Group theory analysis of mixed convection over a horizontal moving plate

I.Introducti0nlncustomarytreatmentofforcedconvectiveboundary-layernowoverahorizontalplate,buoyancyforcecomp0nentn0rmaltothesurfaceisneglectedashigher-0rderterms,withtheresultofn0pressurevariationacrosstheboundarylayer-However,thecrosswisepressuregradient,…     

A unified treatment of mixed convection on a permeable horizontal plate

A problem of mixed convection on a horizontal plate is reconsidered assuming that the plate is subjected to a variable temperature or variable heat flux. The plate is considered permeable allowing blowing or suction of the fluid. The results of free and forced convection are obtained as special cases of this study of mixed convection. It is also shown that the results corresponding to prescribed temperature are related to those of prescribed surface heat flux by simple conversion formulae.

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Eine einheitliche Behandlung der Mischkonvektion bei einer durchlässigen horizontalen Platte

Zusammenfassung Ein Problem der Mischkonvektion bei einer horizontalen Platte ist in der Annahme erörtert worden, daß die Platte einer veränderlichen Temperatur und einem veränderlichen Wärmestrom ausgesetzt wird. Hierbei wurde die Platte als durchlässig für Einblasen und Absaugen des Fluids angenommen. Die Ergebnisse der freien und erzwungenen Konvektion wurden als Spezialfälle dieser Studie für Mischkonvektion erhalten. Es wird angezeigt, daß die Ergebnisse, welche die Temperatur beschreiben, mit denen die die Wandwärmestromdichte beschreiben, durch einfache Umrechnungsformeln in Verbindung gebracht werden können.

     

Similarity analysis of axisymmetric free convection on a horizontal infinite plate subject to a mixed thermal boundary condition in a micropolar fluid

Similarity analysis of the problem of axisymmetric free convection on a horizontal infinite plate of a micropolar fluid is considered assuming that the plate is subjected to a mixed thermal boundary condition. It is shown that the thermal boundary condition is characterized by a positive parameter m and the two cases of m = 0 and m = 1 correspond to prescribed plate temperature and prescribed surface heat flux respectively. If one has to compute the heat transfer coefficient for various values of m, there is no need to solve the boundary value problem every time; it is enough to solve a certain polynomial equation provided the solution is known for any particular value of m. Received on 3 November 1998     

Free convection from a horizontal moving sheet

In this paper the free convection flow through a thin rigid hot sheet moving horizontally out of a slot is considered. It is found that there is a similarity formulation of the boundary-layer equations so that the problem reduces to solving a system of coupled ordinary differential equations with suitable boundary conditions. This system of equations is solved numerically for various values of the Prandtl number,Pr, namely 0.45≤Pr≤10000. It is found that for the flow under the sheet there is a reverse flow region near the sheet for small values ofPr, whilst in the case of the flow above the sheet there is no reverse flow region for any value ofPr we have investigated. For the flow under the sheet an asymptotic behaviour, which is valid near the minimum value of the Prandtl number for which it is possible to obtain a numerical solution, is proposed.     

Integral solution for Forchheimer free convection over a horizontal flat surface

The aim of the present paper is to study the non-Darcy free convection from a horizontal flat surface in a fluid saturated porous medium using integral method for the case when the heat flux from the surface remains constant. The thermal dispersion effects are taken into consideration. The linear relation between the dispersion thermal diffusivity and the streamwise velocity component has been adopted. Exponential profiles are choosen for the velocity and temperature distributions. The Nusselt number results are in good agreement with the existing similarity solution.     

Mixed convection boundary layer flow over a horizontal plate with thermal radiation

The effects of thermal radiation and thermal buoyancy on the steady, laminar boundary layer flow over a horizontal plate is investigated. The plate temperature is assumed to be inversely proportional to the square root of the distance from the leading edge. The set of similarity equations is solved numerically, and the solutions are given for some values of the radiation and buoyancy parameters for Prandtl number unity. It is found that dual solutions exist for negative values of the buoyancy parameter, up to certain critical values. Beyond these values, the solution does no longer exist. Moreover, it is found that there is no local heat transfer at the surface except in the singular point at the leading edge. The radiation parameter is found to increase the local Stanton number.     

Laminar mixed convection on a horizontal plate of finite length in a channel of finite width

The steady two-dimensional laminar mixed-convection flow past a horizontal plate of finite length is analysed for large Péclet numbers, small Prandtl numbers and weak buoyancy effects. The plate is placed in a channel of finite width, with the plane walls of the channel being parallel to the plate. The temperature of the plate is assumed to be constant. The hydrostatic pressure difference across the wake behind the plate is compensated by a perturbation of the inviscid channel flow. This outer flow perturbation affects the temperature distribution in the thermal boundary layer at the plate and the heat transfer rate, respectively. Solutions in closed form are given. The forces acting on the plate due to the potential flow perturbation are also determined.     

Thermal boundary layer and the characteristic length on natural convection over a horizontal plate

Thickness of the thermal boundary layer on natural convection from a horizontal plate was experimentally measured and expressed as a function of Rayleigh number both in laminar and turbulent regimes. Several parametric equations expressing the Nusselt number as a function of Rayleigh number were developed combining experimental data by other authors with the ones obtained in this work. The characteristic length was taken as the thickness of the thermal boundary layer in one equation and as the ratio of the area to the perimeter in another one. Both characteristic lengths correlated the data precisely in wide ranges of Rayleigh numbers.

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Development of mixed convection flow over a vertical plate due to an impulsive motion

The development of the mixed convection flow of an incompressible laminar viscous fluid over a semi-infinite vertical plate has been investigated when the fluid in the external stream is set into motion impulsively, and at the same the surface temperature is suddenly raised from its ambient temperature. The problem is formulated in such a way that at time t = 0, it reduces to Rayleigh type of equation and as time t , it tends to Blasius type of equation. The scale of time has been selected such that the traditional infinite region of integration becomes finite which significantly reduces the computational time. The nonlinear coupled singular parabolic partial differential equations governing the unsteady mixed convection flow have been solved numerically by using an implicit finite-difference scheme. The surface shear stress and the heat transfer increase or decrease with time when the buoyancy parameter is greater or less than a certain valve. There is a smooth transition from the initial steady state to the final steady state. The skin friction and heat transfer for the constant heat flux case are more than those of the constant wall temperature case. Also they increase with the buoyancy force.     

Analysing flow and heat transfer of a viscoelastic fluid over a semi-infinite horizontal moving flat plate

This paper presents a numerical study of the flow and heat transfer of an incompressible homogeneous second grade type fluid above a flat plate moving with constant velocity U. Such a viscoelastic fluid is at rest and the motion is created by the sheet. The effects of the non-Newtonian nature of the fluid are governed by the local Deborah number K (the ratio between the relaxation time of the fluid and the characteristic time of the flow). When , a new analytical solution for this flow is presented and the effects of fluid's elasticity on flow characteristics, dimensionless stream function and its derivatives are analysed in a wide domain of K. A novel result of the analysis is that a change in the flow solution's behaviour occurs when the dimensionless stream function at the edge of the boundary layer, f_∞, equals 1.0. It is found that velocity at a point decreases with increase in the elasticity of the fluid and, as expected, the amount of fluid entrained diminishes when the effects of fluid's elasticity are augmented. In our heat transfer analyses we assume that the surface temperature has a power-law variation. Two cases are studied, namely, (i) the sheet with prescribed surface temperature (PST case) and (ii) the sheet with prescribed heat flux (PHF case). Local similarity heat-transfer solutions are given for PST case when s=2 (the wall temperature parameter) whereas when a similarity solution takes place in the case of prescribed wall heat flux. The numerical results obtained are fairly in good agreement with the aforementioned analytical ones.     

Thermal radiation effects on the natural convection flow over an isothermal horizontal plate

The natural convection boundary layer flow with conduction-radiation interaction of a viscous incompressible fluid along an isothermal horizontal surface has been studied. The equations valid in the upstream, downstream as well as in the entire regime are obtained. Solutions of the non-similar equations governing the flow for the entire regime and the downstream regime are obtained by employing an efficient implicit finite difference approximation together with the Keller box method, for a Prandtl number of 0.73. Also, the effects of the pertinent parameters, R _d, the radiation-conduction parameter and θ_w, the surface heating parameter are shown graphically in terms of the local skin-friction and the local rate of heat transfer. Comparison of the results obtained for the upstream and the downstream regimes shows good agreement over the entire regime. Effects of R _d and θ_w are also shown on the streamlines and the isotherms. Received on 15 December 1998     

Unsteady mixed convection with double diffusion over a horizontal cylinder and a sphere within a porous medium

The combined effects of the permeability of the medium, magnetic field, buoyancy forces and dissipation on the unsteady mixed convection flow over a horizontal cylinder and a sphere embedded in a porous medium have been studied. The nonlinear coupled partial differential equations with three independent variables have been solved numerically using an implicit finite-difference scheme in combination with the quasilinearization technique. The skin friction, heat transfer and mass transfer increase with the permeability of the medium, magnetic field and buoyancy parameter. The heat and mass transfer continuously decrease with the stream-wise distance, whereas the skin friction increases from zero, attains a maximum and then decreases to zero. The skin friction, heat transfer and mass transfer are significantly affected by the free stream velocity distribution. The effect of dissipation parameter is found to be more pronounced on the heat transfer than on the skin friction and mass transfer.Untersucht wurden kombinierte Effekte der Permeabilität des Mediums, des magnetischen Feldes, der Auftriebskräfte und der Dissipation auf die instationäre Mischkonvektions-Strömung über einen horizontalen Zylinder und eine Kugel, die in einem porösen Medium eingebettet sind. Die nichtlinearen gekoppelten partiellen Differentialgleichungen mit drei unabhängigen Variablen wurden numerisch unter Benutzung eines impliziten Finite-Differenzen-Verfahrens in Verbindung mit der Quasi-Linearisierungstechnik gelöst. Die Oberflächenreibung und die Wärme- und Stoffübertragung steigen mit der Permeabilität des Mediums, dem magnetischen Feld und dem Auftriebsparameter an. Die Wärme- und Stoffübertragung fällt stetig in Strömungsrichtung ab, wohingegen die Oberflächenreibung von Null ansteigt, ein Maximum erreicht und wieder auf Null abfällt. Die Oberflächenreibung und die Wärme- und Stoffübertragung werden signifikant von der Verteilung der Freistromgeschwindigkeit beeinflut. Es wurde festgestellt, das der Dissipations-Parameter stärker die Wärmeübertragung als die Oberflächenreibung und die Stoffübertragung beeinflut.     

Thermal dispersion effects on non-Darcy natural convection over horizontal plate with surface mass flux

Summary The effect of surface mass flux on the non-Darcy natural convection over a horizontal flat plate in a saturated porous medium is studied using similarity solution technique. Forchheimer extension is considered in the flow equations. The suction/injection velocity distribution has been assumed to have power function form Bx ^l , similar to that of the wall temperature distribution Ax ⁿ , where x is the distance from the leading edge. The thermal diffusivity coefficient has been assumed to be the sum of the molecular diffusivity and the dynamic diffusivity due to mechanical dispersion. The dynamic diffusivity is assumed to vary linearly with the velocity component in the x direction, i.e. along the hot wall. For the problem of constant heat flux from the surface (n=1/2), similarity solution is possible when the exponent l takes the value −1/2. Results indicate that the boundary layer thickness decreases whereas the heat transfer rate increases as the mass flux parameter passes from the injection domain to the suction domain. The increase in the thermal dispersion parameter is observed to favor the heat transfer by reducing the boundary layer thickness. The combined effect of thermal dispersion and fluid suction/injection on the heat transfer rate is discussed. Received 7 December 1995; accepted for publication 7 January 1997     

Radiation-conduction interaction on mixed convection from a horizontal circular cylinder

A mixed convection flow of an optically dense viscous incompressible fluid along a horizontal circular cylinder has been studied with the effect of radiation when the surface temperature is uniform. Using appropriate transformations, the boundary layer equations governing the flow are reduced to local nonsimilarity form. Solutions of the governing equations are obtained employing the implicit finite difference method. Effects of varying the pertinent parameters, such as, the Planck number, R _w the surface temperature parameter, θ_w and the buoyancy parameter, α on the local skin-friction and local heat transfer coefficients are shown graphically as well as in tabular form against the curvature parameter ξ, while taking Prandtl number Pr = 1.0. It is found that an increase of R _d,θ_w or α leads to increases in the values of the local skin-friction and the local rate of heat transfer coefficients. At the stagnation point asymptotic solutions for large value of α are also obtained and the effect of the other pertinent parameters on the formation of the flow separation are studied. Received on 28 July 1998     

Natural convection heat transfer from round horizontal plate

A new approach to the model of natural convection from a horizontal, isothermal round plate and a simplified analytical solution of this model have been presented. In this model two separate regions with different fluid motions have been distinguished. In the first region, inside the boundary layer, the fluid flows concentrically towards the centre of the plate, while in the second one (stagnation region) the fluid is motionless. The presented theory has been verified experimentally.Ein neuer Lösungsweg für das Modell der freien Konvektion an einer isothermen, kreisförmigen, horizontalen Platte und eine vereinfachte analytische Lösung für dieses Modell werden hier vorgestellt. An diesem Modell wird zwischen zwei Bereichen mit verschiedenen Fluidbewegungen unterschieden. Im ersten Bereich, innerhalb der Grenzschicht, strömt das Fluid konzentrisch in Richtung Plattenmitte, während im zweiten Bereich (Stau-Bereich) die Flüssigkeit in Ruhe ist. Diese Theorie wurde experimentell überprüft.     

Effect of variable physical gas properties on friction and heat transfer in laminar mixed convection on a horizontal plate

Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Mekhanika Zhidkosti i Gaza, No. 5, pp. 74–81, September–October, 1991.     

Effect of rotation on the formation of longitudinal vortices in mixed convection flow over a flat plate

This paper presents a numerical study of the effect of rotation on the formation of longitudinal vortices in mixed convection flow over a flat plate. The criterion on the position of marking the onset of longitudinal vortices is defined in this paper. The onset position characterized by the Goertler number G _δ depends on the Grashof number, the rotation number Ro, the Prandtl number Pr and the wave number. The results show that negative rotation stabilizes the boundary layer flow on the surface. On the contrary, positive rotation destabilizes the flow. The numerical data are compared with the experimental results.     

Effect of Hall current on MHD mixed convection boundary layer flow over a stretched vertical flat plate

In this paper, the steady magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) mixed convection boundary layer flow of an incompressible, viscous and electrically conducting fluid over a stretching vertical flat plate is theoretically investigated with Hall effects taken into account. The governing equations are solved numerically using an implicit finite-difference scheme known as the Keller-box method. The effects of the magnetic parameter, the Hall parameter and the buoyancy parameter on the velocity profiles, the cross flow velocity profiles and the temperature profiles are presented graphically and discussed. Investigated results indicate that the Hall effect on the temperature is small, and the magnetic field and Hall currents produce opposite effects on the shear stress and the heat transfer at the stretching surface.