核黄素荧光猝灭法测定2,4,6-三硝基苯酚

基于核黄素与2,4,6-三硝基苯酚混合后产生荧光猝灭现象,建立了核黄素作为荧光探针测定2,4,6-三硝基苯酚的新方法。 在0.2 mol/L磷酸盐(NaH₂PO₄-Na₂HPO₄)缓冲溶液(pH=6.2)中,响应时间为1 min时,检测2,4,6-三硝基苯酚的线性范围为2.5~1000 μmol/L,相关系数为0.9938,检测限为0.55 μmol/L。 当加入5.00和20.00 μmol/L 2,4,6-三硝基苯酚到水样后,回收率在98.2%~103.5%之间。 方法简便,选择性好,线性范围宽,可用于实际水样中2,4,6-三硝基苯酚的定性定量分析。     

Separation and Determination of Bases by Capillary Zone Electrophoresis

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酸性溶液中SO2选择性还原分解钨过氧配合物——钨中微量钼的除去

用SO₂还原4:2钨过氧配合物[H₄W₄O₁₂(O₂)₂]已被作为在室温和低酸度条件下生产钨酸的一种新方法--络合均相沉淀法^[1,2].有意义的是,这一方法还能用SO₂对钨、钼过氧配合物的选择性分解,同时除去钨中的微量钼.本文研究了不同游离酸度和不同反应温度条件下选择性分解时的除钼效果,并初步给予理论上的解释.     

神经递质类相关物质的毛细管电泳分离及实际尿液的检测应用

建立了单胺类神经递质（5-羟色胺、多巴胺和肾上腺素）、神经递质类代谢产物（高香草酸、5-羟吲哚乙酸和香草扁桃酸）及神经递质类前体（精氨酸和酪氨酸）混合物的毛细管电泳（CE）分离方法. 利用标准试剂混合样考察了缓冲体系的组成、pH值及添加剂对分离的影响,并探讨了尿液中基体成分如肌酸酐、尿酸和乙酰乙酸对分离的干扰. 在Na₂B₄O₇-NaOH缓冲体系（pH=9.90）及紫外（UV）检测（波长200 nm）条件下对8种神经递质类相关物质的分析获得了良好的定量线性关系,检出限（LOD）为0.04~0.60 μmol/L,迁移时间和峰面积的相对标准偏差（RSD,n=5）范围分别为0.09% ~0.48%和0.47% ~3.34%. 利用该方法对实际尿液中的精氨酸和香草扁桃酸进行了定性和定量分析,其定量结果分别为（95.8±3.8）和（44.6±3.5） μmol/L,加标回收率为96.65%~104.5%.     

盐酸吡哆辛在聚对氨基苯磺酸修饰电极上的电化学行为与测定

通过电聚合法制备了聚对氨基苯磺酸(PABSA)修饰玻碳电极(GCE),采用循环伏安法(CV)和差分脉冲伏安法(DPV)研究了盐酸吡哆辛(VB₆)在该修饰电极上的电化学行为。 结果表明,VB₆在该修饰电极上的氧化电流显著增加,为裸电极上的7.5倍。 在pH值3.06.5的醋酸缓冲溶液中,VB₆在PABSA/GCE上的电极反应为吸附控制的一电子两质子的不可逆氧化反应。 在优化条件下,使用DPV对VB₆进行了定量检测,线性范围为0.04100 μmol/L,检出限为0.01 μmol/L,是目前所报道的电化学方法测定VB₆的最低检出限,相对平均偏差为3.1%(n=8)。 采用本方法对维生素B₆片中的VB₆进行检测,回收率为106%~108%。     

Chromatographic separation of cerium(Ⅲ) in L-valine medium using poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6]

A column chromatographic method has been developed for the separation and determination of cerium(Ⅲ) using poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6]. The separation was carried out in L-valine medium. The adsorption of cerium(Ⅲ) was quantitative from 1×10-1 to 1×10-4 mol/L L-valine. Amongst the various eluents, 1.0-8.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid, 1.0-8.0 mol/L hydrobromic acid, 1.0-8.0 mol/L perchloric acid, 1.0-2.0 mol/L sulfuric acid and 4.0-5.0 mol/L acetic acid, were found to be the efficient eluents for cerium(Ⅲ). The capacity of poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6] for cerium(Ⅲ) was (0.428±0.01) mmol/g. The method was applied to the separation of cerium(Ⅲ) from associated elements link uranium(Ⅵ) and thorium(Ⅳ). It was also applied for the determination of cerium(Ⅲ) in geological samples. The method is simple, rapid and selective with good reproducibility (approximately±2% ).     

Detection of dopamine using self-assembled diazoresin/single-walled carbon nanotube modified electrodes

Ultrathin films of diazoresin(DR)/single-walled carbon nanotube(SWNT) were fabricated on thioglycollic acid(TGA) decorated gold(Au) electrodes by the self-assembly method combined with the photocrosslinlcing technique.The electrochemical behavior of dopamine(DA) at the DR/SWNT modified electrodes was studied using the cyclic voltammetry(CV) and differential pulse voltammetry(DPV) methods.Under the optimal conditions,a linear CV response to DA concentration from 1 μmol/L to 40 μmol/L was observed,and the detection limit of DA was 2.1 ×10~(-3) μmol/L via the DPV method in the presence of 10 μmol/L of uric acid(UA) or 2.5 × 10~(-3) μmol/L via the DPV method in the presence of10 μmol/L of ascorbic acid(AA).Moreover,the modified electrodes exhibited good reproducibility and sensitivity,demonstrating its feasibility for analytical purposes.     

Vc-Functionalized Fe3O4 Nanocomposites as Peroxidase-like Mimetics for H2O2 and Glucose Sensing

A simple and efficient colorimetric biosensing for hydrogen peroxide and glucose with peroxidase-like vitamin C(V_c) functionalized Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles(V_c/Fe₃O₄MNPs) as a catalyst is reported. Compared with Fe₃O₄ MNPs and other catalysts, V_c/Fe₃O₄ MNPs exhibited superior catalytic properties. Kinetic studies indicated that vitamin C incorporated on Fe₃O₄ MNPs improved the affinity toward H₂O₂. As low as 0.29 μmol/L H₂O₂ can be detected with a wide linear range of 0.5—100 μmol/L H₂O₂; moreover, as low as 0.288 μmol/L glucose can be detected with a linear range of 0.5—25 μmol/L glucose. The detection method was highly sensitive in sensing H₂O₂ and glucose. The robustness of V_c/Fe₃O₄ MNPs rendered them suitable for wide ranging applications.     

变色酸2C和TAN双显色体系RP-HPLC法分离测定铍(Ⅱ)、铬(Ⅲ)、铜(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅱ)、镍(Ⅱ)

基于变色酸2C和TAN双显色体系发展了一种同时测定铍(Ⅱ)、铬(Ⅲ)、铜(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)的新RP-HPLC法.在pH=5.0的乙酸盐缓冲介质中,同时加入变色酸单偶氮试剂变色酸2C和噻唑偶氮试剂TAN,它们能与不同金属离子形成有色螯合物,以YWG-ODS柱为固定相,含显色剂、溴化四丁铵和乙酸盐缓冲溶液(pH=5.0)的甲醇/乙醇/水(体积比35:5:60)溶液为流动相,并用分光光度检测器于580nm处测量,用RP-HPLC可成功地分离和测定ng/mL级的铍(Ⅱ)、铬(Ⅲ)、铜(Ⅱ)、铁(Ⅱ)和镍(Ⅱ)等5种金属离子.此方法灵敏度高,简便快速,用于大米、面粉中上述金属离子的测定,结果满意.     

荧光素衍生物水杨醛荧光素腙的合成及对铜(Ⅱ)离子的检测

以荧光素酰肼与5-溴水杨醛反应合成了一种新型荧光素衍生物5-溴水杨醛荧光素腙(BSFH),采用红外、核磁、质谱、元素分析等技术手段对其进行了表征。 通过吸收光谱考察了在水溶液中BSFH对常见金属离子的选择性响应,发现BSFH在可见光区几乎无吸收,当加入常见金属离子时,吸收光谱上除了Cu²⁺之外的其它金属离子在496 nm处出现非常弱的吸收,而当Cu²⁺存在时,可以裸眼看到溶液颜色迅速从无色变为黄色,吸收光谱上在496 nm处出现了相对很强的吸收峰,并且随着Cu²⁺浓度的增加溶液的吸收强度不断增强,说明在水溶液中BSFH对Cu²⁺有很好的选择性。 实验结果表明,该化合物与Cu²⁺的化学计量比为1:1,Cu²⁺浓度线性范围为0.30~10 μmol/L,许多常见的金属离子不干扰Cu²⁺的测定,检测限为0.30 μmol/L,说明在水溶液中BSFH对铜离子具有很高的灵敏度。 据此,BSFH可以简单、快速、灵敏地在水溶液中识别和检测低浓度的铜离子。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法定性和高效液相色谱法定量分析天南星中氨基酸成分

为建立中药材中氨基类极性非紫外活性成分的定性与定量分析方法,以中药材天南星为研究对象,采用柱前衍生化技术,以异硫氰酸苯酯(PITC)为衍生化试剂,经C₁₈色谱柱(100 mm×2.1 mm, 3.5 μm)分离和超高效液相色谱-串联质谱(UHPLC-MS/MS)分析,共解析了天南星中20个成分,包括18个氨基酸和2个胺类化合物。经优化衍生化条件,应用高效液相色谱法(HPLC),以Diamonsil C₁₈色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm, 5 μm)分离,以乙腈和0.05 mol/L醋酸铵-醋酸缓冲液(pH 6.5)为流动相,梯度洗脱,在254 nm下检测,建立了同时测定15种氨基酸含量的方法,经方法学考察符合含量测定要求。谷氨酸、色氨酸在2~100 mg/L范围内、精氨酸在6~300 mg/L范围内、其余各氨基酸在0.8~40 mg/L范围内均呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均不小于0.9995;平均回收率在95%~105%之间,RSD均小于3%;并成功应用于12批中药材的测定。本方法简便、灵敏、准确,具有可操作性,可用于快速鉴定中药中的氨基类成分以及进行含量测定。     

以3,4-二羟基肉桂酸为介质的多壁碳纳米管糊电极用于检测药物和尿液样品中的谷胱甘肽(英文)

A sensitive and selective electrochemical sensor for the determination of glutathione(GSH) was developed using a modified multiwall carbon nanotube paste electrode with 3,4 dihydroxy cinnamic acid as a mediator.This modified electrode showed very high electrocatalytic activity for the anodic oxidation of GSH.Under the optimized conditions,the electrocatalytic peak current showed a linear relationship with GSH concentration in the range of 0.5-400.0 μmol/L with a detection limit of 0.1 μmol/L GSH.The relative standard deviations for seven successive assays of 5.0 and 25.0 μmol/L GSH were 2.2% and 2.7%,respectively.The modified electrode was used for the determination of GSH compounds in real urine samples.     

在3,4-二羟基肉桂酸介质中以多壁碳纳米管为传感器电催化检测L-半胱氨酸(英文)

A highly sensitive electrochemical sensor was prepared for the determination of L-cysteine using a modified multiwall carbon nanotubes paste electrode in the presence of 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid(3,4-DHCA) as a mediator, based on an electrocatalytic process. The results indicate that the electrode is electrocatalytically efficient for the oxidation of L-cysteine in the presence of 3,4-DHCA. The interaction between the mediator and L-cysteine can be used for its sensitive and selective determination. Using chronoamperometry, the catalytic reaction rate constant was calculated to be 2.37 × 102 mol–1 L s–1. The catalytic peak current was linearly dependent on the L-cysteine concentration in the range of 0.4–115 μmol/L. The detection limit obtained by linear sweep voltammetry was 0.25 μmol/L. Finally, the modified electrode was examined as a selective, simple, and precise new electrochemical sensor for the determination of L-cysteine in real samples.     

A New Tetrasubstituted Imidazole Based Difunctional Probe for UV-spectrophotometric and Fluorometric Detecting of Fe3+ Ion in Aqueous Solution

Two new compounds,4-(2-bromophenxl-4,5-diphenyl-imidazol-1-yl)ani 1 ine(probe 1)and 4-[2,4,5-tris(4-bromopheny1)-1H-imidazol-1-y1]aniline(probe 2),were synthesized via a soft and high-efficiency one-pot microwave-assisted method under solvent-free conditions.Their sensing to different metal ions was detected by UV spectrophotometry and fluorescence spectrometry.Probe 2 revealed highly selective and sensitive UV and fluorescence response to Fe^3+ion.Upon the addition of Fe^3+ion,probe 2 showed obvious color change of the solution,conspicuous absorbance enhancement and relatively quick fluorescence quenching.The detection limit for Fe^3+ion was respectively calculated to be 0.72μmol/L(fluorescent detection)and 0.48μmol/L(UV-spectnim detection).Also,probe 2 was bound by Fe^3+ion to tonn a 1:1 complex.Moreover,preliminary application of probe 2 tor detecting Fe^3+ion in aqueous solution was attempted,and satisfying results were obtained.     

Catalytic Kinetic Determination of Micro Amounts of Oxalic Acid by Second-Order Derivative Oscillopolarography

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食用合成色素柠檬黄高灵敏度荧光光度法测定钯(Ⅱ)的研究

首次报道了食用合成色素柠檬黄(TTZ)荧光光度法测定钯(Ⅱ)的新方法。沸水浴中加热20～60min,在pH2.6～4.0的HCl-NaAc缓冲溶液中,钯(Ⅱ)与TTZ形成组成比为Pd(Ⅱ):TTZ=1:2的络合物(λ_ex=528nm,λ_em=558nm)。K_稳^f=9.71×10<¹¹·ε_ex=1.45×10⁴L/mol·cm,φ=0.011。钯含量在0～12μg/25mL范围内与荧光强度成正比,检出下限为4×10^-3μg/mL。本法可不经分离直接测定某些贵金属矿样中的微量钯,结果满意。     

在L-缬氨酸介质中应用聚二苯并-18-冠醚-6-分离铈（III)

 A column chromatographic method has been developed for the separation and determination of cerium(Ⅲ) using poly［dibenzo-18-crown-6］. The separation was carried out in L-valine medium. The adsorption of cerium(Ⅲ) was quantitative from 1×10-1 to 1×10-4 mol/L L-valine. Amongst the various eluents, 1.0-8.0 mol/L hydrochloric acid, 1.0-8.0 mol/L hydrobromic acid, 1.0-8.0 mol/L perchloric acid, 1.0-2.0 mol/L sulfuric acid and 4.0-5.0 mol/L acetic acid, were found to be the efficient eluents for cerium(Ⅲ). The capacity of poly［dibenzo-18-crown-6］ for cerium(Ⅲ) was （0.428±0.01） mmol/g. The method was applied to the separation of cerium(Ⅲ) from associated elements link uranium(Ⅵ) and thorium(Ⅳ). It was also applied for the determination of cerium(Ⅲ) in geological samples. The method is simple, rapid and selective with good reproducibility (approximately±2%).     

高效液相色谱法研究白藜芦醇光致异构化动力学与平衡常数

反式白藜芦醇有多种生理活性,自然资源丰富,但存在光不稳定现象。以光致异构平衡对照品溶液,采用高效液相色谱建立了同时测定顺、反异构体浓度的方法。方法学考察显示符合含量测定要求,反式异构体在1.5~60 μ mol/L、顺式异构体在1.5~55 μ mol/L范围内线性关系良好,R²均达0.999。将该方法应用于研究光致异构化动力学及平衡常数,结果显示反式白藜芦醇在室温避光条件下中性、偏酸性及乙醇介质中稳定;25 ℃时在50%（v/v）乙醇介质中的光异构平衡常数为11.7±0.3。以光致异构平衡液制作标准曲线的策略简单方便,具有可操作性;反式白藜芦醇的稳定性与介质有关,在pH < 7的溶液中光致异构化为一级反应。     

Cathodic adsorptive stripping voltammetric behaviour of guanine in the presence of copper at the static mercury drop electrode

The cathodic adsorptive electrochemical behavior of guanine in the presence of some metal ions at the static mercury drop electrode was investigated. A 1.0×10⁻³ mol l⁻¹ NaOH or a 2.0×10⁻² mol l⁻¹ Hepes buffer at pH 8.0 solutions were used as supporting electrolytes. The reduction peak potential for guanine was found to be around −0.15 V, which is very close to the mercury reduction wave. A new peak appears at −0.60 V in the presence of copper or at −1.05 V in the presence of zinc. A square wave voltammetric procedure for electroanalytical determination of guanine in 2.0×10⁻² mol l⁻¹ Hepes buffer at pH 8.0 containing 1.6×10⁻⁵ mol l⁻¹of copper ions, was developed. An accumulation potential of −0.15 V during 270 s for the prior adsorption of guanine at the electrode surface was used. The response of the system was found to be linear in the range of guanine concentration from 6.62×10⁻⁸ to 1.32×10⁻⁷ mol l⁻¹ and the detection limit was 7.0×10⁻⁹ mol l⁻¹. The influence of DNA bases such as adenine, cytosine and thymine was also examined. Cyclic voltammetry was used to characterize the interfacial and redox mechanism.     

Synthesis of 5-[(2-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)diazenyl]isophthalic acid and its application to electrocatalytic oxidation and determination of adrenaline,paracetamol, and tryptophan

In this study,Au nanoparticles/poly 5-[(2-hydroxynaphthalen-l-yl)diazenyl]isophthalic acid film modified glassy carbon electrode(AuNPs/poly(NDI)/GCE) has shown excellent electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of adrenaline(ADR),paracetamol(PAC),and tryptophan(Trp).The bare glassy carbon electrode(GCE) fails to separate the oxidation peak potentials of these molecules,while the poly(NDI) film modified electrode can resolve them.Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS)indicates that the charge transfer resistance of the bare electrode decreases as 5-[(2-hydroxynaphthalen-l-yl)diazenyl]isophthalic acid is electropolymerized on the bare electrode.Furthermore,EIS exhibits enhancement of electron transfer kinetics between analytes and the electrode after electrodeposition of Au nanoparticles.Differential pulse voltammetry results show that the electrocatalytic current increases linearly in the ranges of 0.01-680.0 μmol L~1 for ADR,0.05-498.0 μmol L~1 for PAC,and 3.0-632.0 μmol L~1 for Trp;with detection limits(S/N = 3) of 0.009 μmol L~1,0.005 μmol L~1,and 0.09 μmol L~1 for ADR,PAC,and Trp,respectively.The proposed method has been successfully applied for simultaneous determination of ADR,PAC,and Trp in biological samples.