自由流体层与多孔介质层界面的盐指现象的统一域法模拟

自由流体层和多孔介质层交界处同时存在温度梯度和盐度梯度会导致盐指型双扩散对流的发生,改变流体的运动状态,进而影响物质输移规律.本文建立了流体层与多孔介质层界面双扩散耦合模型,模型采用统一域法,在上下层分别计算水动力-温度-浓度输运方程,用快速傅里叶变换求解统一域内流函数方程.计算分析了?=0.35, 0.40, 1的三个典型工况,研究在多孔介质层不同孔隙率下盐指的对流结构和演变过程,讨论了稳定密度分层下物质输移现象及其输运特性.结果表明,与分层水体中的盐指不同,流体层和多孔介质层界面的盐指具有非对称结构,多孔介质层的下沉盐指较于上升盐指更宽,生长速度慢,在混合区域内具有更好的输运能力.研究发现多孔介质中固体的存在极大地阻碍了盐指对流的生长,同时影响了垂向的物质通量;在孔隙率高的工况中,由盐度的不稳定分层储存的潜在势能更多地转化为动能,从而增加了垂直方向上的物质输运,使盐指具有更强的混合能力.     

复杂多孔介质腔体内自然对流换热的数值研究

采用曲线坐标系下压力与速度耦合的SIMPLEC算法,数值研究复杂多孔介质腔体内的自然对流换热问题.腔体的曲面温度分别保持恒定,上下表面绝热.在曲线坐标系中用有限容积法离散方程,并采用Brinkman扩展达西模型及局部非热平衡模型求解,综合研究Rayleigh数,Darcy数、孔隙率等参数对腔体内自然对流换热的影响.计算结果表明:Rayleigh数和Darcy数的影响最大而孔隙率的影响很小,同时存在使得腔体内换热达到最强的最佳纵横比.     

沉降分布孔隙率多孔介质模型及数值研究

研究沉降分布孔隙率多孔介质流动和传热,根据"O"形圈理论和现场测定确定孔隙率系数,建立坐标方向孔隙率分布函数;考虑流体密度变化,并引入Brinkman-Forchheimer的扩展Darcy模型,能量方程采用界面连续条件,建立沉降分布孔隙率多孔介质流动和传热求解模型.采用差分法对模型进行离散化,应用高斯-赛德尔方法迭代求解.数值分析表明:沉降分布孔隙率条件下多孔介质内流体流动速度在壁面附近较大,中心部位较小,壁面附近孔隙率的增大使得低流速区域减小,较高流速区域增大;当孔隙率小值时,温度按线性减小;当孔隙率大值时,温度在高低温壁面附近迅速减小,在中部减小较缓,热量按导热和对流共同传递;孔隙率增大能使平均怒谢尔数增大,对流换热作用增强.     

气孔分布特性对含水多孔介质气体扩散的影响

本文基于多孔介质的气孔分布特性,计算了多孔介质在含水状态下的扩散性能,并且比较了采用两种方式计算相对渗透率时的相对扩散性能。其结果表明,基于气孔分布的计算结果低于与气孔分布无关的计算结果。另外,疏水性含水多孔介质的扩散性能低于亲水性含水多孔介质的扩散性能,基于气孔分布计算含水多孔介质的气体扩散性能时,Wyllie公式并不适用。     

多孔介质中熔融盐流体高温斜温层蓄热的热特性

对熔融盐高温斜温层蓄热过程进行了较深入的理论与实验研究.基于多孔介质局部热平衡理论,建立了多孔介质中熔融盐流体斜温层蓄热的局部热平衡数值模型,研究了熔融盐、多孔介质孔隙结构参数对多孔介质中熔融盐流体传热与流动的影响规律,并在熔融盐传热-蓄热实验平台上进行了试验研究.结果表明:与熔融盐单相流体斜温层(无填充多孔介质)蓄热系统相比,多孔介质填料能够减少斜温层的厚度和改善其形状,采用单位体积热容量(pc)s大于(pc)f,孔隙率(?)小于0.4有利于降低斜温层厚度及其移动速度.揭示了多孔介质中熔融盐流体斜温层蓄热系统的蓄热特性,为熔融盐高温斜温层蓄热的设计和运行控制提供依据.     

多组分气体在多孔介质中扩散过程的数值模拟

通过对已有的多组分气体在多孔介质中的扩散模型与实验结果对比,发现尘气模型(DGM)与实验结果吻合较好,并利用该模型对CH_4/O_2/N_2三元混合气体在不同孔径的多孔介质内扩散过程进行了数值模拟,分析了扩散与对流两种机理在有/无压差下对扩散通量的影响,对比分析了干燥和含水非饱和多孔介质中的扩散过程.结果表明在无压差的扩散过程中也存在对流;气体的扩散速度随孔径的减小先增大后减小;含水非饱和多孔介质中扩散速度减弱。     

局部热壁面多孔介质方腔内自然对流的数值研究

本文对上下壁面绝热、左侧壁面长度为b的嵌装加热器部分维持恒定温度T_h而剩余部分绝热,且右侧壁面维持恒定温度T_c的多孔介质方腔内的自然对流换热进行了数值研究.在热壁面无量纲长度B=0.5(B=b/L)的条件下,综合研究了左侧壁面受热部分中心距上壁面的无量纲长度D(D=d/L)、Da数、Ra数和孔隙率对腔体内自然对流换热的影响.数值计算结果表明,左侧壁面受热部分位置的不同对腔体内自然对流换热有很大的影响,D在0.6附近取值时,Na数最大.Da数、Ra数对腔体的自然对流换热影响较大,而孔隙率对换热的影响较小.     

圆管内插入环状多孔介质的换热性能研究及其场协同分析

本文运用数值计算的方法,以空气为流动介质,研究了圆管内插入环状多孔介质在充分发展的层流区的换热及流动综合性能,并进行了场协同分析.结果表明,在圆管内插入环状多孔介质可以有效提高换热与流动的综合性能,其PEC值随Re数的增大呈现缓慢增大的趋势.多孔材料的孔隙率对综合性能的影响最为明显,孔隙率越高,综合性能越好.     

多孔介质孔隙率对SOFC阳极管道化学/电化学反应与传递过程影响

固体氧化物燃料电池复合阳极管道由多孔层、燃料气体通道以及固体平板组成。在多孔层内部,存在着传热、多组分对流/扩散等多种传递过程,它们与CH_4的重整反应,CO、H_2的电化学反应耦合在一起,既受到设计参数,如孔隙率等的影响,同时对电池性能以及稳定性产生重要影响。编制了三维模拟程序,对阳极复合管道的化学反应以及气体流动、传热过程等进行了研究。研究结果显示,随着孔隙率的增大,在多孔层的较深区域内,重整与变换反应速度明显增加,受它的影响,H_2浓度与多孔层温度也相应提高。因此,在一定范围内提高多孔介质的孔隙率对阳极的各种传递过程与化学/电化学反应具有积极影响。     

随机四参数法生成多孔介质及渗流模拟

本文基于多孔介质内流动的广泛应用背景,模拟了多孔介质渗流.采用随机四参数生长法生成了多孔介质模型,并对模型中的微小固相进行了过滤处理,将随机四参数生长法生成的多孔介质结合格子玻尔兹曼方法D2Q9模型模拟了压力驱动的多孔介质中的渗流.通过将模拟结果与著名的CK理论公式的计算结果进行比较,发现在孔隙率高时误差较小(cp=0...     

Modeling the onset of thermosolutal convective instability in a non-Newtonian nanofluid-saturated porous medium layer

The onset of double-diffusive (thermosolutal) convection in horizontal porous layer saturated with an incompressible couple stress nanofluid saturated is studied with thermal conductivity and viscosity dependent on the nanoparticle volume fraction. To represent the momentum equation for porous media, a modified Darcy-Maxwell nanofluid model incorporating the effects of Brownian motion and thermophoresis has been used. The thermal energy equation includes regular diffusion and cross diffusion (Soret thermo-diffusion and Dufour diffuso-thermal) terms. A linear stability analysis depends on the normal mode technique and the onset criterion for stationary and oscillatory convection is derived analytically. The nonlinear theory based on the representation of the Fourier series method is applied to capture the behavior of heat and mass transfer. It is found that the couple stress parameter enhances the stability of the system in both the stationary and oscillatory convection modes. The viscosity ratio and conductivity ratio both enhance heat and mass transfer. Transient Nusselt number is found to be oscillatory when time is small. However, when time becomes very large, all the three transient Nusselt number values approach to their steady state values.     

New problems of particle transfer in ferrocolloids: Magnetic Soret effect and thermoosmosis

The paper deals with critical reviewing of the experiments on thermodiffusion in ferrocolloids. The observed magnetic Soret effect is much stronger than that predicted theoretically. It is shown that the main reason of that is the influence of the magnetic field on mass diffusion. Besides, some measurements are affected by uncontrolled thermal and solutal magnetic convection. In porous media, when macroscopic convection is suppressed, thermodiffusion is accompanied by thermoosmosis as well as by a microconvective mass transfer induced by particle magnetophoresis on filter grains.     

多孔介质中基质和微生物耦合输运问题的三次样条分析

本文用三次样条和全隐式逐次迭代方法,对描述多孔介质中基质-微生物耦合输运微分方程组进行数值计算,结果表明:数值求解这种具一定对流优势的非线性扩散方程,该计算方案是可行的,且获得了良好的结果。通过数值分析,对微生物在多孔介质中的传输行为有了个大概的了解,还探明了各参数对耦合系统的影响作用。     

分形多孔介质的粒子扩散特点(Ⅰ)

本文讨论了粒子在分形结构中的扩散,随机Sierpinski地毯上的扩散模拟表明:分形结构中的扩散已不再满足 Fick扩散定律。扩散速度较欧氏空间减慢了,即“扩散慢化”效应。而且可以看到由于结构的自相似特征,扩散过程也表 现出某种自相似性(标度性),分形结构和欧氏空间中的扩散特点是有本质的差异的。     

Impacts of external electric fields on the permeation of glycerol and water molecules through aquaglyceroporin-7: molecular dynamics simulation approach

The European Physical Journal E - The current research numerically investigates the Marangoni convection in a cylindrical annulus filled with hybrid nanofluid saturated porous media. The interior...     

多孔介质融化相变自然对流数值模拟

根据体积平均理论,建立多孔介质中融化相变过程自然对流模型。数值模拟了以石英砂颗粒为骨架、冰为填充相的二维融化过程。数值结果表明,在融化区上部发生较强烈的自然对流,融化界面与水平线倾角随融化时间越来越大。     

A lattice Boltzmann model for coupled diffusion

Diffusion coupling between different chemical components can have significant effects on the distribution of chemical species and can affect the physico-chemical properties of their supporting medium. The coupling can arise from local electric charge conservation for ions or from bound components forming compounds. We present a new lattice Boltzmann model to account for the diffusive coupling between different chemical species. In this model each coupling is added as an extra relaxation term in the collision operator. The model is tested on a simple diffusion problem with two coupled components and is in excellent agreement with the results obtained through a finite difference method. Our model is observed to be numerically very stable and unconditional stability is shown for a class of diffusion matrices. We further develop the model to account for advection and show an example of application to flow in porous media in two dimensions and an example of convection due to salinity differences. We show that our model with advection loses the unconditional stability, but offers a straight-forward approach to complicated two-dimensional advection and coupled diffusion problems.     

A new method for deriving analytical solutions of partial differential equations — Algebraically explicit analytical solutions of two-buoyancy natural convection in porous media

Analytical solutions of governing equations of various phenomena have their irreplaceable theoretical meanings. In addition, they can also be the benchmark solutions to verify the outcomes and codes of numerical solutions, and even to develop various numerical methods such as their differencing schemes and grid generation skills as well. A hybrid method of separating variables for simultaneous partial differential equation sets is presented. It is proposed that different methods of separating variables for different independent variables in the simultaneous equation set may be used to improve the solution derivation procedure, for example, using the ordinary separating method for some variables and using extraordinary methods of separating variables, such as the separating variables with addition promoted by the first author, for some other variables. In order to prove the ability of the above-mentioned hybrid method, a lot of analytical exact solutions of two-buoyancy convection in porous media are successfully derived with such a method. The physical features of these solutions are given. Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 50576097) and the National Basic Research Development Program of China (Grant No. 2007CB206902)     

Numerical model of two-dimensional heterogeneous combustion in porous media under natural convection or forced filtration

A novel mathematical model and original numerical method for investigating the two-dimensional waves of heterogeneous combustion in porous media are proposed and described in detail. The mathematical model is constructed within the framework of the model of interacting interpenetrating continua and includes equations of state, continuity, momentum conservation and energy for solid and gas phases. Combustion, considered in the paper, is due to the exothermic reaction between fuel in the porous solid medium and oxidiser contained in the gas flowing through the porous object. The original numerical method is based on a combination of explicit and implicit finite-difference schemes. A distinctive feature of the proposed model is that the gas velocity at the open boundaries (inlet and outlet) of the porous object is unknown and has to be found from the solution of the problem, i.e. the flow rate of the gas regulates itself. This approach allows processes to be modelled not only under forced filtration, but also under free convection, when there is no forced gas input in porous objects, which is typical for many natural or anthropogenic disasters (burning of peatlands, coal dumps, landfills, grain elevators). Some two-dimensional time-dependent problems of heterogeneous combustion in porous objects have been solved using the proposed numerical method. It is shown that two-dimensional waves of heterogeneous combustion in porous media can propagate in two modes with different characteristics, as in the case of one-dimensional combustion, but the combustion front can move in a complex manner, and gas dynamics within the porous objects can be complicated. When natural convection takes place, self-sustaining combustion waves can go through the all parts of the object regardless of where an ignition zone was located, so the all combustible material in each part of the object is burned out, in contrast to forced filtration.