六方相NaYF4:Yb/Er纳米晶制备方法研究进展

综述了六方相NaYF4:Yb/Er纳米晶的制备方法,着重总结了三氟乙酸盐热分解法、共沉淀法、碳酸盐热分解法、离子热法、水热法及两步法的研究进展,并就其发展前景进行了展望.     

NaYF4∶Yb,Er纳米粒子作为过氧化物模拟酶用于尿酸检测

聚丙烯酸修饰的NaYF4∶Yb,Er纳米粒子能够有效地催化H2O2氧化3,3’,5,5’-四甲基联苯胺(TMB)产生显色反应,表现出良好的过氧化物模拟酶催化活性。本研究以TMB为模型底物,研究了催化条件(温度和pH值)对催化活性的影响。同时,结合尿酸在尿酸氧化酶作用下产生H2O2的原理,建立了比色法测定血样中尿酸含量的简便方法。在最优条件下,本方法的检测范围为1.0×10"5～2.0×10"4mol/L,检出限为5.3×10"6mol/L,并对实际样品进行测定,测定结果与临床结果一致。     

基于NaYF4:Yb,Er上转换荧光纳米颗粒精准检测DNA

建立了一种利用碱基堆积原理并以上转换纳米粒子荧光作为内参的精准检测DNA的方法。该方法首先利用热分解法制备NaYF_4∶Yb,Er上转换荧光纳米颗粒(upconversion nanoparticles,UCNPs),再通过表面羧基化变性牛血清蛋白修饰后与氨基化探针核酸单链共价偶联,形成上转换荧光标记显示探针。最后再基于碱基堆积原理进行杂交检测。研究结果表明以NaYF_4∶Yb,Er荧光强度为内参,根据FAM/UCNP的强度比来定量检测目标DNA浓度比单一的以报告DNA中FAM荧光强度定量检测目标DNA浓度要更为精准,有效地避免了实验中出现的人为操作和仪器误差。本方法不需要进行扩增,检测底限可达到5 nmol·L~(-1),且在较大的浓度范围内有较好的线性关系,同时该方法也有着良好的特异性,能有效区分单碱基错配序列。     

基于NaYF4:Yb,Er上转换荧光纳米颗粒精准检测DNA

建立了一种利用碱基堆积原理并以上转换纳米粒子荧光作为内参的精准检测DNA的方法。该方法首先利用热分解法制备NaYF₄：Yb,Er上转换荧光纳米颗粒（upconversion nanoparticles,UCNPs）,再通过表面羧基化变性牛血清蛋白修饰后与氨基化探针核酸单链共价偶联,形成上转换荧光标记显示探针。最后再基于碱基堆积原理进行杂交检测。研究结果表明以NaYF₄：Yb,Er荧光强度为内参,根据FAM/UCNP的强度比来定量检测目标DNA浓度比单一的以报告DNA中FAM荧光强度定量检测目标DNA浓度要更为精准,有效地避免了实验中出现的人为操作和仪器误差。本方法不需要进行扩增,检测底限可达到5 nmol·L^-1,且在较大的浓度范围内有较好的线性关系,同时该方法也有着良好的特异性,能有效区分单碱基错配序列。     

碳纳米管/ZnO纳米复合体的制备和表征

通过将不同直径的ZnO纳米颗粒与碳纳米管连接制备了碳纳米管/ZnO纳米复合体. 将团聚的ZnO纳米颗粒分散并用表面活性剂CTAB使纳米颗粒带正电. 化学氧化碳纳米管使其带负电. ZnO/CTAB微团通过碳管表面羧基与CTAB的静电作用与碳纳米管连接形成纳米复合体. 研究了复合体形成的不同实验条件, 表征了碳纳米管/ZnO纳米复合体的结构并研究了纳米复合体的光学特性. 研究表明, 与碳纳米管连接的ZnO纳米颗粒是互不连接的并保持量子点的特性. 光致发光研究表明ZnO纳米颗粒的激发在纳米复合体中有淬灭.     

基于NaYF_4∶Yb~(3+),Er~(3+)上转换发光纳米晶的复合微球组装及其光动力活性

采用微乳液法,以NaYF4∶Yb3+,Er3+纳米晶为发光基元,肽菁锌(Zn Pc)光敏分子与十八碳烯-马来酸酐共聚物(PMAO)为功能分子,一步组装获得了NaYF4-Zn Pc-PMAO复合微球,此微球同时具备成像与光动力活性功能,NaYF4可作为低生物背景的荧光成像剂,同时其上转换发光可以敏化Zn Pc用于光动力活性研究,PMAO分子经过简单的水解反应即可实现表面羧基功能化。TEM,Zeta电位与PL测试证实了微球的结构与性能。利用荧光共聚焦成像技术实现了对Hela细胞的发光成像;进一步通过单线态氧监测及980 nm光照下的MTT法细胞活性测试表明微球具有光动力活性功能。     

金纳米粒子/碳纳米管修饰电极对4 壬基酚的电催化氧化及检测研究

制备了金纳米粒子/碳纳米管修饰玻碳电极(AuNPs-CNTs/GCE),采用循环伏安法和线性扫描伏安法研究了4-壬基酚在修饰电极上的电化学行为,并建立了一种灵敏简便地检测4-壬基酚的电化学方法。优化了pH值、扫描速率、富集时间等测定参数,并计算出pH值与氧化峰电压、扫描速率与氧化峰电流之间的数量关系。在pH 10.0的BR缓冲溶液中,4-壬基酚在AuNPs-CNTs/GCE上出现灵敏的氧化峰,氧化电位为0.51 V。与裸玻碳电极(GCE)和单一碳纳米管修饰电极(CNTs/GCE)相比,AuNPs-CNTs/GCE明显提高了4-壬基酚的氧化电流。在优化实验条件下,4-壬基酚的浓度分别在0.05～4μmol/L和6～14μmol/L范围内与氧化峰电流呈良好的线性关系,检出限为0.023μmol/L,对于实际样品测定的回收率为95%～104%。该修饰电极具有良好的重现性和稳定性,可用于环境样品中4-壬基酚的直接检测。     

纳米金、碳纳米管和纳米线及其在电化学生物传感器研究中的应用

综述了1995～2007年间,纳米金、碳纳米管和纳米线材料及其在电化学生物传感器研究中的新进展,引用文献60篇.     

碳纳米管/二氧化硅的表面分子印迹聚合物制备及其在芦丁电化学检测方面的应用

采用溶胶凝胶法合成二氧化硅覆盖的碳纳米管(CNTs/Si O2),通过化学键合法将CNTs/Si O2接上3-(甲基丙烯酰氧)丙基三甲氧基硅烷(MAPS),从而获得富含烯键的MAPS-CNTs/Si O2。以MAPS-CNTs/Si O2为分子印迹载体,芦丁为模板分子,丙烯酰胺为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯为交联剂,自由基聚合法制备碳纳米管/二氧化硅的表面分子印迹聚合物(CNTs/Si O2-MIPs)。采用红外光谱、热重分析和扫描电镜等方法对CNTs/Si O2-MIPs进行表征,将CNTs/Si O2-MIPs滴涂至玻碳电极表面构建电化学传感器,采用循环伏安法和差分脉冲伏安法对CNTs/Si O2-MIPs修饰电极的电化学行为进行考察。结果表明,CNTs/Si O2-MIPs对芦丁具有良好的特异性吸附性能,印迹材料的DPV电流响应是非印迹材料的2.84倍;相对于其它类似的分子,如槲皮素、柚皮素、抗坏血酸,CNTs/Si O2-MIPs传感器对芦丁具有较好的选择性;CNTs/Si O2-MIPs传感器的电流响应与芦丁的浓度在0.1~100.0μmol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,检出限(S/N=3)为0.032μmol/L。该传感器已成功应用于药片中芦丁含量的测定。     

ZnO/g-C3 N4微纳米材料的制备及其性能研究

用Zn(NO_3)_2、ZnCl_2、C_4H_6O_4Zn·2H_2O及三聚氰胺为原料,采用热解法合成ZnO/g-C_3N_4复合光催化剂。为了对合成产物的组成、形貌及光吸收性能进行表征,我们利用了X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及UV-Vis等。研究了不同物质含量热解及ZnO的含量对合成产物的影响,并且以六价铬为污染模拟物,对合成的ZnO/g-C_3N_4进行光催化进行评价。结果表明ZnO/g-C_3N_4复合材料有更优秀的光催化性能,用氯化锌为2. 5 wt%、热解温度为510°C、保温时间120 min时,合成的ZnO/g-C_3N_4光催化性能最佳,用氙灯照射270 min后,对六价铬溶液的降解率达到了93. 19%,比用样条件下单一的g-C_3N_4光催化性能提高了44. 92%。     

NaYF4∶Er3＋, Yb3＋纳米晶的液相合成

采用丙三醇液相结晶法制备了NaYF4∶Er3＋, Yb3＋上转换纳米晶, 合成步骤被简化. 常温下, 用980 nm的红外激光激发可以观察到很强的绿光、红光发射, 用荧光光谱仪记录了该上转换光谱. X射线粉末衍射(XRD)结果表明, 该方法制备NaYF4∶Er3＋, Yb3＋纳米晶属于立方混合六方晶系. 研究了纳米晶的上转换发光机理, 根据晶体场理论对Er3＋的两个上转换能级进行了Stark分裂计算, 对两个能级之间的谱线进行了归属, 进一步证实了980 nm光子激发Er3＋离子的上转换机理, 一个是连续吸收两个980 nm光子的过程(激发态吸收), 另一个是吸收980 nm光子后, 电子转移到亚稳态能级, 然后再吸收980 nm光子过程(能量转移上转换).     

Synthesis and Infrared Multi‐band Absorption Properties of Core‐shell NaYF4:Yb3+, Er3+@SiO2 Nanoparticles

Due to the unique size effects, nanomaterials in infrared absorption have attracted much attention for their strong absorption in the infrared region. To achieve the infrared multi‐band absorption, we propose to synthesize a core‐shell structure nanomaterial consisting of NaYF₄:Yb³⁺, Er³⁺ core and a layer of SiO₂ as shell. A series of NaYF₄:Yb³⁺, Er³⁺ nanocrystals were synthesized through hydrothermal method by adjusting the ratio of citric acid(CA)‐to‐NaOH, and the effects of CA concentration, and NaOH concentration were studied in detail. NaYF₄:Yb³⁺, Er³⁺@SiO₂ nanoparticles were synthesized by sol‐gel method using TEOS as silica source. The results show that the core‐shell NaYF₄:Yb³⁺, Er³⁺@SiO₂ nanoparticles were successfully synthesized. Up‐conversion spectra of these nanoparticles were recorded with 980 nm laser excitation under room temperature. There are no changes of the emission centers of nanoparticles before or after silica coating, but the emission intensities of nanoparticles after silica coating are weakened. Furthermore, the property of infrared multi‐band absorption was tested through ultraviolet‐visible‐near infrared spectrophotometer and infrared absorption spectra. The results illustrate that the multi‐band infrared absorption nanomaterial was successfully synthesized.     

ZnWO4:Er3+,Yb3+纳米棒的制备及发光性能

采用水热法以聚乙二醇为分散剂合成了Er3+,Yb3+共掺的ZnWO4纳米棒.X射线衍射、透射电子显微镜分析结果表明:所得产物为直径约20 nm的ZnWO4纳米棒.在激发波长为980 nm的半导体激光器做光源激发下,确定样品的3个发射峰的发光中心位于532、553和656 nm,分别对应于铒离子2H11/2→4I15/2,4S3/2→4I15/2和4F9/2→4I15/2的跃迁.     

Synthesis,characterization, and in vitro toxicity evaluation of upconversion luminescence NaLuF4:Yb3+/Tm3+ nanoparticles suitable for medical applications

Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro toxicity evaluation of upconversion luminescence NaLuF₄:Yb³⁺/Tm³⁺ nanoparticles (UCLNPs) are reported in the current study. Initially, the synthesized lanthanide trifluoroacetate (Ln(OOCCF₃)₃) precursor was used to fabricate NaLuF₄ nanoparticles doped with Yb³⁺ and Tm³⁺ metal ions. The nanoparticles were coated with calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) after removing the hydrophobic species on them to enhance their biocompatibility. The in vitro methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) test was used to evaluate the toxicity of synthesized NaLuF₄:Yb³⁺/Tm³⁺ nanoparticles (NLF-5) on L929 mouse fibroblast cell lines. The transmission electron microscopy image showed that the particle size of NaLuF₄:Yb³⁺/Tm³⁺ was 32 nm. The synthesized NLF-5 nanoparticles have both α-cubic and β-hexagonal crystalline structures that provided a superb near-infrared-to-near-infrared upconversion luminescence signal when excited at 980 nm. MTT test results show that the death of L929 fibroblast cells was observed only at concentrations above 250 μg/mL of NaLuF₄:Yb³⁺/Tm³⁺ nanoparticles. In addition, with an increase in patrol time of 24, 48, and 72 hr, cell toxicity increased significantly, while the coated nanoparticles did not have any toxic effects. The synthesized nanoparticles could be used as a suitable material for medical applications due to their small particle size, high photoluminescence emission intensity, and low toxicity.     

Luminescence Properties and Crystal Growth of Er/Yb Codoped KGd（WO4）2

1 INTRODUCTION In recent years much interest has been shown in the radiation laser around 1.54 μm for optical com- munications, medical and eye-safe light detecting and ranging applications[1～3]. Emission in the 1.54 μm range can be achieved with Er3 ion through 4I13/2→4I15/2, but the LD-pumping laser efficiency is commonly low owing to the weak absorption in- tensity of Er3 ion. Yb3 ion is often used as a sen- sitizer ion to increase the absorption light and then transfer the en…     

Sol-gel Processing of a Transparent Upconversion Luminescent Film with β-Na YF_4:Yb~(3+), Er~(3+) Microrods as Activator

β-Na YF4:Yb3+,Er3+ microrods were synthesized through hydrothermal methods. Polyethylene glycol with molecular weight of 6000 was used as surfactant. A series of transparent silica gel films with upconversion luminescence property was prepared through sol-gel method; the prepared β-Na YF4:Yb3+,Er3+ microrods were used as activator. The silica gel films show strong upconversion emission under excitation of 980-nm laser beam.