对位取代酚亚甲基桥三聚物的合成

本文报道通过2, 6-二羟甲基对取代酚和合适的对取代酚的缩合制备一系列对取代酚亚甲基桥三聚物的方法。产率一般为50%左右。     

A Convenient Synthesis of 3-Nitro-2-pyrrolines: Regioselective Oxidations of Substituted Pyrrolidines to Pyrrolines+

A regiospecific oxidation of 3-nitro-4-substituted phenyl pyrrolidines with KMnO₄ to 3-nitro-4-substituted phenyl 2-pyrrolines and the hydroxymethylations of 3-nitro-4-substituted phenyl pyrrolidines have been described.     

2-[1-(1,2,4-三唑)甲基]-3-乙酰基-2,5-二取代芳基-1,3,4-噁二唑啉类化合物的合成

在冰醋酸存在下, 4-取代苯乙酮和溴素容易进行溴代反应, 得到α-溴-4-取代苯乙酮; 将其和1,2,4-三唑在丙酮中反应, 得到α-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)-4-取代苯乙酮2; 在冰醋酸催化下, 2和4-取代苯甲酰肼1进行缩合, 得到相应酰腙衍生物3; 化合物3在乙酸酐的作用下环化生成一系列2-[1-(1,2,4-三唑)甲基]-3-乙酰基-2,5-二取代芳基-1,3,4-噁二唑啉4. 化合物4的结构经IR, 1H NMR, MS, 元素分析和单晶衍射确证.     

Condensation of 4-Substituted 2-Ethoxycarbonyl-4-pentanolides with α,β-Unsaturated Compounds

Condensation of 4-substituted 2-ethoxycarbonyl-4-pentanolides with methyl acrylate and acrylonitrile under Michael reaction conditions in the presence of sodium methylate affords 4-substituted 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2-(2-methoxycarbonyl- or cyano)ethyl-4-pentanolides. The latter were subjected to alkaline hydrolysis, and 4-substituted 2-carboxy-2-(2-carboxyethyl)-4-pentanolides were isolated which on decarboxylation yielded 4-substituted 2-(2-carboxyethyl)-4-pentanolides. The partial hydrolysis of 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2-(2-cyanoethyl)-4-pentanolides gave rise to previously unknown cyanolactones.     

Recyclization of 5-carbethoxy-4-methyl-2-mercapto(amino,hydroxy) pyrimidines to give 5-acetyl-2-mercapto(amino,hydroxy)-4-hydroxypyrimidines

Conditions for the selective preparation of 5-carbethoxy-4-methyl-2-substituted pyrimidines or 5-acetyl-4-hydroxy-2-substituted pyrimidines by condensation of ethoxymethyleneacetoacetic ester with 1,3-binucleophiles are proposed. It is shown that under the influence of sodium ethoxide 5-carbethoxy-4-methyl-2-substituted pyrimidines undergo rearrangement to 5-acetyl-4-hydroxy-2-substituted pyrimidines.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 1558–1559, November, 1982.     

The preparation of 4-substituted pyrylium salts and their use in dienal synthesis

The unsubstituted pyrylium nucleus is shown to undergo reaction with cuprate or secondary Grignard organometallic reagents to give intermediate 4-substituted pyrans which are converted into the corresponding 4-substituted pyrylium salts (7 examples) in fair to good overall yield. The synthetic utility of the 4-substituted pyrylium heterocycles is demonstrated by their reaction with organolithium reagents to give 3,5-disubstituted dienals in a highly stereospecific manner (7 examples) via electrocyclic ring opening of the intermediate 2-substituted pyrans.     

Synthesis of 5-(4-substituted benzyl)-2,4-diaminoquinazolines as inhibitors of candida albicans dihydrofolate reductase

Several 5-(4-substituted benzyl)-2,4-diaminoquinazolines were prepared as potentially selective inhibitors of Candida albicans dihydrofolate reductase. These compounds were synthesized by a novel route, which included as a key step the displacement of a fluoro group in 2,6-difluorobenzonitrile by the anions of ethyl or methyl 4-substituted phenylacetates. The resultant diarylacetates were saponified and decarboxylated to the 2-fluoro-6-(4-substituted phenyl)benzonitriles. Ring closure of these benzonitriles with guanidine carbonate gave the 5-(4-substituted benzyl)-2,4-diaminoquinazolines.     

4-Substituted aryl(methyl)ethynylfluorosilanes

Conclusions The reaction of 4-substituted aryl magnesium bromides with methyl(ethyl)difluorosilane, as well as the reaction of ethynyl magnesium bromide with 4-substituted phenyl(methyl)difluorosilanes, led to the synthesis of 4-substituted phenyl(methyl)-ethynylfluorosilanes.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 5, pp. 1115–1116, May, 1987.     

Efficient kinetic resolution in the asymmetric hydrosilylation of imines of 3-substituted indanones and 4-substituted tetralones

Kinetic resolution of the N-methyl imines of 3-substituted indanones and 4-substituted tetralones could be accomplished by hydrosilylation with a chiral titanocene catalyst. N-Methyl imines of 4-substituted tetralones were resolved to yield, after hydrolysis of the unreacted starting materials, ketones with high ee's and the amine products with high diastereomeric and enantiomeric purity. The utility of this process was demonstrated in the synthesis of sertraline.     

Regioselective lithium-halogen exchange and palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of 2,4-dihaloquinolines

Lithium-halogen exchange of 2,4-dibromoquinolines proceeds regioselectively at C-4 and affords 4-substituted quinolines on quenching with electrophiles. Palladium-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions of 2-bromo-4-iodoquinoline provide 4-substituted 2-bromoquinoline derivatives.     

Rapid microwave assisted synthesis of 3-substituted 4-thioxo-oxazolidin-2-ones

The microwave assisted thionation of 3-substituted 4-imino-oxazolidin-2-ones with hydrogen sulfide in dichloromethane-pyridine afforded 3-substituted 4-thioxo-oxazolidin-2-ones.     

2-取代-环戊烯酮及其衍生物的简易合成

本文报道以2-氯环戊酮的加成重排反应合成2-取代环戊酮。如再引入硫硫双键,则可合成2-取代环戊烯酮。取代环戊酮和取代环戊烯酮是合成药物和合成香料的重要中间体。     

Asymmetric carbon-carbon bond formations in conjugate additions of lithiated N-Boc allylic and benzylic amines to nitroalkenes: enantioselective synthesis of substituted piperidines,pyrrolidines, and pyrimidinones

(-)-Sparteine mediated lithiations of N-Boc-allylic and benzylic amines provide configurationally stable intermediates which on conjugate additions to nitroalkenes provide highly enantioenriched enecarbamate products in good yields, and with high diastereoselectivities. Straightforward transformations of these adducts offer general routes to substituted 3,4-substituted piperidines, 3,4-substituted pyrrolidines, and 4,5-substituted pyrimidinones. Diastereoselective substitutions of intermediate lactams followed by reduction provide 3,4,5-substituted piperidines and 3,4-trisubstituted pyrrolidines. Lithiation adjacent to nitrogen of 3,4-substituted piperidines and pyrrolidines followed by diastereoselective substitution opens a route to 2,4,5- and 2,4,5,6-substituted piperidines as well as 2,3,4- and 2,3,4,5-substituted pyrrolidines. The enantiomers of the enecarbamate and 3,4-substituted piperidine products may be accessed by stannylation/transmetalation sequences as well as by further manipulation of 4-substituted piperidones. The methodology is used to synthesize both enantiomers of an aspartic peptidase inhibitor intermediate, 3-hydroxy-4-phenylpiperidine, as well as the antidepressant (+)-femoxetine.     

Reaction of 9-substituted 1-aminoadenine with hydrazine

Reaction of 9-substituted (methyl or benzyl) 1-aminoadenines 1 with hydrazine afforded 9-substituted 6-hydrazinopurines 2 and 1-substituted 5-ammo-4-(4-amino-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)imidazole ( 4 ). The product ratio of 2 to 4 rose with increasing amounts of methanol used as the solvent. When the same reaction was carried out using 1,9-dimethyladenine instead of 1 , compounds 2 and 4 were also obtained with N⁶,9-dimethyladenine. A possible mechanism for formation of 2 and 4 is discussed.     

Substituent effects on the acidity of weak acids. 1. Bicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1-carboxylic acids and bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylic acids

The acidities of 3- and 4-substituted bicyclooctane-1-carboxylic acids and 3-substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylic acids have been calculated at the MP2/6-311++G** theoretical level. There is good agreement between the calculated and observed gas-phase acidities. The acidities of the 4-substituted bicyclooctane acids were found to be linearly dependent on the C-X bond dipoles, as expected from a field effect. The substituents had a negligible effect on the electron density at C1. The difference in acidity between 4-chlorobicyclo[2.2.2]octane-1-carboxylic acid and the parent acid (6.2 kcal/mol) is reproduced by the Kirkwood-Westheimer treatment of substituent effects on acidity, but only if the bicyclooctane ring is given an effective dielectric constant of unity. The acidities of the 3-substituted bicyclooctane acids are linearly related to the corresponding 4-substituted acids with a slope of 0.9. The acidities of the 3-substituted bicyclo[1.1.1]pentane-1-carboxylic acids are linearly related to the C-X bond dipoles for this ring system (which are different than those for the bicyclooctanes), and they are also linearly related to the acidity of the 4-substituted bicyclo[2.2.2]octanecarboxylic acids with a slope of 1.34. The larger slope is due to the smaller bridgehead-bridgehead distance in the bicyclopentane ring than in bicyclo[2.2.2]octane.     

新型1,2,3-三唑类化合物的合成及抗菌构效关系

根据活性基团拼接原理, 以4-取代-苯胺为原料, 经重氮化、 关环和缩合反应合成了17个化合物1-(4-取代苯基)-5-取代苯基亚氨基-4-取代-1,2,3-三唑(7a~7c和13a~13d)和1-(4-取代苯基)-5-取代苄基氨基-4-取代-1,2,3-三唑(5a~5c, 10a~10c和14a~14d), 其中化合物5a~5c, 7b, 7c, 10a, 10c, 13b~13d和14b~14c为新化合物, 对所制备化合物的结构进行了表征. 生物活性测试结果表明, 所有化合物均表现出一定的抑菌活性, 对大肠杆菌的抑菌活性均优于氟康唑; 化合物7a和10c对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑制活性明显优于氟康唑; 而化合物13a和13d则对白色念球菌表现出良好的抑制活性, 与三氯生相当.     

Synthesis and isomeric conversions of several 2-substituted 1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid derivatives

Ethyl ester derivatives of 6- and 8-substituted 2-methyl-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids have been synthesized by treatment of the diethyl ester of acetylmalonic acid with 2- or 4-substituted anilines. Condensation of these newly synthesized quinolinecarboxylic acid derivatives with 4-nitrobenzaldehyde resulted in the formation of 6- and 8-substituted 2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)-vinyl]-1, 4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids and ethyl esters of 6- and 8-substituted 2-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)vinyl]-4-acetoxy-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids. The tautomeric and conformational transformations of these newly synthesized compounds have also been investigated, using IR, NMR, and UV spectroscopy.Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 7, pp. 931–938, July, 1988.     

超分子体系中的分子识别研究(Ⅻ)──环糊精及环糊精双核铜配合物对4-取代苯酚的分子识别

用分光光度滴定法在25.0℃时测定了不同pH值下α-,β-,γ-环糊精以及1mol/LNaOH水溶液中α-和β-环糊精双核铜配合物与4-取代苯酚形成超分子配合物的稳定常数.化学计量法表明,主体环糊精及环糊精双核铜配合物与客体4-取代苯酚形成了1：1的超分子配合物.从主-客体间的尺寸关系、pH值、多点识别和诱导契合作用等因素讨论了环糊精及环糊精双核铜配合物对客体4-取代苯酚的分子识别机制.结果表明,β-环糊精双核铜配合物对4-取代苯酚具有特殊的键合能力和分子选择性。     

Cycloadditions of 1-substituted 1,3-butadienes with 4- or 3-substituted 2(1H)-quinolones acting as dienophiles

Cycloadditions of 1,3-butadiene derivatives having an electron-rich group at the 1-position with 4- or 3-substituted 2(1H)-quinolones were carried out to give the richly functionalized phenanthridines under both atmospheric and high pressure conditions. Furthermore, the reactivity of 4- or 3-substituted 2(1H)-quinolones acting as a dienophile with 1-substituted dienes was examined using MO calculation.     

5-去氮嘌呤核糖核苷类似物的设计与合成研究进展

综述了近年来有关5-去氮嘌呤核糖核苷类似物作为潜在生物活性(如抗病毒、抗肿瘤等)先导化合物的设计与合成研究进展.指出该类先导物的设计与合成主要基于以下两种途径:一是在去氮嘌呤碱基的4-位或5-位引入不同的取代基;二是在去氮嘌呤碱基的4-位或5-位引入不同取代基的同时,对核苷中的糖基进行修饰.并从这两种途径着手介绍了近年来该领域所取得的主要研究进展.