal asymmetry factors were obtained. The azimuthal correlation functions of all pairs between fragments and a particles are of minimum value in φ=90°plane. It indicates that the LCPs and fragments formed in the reaction exhibit an enhanced emission in the reaction plane due to collective rotation-like effect induced by attractive mean field. The more heavier the masses of the coincident LCPs and fragments are, the more stronger the left-right asymmetries of the coincident particles with respect to the beam direction in the reaction plane are, the more preferential the particle emission to the direction opposite to the coincident reaction products is. Along with the increase of the mass of the coincident LCPs and fragments, the influences of the sequential decay and particle final state interactions on the azimuthal correlation functions of the correlated pairs in the φ=0° plane decrease and vanish at last, the collective rotation-like effect is enhanced, and the azimuthal asymmetries increase.     

STUDY OF DEEP INELASTIC COLLISION 12C+27Al AT ENERGY 61.8MeV

By using ΔE-E telescope and the time of flight detector, the energy spectra of products between ⁶Li and ¹⁶O were measured for the reaction ¹²C+²⁷Al, at 61.8MeV. The contour plots of differential cross section in c.m. system and the angular distributions of emitted fragments were obtained. The calculated values of fully relaxed energies in deep inelastic collistions agree with the experimental values. The mean interaction time of di-nuclear system was estimated as from 1×10^－21s to 1.4×10^－22s     

Angular and Z Distributions of the Fragments at Forward and Intermediate Angles in the Reaction of 25MeV/u 40Ar+115In,58Ni,27Al

The angular & Z distributions of foe fragments emitted in the forward and intermediary angles are measured at the reaction of 25 MeV/u ⁴⁰Ar+¹¹⁵In,⁵⁸Ni,²⁷Al. Their characteristics are investigated based on the model of Modified Qantum Molecular Dynamics (MQMD). Generally, the theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the experiment data. But in the forward angles the yield of the fragments is underestimated by MQMD model while in the case of the intermediate angle region, the calculation is higher than the experiment data in some degree for the fragments whose charge numbers are in the vicinity of the proiectile. The angular & charge distributions of the fragments are also compared with the statistical model of GEMINI. The results turn out to be that a small proportion of the statistical evaporation component exists in the forward angles while in the intermediate angle region, this component increases to some extent. However, its ratio is still small. It is found that the equilibrium evaporation component decreases gradually when the Z of the fragments becomes smaller.     

RESEARCH OF RELAXATION PROCESS INDUCED BY 80.6MeV 16O ON 27Al

The decreasing coefficients of the angular distributions, the charge distributions and the first and second moments of the charge distributions with variation of TKEL are deduced from the results of the measurement of projectile-like fragments produced by 80.6MeV ¹⁶O on ²⁷Al. The relaxation process of this reaction is analysed, the effects of the potential energy surface on the first and recond moments of charge distributions are discussed.     

形变对10.6MeV/u 84Kr+27Al反应裂变前粒子发射的影响

研究了形变效应对10.6MeV/u ⁸⁴Kr+²⁷Al反应中断前粒子发射的影响.发现通过测量的裂变前粒子多重性提取的裂变延迟时间将因此从20×10^－21s减少到5×10^－21s,表明增强的断前粒子发射有一部分来自形变效应的贡献.     

Isotropic Distribution of the Projectile-Like Products in the Reaction 36Ar+124Sn at 35MeV/u

The projectile-like products at 5.3° in the reaction 35MeV/u 36Ar+ 124Sn were inclusively measured with good isotropic identification. With increasing kinetic energy, the average N/Z ratio of the products gradually decreases,approaching to that of the projectile. It is shown from the isospin dependent quantum mechanics(IQMD) that with the increasing of reaction time, the average kinetic energy of the projectile-like products decreases, while the N/Z ratio increases gradually. Moreover, the isotropic composition is obviously dependent on the impact parameter, and the N/Z ratio is becoming smaller with increasing collision centrality.     

Energy Correlations between Fragments and Light Charged Particles in Reaction of 25MeV/u 40Ar+115In

The correlations between the emitted fragments at θ_lab=15°and the light charged particles(LCPs) at the close geometry configuration in the reaction of 25MeV/u ⁴⁰Ar+¹¹⁵In were measured. The energy correlations between fragments (4≤Zf≤14) and the LCPs including proton, deuterium, tritium and a particle as well as the energy spectra of the LCPs were obtained. The result shows the existence of sequential decay mechanism. It is found that the peak position of angular correlation is at the small angles and the most probable correlation angle is at 2°or so; The peak positions of the two components in the energy spectra of LCPs increase gradually with the mass of correlated partner; The lighter primaly products are more easier to be excited and decay to IMFs and the LCPs. In the Sequential decay, the yield of the LCPs with more heavier mass is higher than that of the lighter LCPs. The result reveals that the total correlation yield ratios summed over the fragments of Z_f=4—14 are 1: 1. 3: 1. 78: 7. 57 for proton, deuterium, tritium and a particles, respectively.     

转动自由度对10.6MeV/u 84Kr+27Al反应中裂变前粒子增强发射的影响

在统计模型的框架内研究了In核在三维空间的转动自由度对10.6和8.5MeV/u ⁸⁴Kr+²⁷Al碰撞裂变前粒子发射的影响.发现对后一个轰击能,断前粒子发射不敏感于转动自由度;对前一个能量,转动自由度的引入使提取的裂变延迟时间从20×10^－21s减少到7.5×10^－21s,表明了它对裂变前粒子蒸发的影响,计算结果也表明仅有转动自由度并不能完全解释In核的断前粒子增强发射现象.发现了转动自由度在粒子发射中所起的作用对系统的激发能有一定的依赖关系.     

Entrance Channel Dependence of the Correlation Function of IMFs in 36Ar+112,124Sn at 35MeV/u

The reduced velocity correlation functions of the Intermediate Mass Fragments (IMFs) were measured in the reactions of ³⁶Ar+^112,124Sn at 35MeV/u. The anti-correlation at small reduced velocities is more pronounced in ³⁶Ar+¹²⁴Sn system than that in ³⁶Ar+¹¹²Sn system. The difference of the correlation functions between the two reactions is mainly contributed by the particle pairs with high momenta. A three-body Coulomb repulsive trajectory code (MENEKA) is employed to calculate the emission time scale of IMFs for the both systems. The time scale is 150fm/c in the ³⁶Ar+¹¹²Sn system and 120fm/c in the ³⁶Ar+¹²⁴Sn system, respectively. A calculation based on an Isospin dependence Quantum Molecular Dynamics code (IQMD) reveals that the emission time spectrum of IMFs is shifted slightly leftwards in ³⁶Ar+¹²⁴Sn compared with that in the ³⁶Ar+¹¹²Sn system, indicating a shorter emission time scale. Correspondingly, the central density of the hot nuclei decreases faster in ³⁶Ar+¹²⁴Sn than in ³⁶Ar+¹¹²Sn.     

QUASI-ELASTIC AND DEEP INELASTIC REACTIONS OF 12C ON 27Al

Quasi-elastic and deep inelastic reactions of 71.5 MeV ¹²C ions on a ²⁷Al target are measured, ΔE-E telescope is used to identify the reaction products. The energy spectra, angular distributions and contour products in the E-θ plane are obtained and discussed.     

THE MEASUREMENT OF COMPLETE FUSION CROSS-SECTIONS FOR THE REACTIONS 12C+27Al, 12C+209Bi AND 14N+Pb

Mica track detectors were used for the measurement of evaporation residues and fission fragments of compound nuclei formed in ¹²C+²⁷Al, ¹²C+²⁰⁹Bi and ¹⁴N+Pb reactions. The complete fusion cross-sections and excitation functions were then obtained. By using the sharp cut-off model approximation, the values of the critical angular momenta were extracted from the complete fusion cross-sections. The results obtained were compared with the calculations based on current theories for critical angular momentum; they were found to agree within experimental uncertainties.     

转动自由度对10.6MeV/u 84Kr+27Al反应中裂变前粒子增强发射的影响

在统计模型的框架内研究了In核在三维空间的转动自由度对 1 0 .6和8.5MeV/u84Kr+ 2 7Al碰撞裂变前粒子发射的影响 .发现对后一个轰击能 ,断前粒子发射不敏感于转动自由度 ;对前一个能量 ,转动自由度的引入使提取的裂变延迟时间从 2 0× 1 0 - 2 1s减少到 7.5× 1 0 - 2 1s,表明了它对裂变前粒子蒸发的影响 ,计算结果也表明仅有转动自由度并不能完全解释In核的断前粒子增强发射现象 .发现了转动自由度在粒子发射中所起的作用对系统的激发能有一定的依赖关系 .     

Non-Reproducibility of the Cross Sections of the Products Induced from Dissipative Reaction of 17F+27Al

The differential cross sections of the dissipative products B, C, N, O, F, Ne, Na and Mg induced from the reactions of ¹⁹F+²⁷Al at two incident energies have been measured at the HI-13 tandem accelerator, Beijing. In the case of a fixed beam incident energy 114MeV or 118.75MeV respectively, identical reaction system and the same detection system, 20 target points in steps of 2mm on a 10mm×50mm rectangular Al foil have been bombarded. The experimental results indicate that the probability distribution of the cross sections is much wider than a standard Gaussian distribution. This non-reproducibility of the cross sections can't be interpreted by the statistical property of a finite count rate.