一种基于概率分析的扫描链动态功耗模型

文章通过对扫描测试期间扫描链跳变统计分析，建立了基于概率统计的扫描链功耗模型。该模型可以对扫描链的动态功耗进行快速准确的估计。在此基础上，依据扫描单元的置1概率重排扫描链能有效地降低扫描功耗。实验结果表明，这种方法是有效可行的。     

一种自适应的动态功耗管理预测策略

动态功耗管理通过关闭空闲的系统部件来减小电子系统的功耗。如何提高预测的准确度是当前基于预测动态功耗管理（DPM）研究的主要问题。基于预测的DPM策略假设系统部件访问时间具有关联性,当前应用最为广泛的是指数滑动平均方法,但其应对突发事件的能力不强。本文基于指数滑动平均改进模型,对突发事件进行数学定义,提出一种自适应的DPM预测策略,在面对突发的长延时或短延时情况下,系统都能自适应调整,提高了预测的准确度,优于现有策略。     

VLSI的动态功耗测试生成

本文指出，ＶＬＳＩ的最大动态功耗测试，可以通过在特定输入序列作用下使电路中的不变门数为最小值为实现，本文提出的极性推导，赋值法可以快速生成相应的输入序列，该算法与电路的输入变量数无关。     

基于强化学习的多核芯片动态功耗管理框架

多核芯片可以为移动智能终端提供强大算力,但功耗和温度问题始终制约着其性能表现。针对这个问题,该文提出了一种基于强化学习的多核芯片动态功耗管理框架。首先,建立了一个基于GEM5的多核芯片动态电压频率调节仿真系统。然后,采用了一种考虑CMOS芯片物理特性的功耗模型构建方法以实现在线实时功耗监测。最后,设计了一种面向多核芯片的梯度式奖励方法,并使用深度Q神经网络(Deep Q Network, DQN)算法对多核芯片的功耗管理策略进行学习。仿真结果表明,相比于常规的Ondemand,MaxBIPS方案,该文所提出的框架分别实现了2.12%, 4.03%的多核芯片计算性能提升。     

基于数据缓冲区动态分组的功耗管理策略

传统DPM策略通过适应请求分布降低功耗,效果受到限制.另一类策略主动改变请求分布,使其较好的满足DPM要求.数据缓冲区策略属于其中的典型,但现有的缓冲区策略未充分考虑实际系统的数据访问情况,对数据缓冲区的使用效率较低.本文针对此问题提出一种新颖的DGDB(Dynamic Grouping of Data Buffer)功耗管理策略.实验结果表明,在复杂数据访问情况下,DGDB策略具有更好的节能效果与稳定性.     

一种数字信号处理器的动态功耗管理方案

动态功耗管理是一种系统级低功耗设计技术，降低功耗的思路是根据系统当前负载动态调整时钟频率或者关闭时钟。文章以数字信号处理器为模型，提出了一种系统属性可调节的动态功耗管理方案，它支持通过软硬件配合对功耗进行灵活的动态管理，其管理策略采用了适应性预测算法，并引入非确定性因子。实验结果表明，该方案可以大大降低数字信号处理器的功耗。     

嵌入式系统功耗的动态管理

低功耗是嵌入式处理器的一个重要特性，它对终端设备的成本及体积大小具有显著影响。在整个系统设计中，尽管处理器并不是功耗最多的部件，但是为了减少系统整体功耗．对处理器功耗的管理是很有必要的。     

用UDP实现数据可靠传输的机制及其程序设计

首先论述了用UDP实现数据可靠传输的机理,然后提出了几种超时时间的计算方法,介绍了控制网络流量的滑动窗口机制,并对文件传输中的问题进行了讨论,最后,说明了程序构成。     

一种手持嵌入式设备的系统级功耗管理方案

针对一种手持式设备,本文给出了一种在系统层次上降低功耗的软件功耗管理方案。文中简述了系统中Garfield处理器的基本特性,详细介绍了其功耗管理模块的结构和工作原理,在定义处理器工作模式和外围设备模块工作模式的基础上,重点讲述了系统功耗状态的定义,状态之间的转换过程和转换策略,同时对设备功耗管理策略及其实现方法作了详实的阐述。方案利用实时操作系统ASIXOS中的软件定时器功能实现所制定的策略,并通过在实际系统中测试,验证了方案的效果。     

一种热感集成电路功耗模型及其对动态电压调整技术的影响

提出了一种新型热感功耗模型,该模型能够准确估计出电压调整情况下的功耗和温度.实验结果表明如果忽略热效应,泄漏功耗将会被低估最高达52%.使用电压调整技术对电路的能量消耗和温度进行协同优化时,两者具有不一致的优化方向.温度是未来集成电路发展的一个重要限制因素,而温度优化方法可以降低电路温度最高达12℃,同时其能耗的增长低于最优解的1.8%.     

PBALT动态电源管理策略

在嵌入式和便携式系统的低功耗设计中，动态电源管理（Dynamic Power Management，DPM）是一个非常重要的技术。DPM本质上是一种“在线”问题，因为PM（Power Management）策略必须在系统所有输入信息可用之前就能够对系统资源的使用情况做出正确的判断。本文在对自适应学习树（Adaptive Learning Tree，ALT）不足之处进行分析的基础上，提出了一种新颖的DPM策略——PBALT（Probability-Based ALT）。实验结果表明，PBALT具有很强的稳定性；而且在对空闲时段的预测准确性方面，PBALT比ALT具有更高的命中率。     

Adaptive, closed-loop control of dynamic power filters asfictitious power compensators

A new control philosophy, utilizing both thyristor-controlled reactive (TCR) sources and dynamic power filters (DPFs) has been proposed by J.H.R. Enslin and J.D. Van Wyk (IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol.5, no.1, 1990) in the application of fictitious power compensation. This study shows the closed-loop control of a DPF using an adaptive signal processing algorithm based on the cross-correlation between the voltage and current waveforms. The control strategy is based on the derivation of equivalent network parameters, which are calculated from digital time domain cross-correlation signal processing techniques and implemented with the aid of a microcomputer. Practical results under quasidynamic operating conditions obtained from a 15 kVA three-phase dynamic power filter are given     

Optimal power control over multiple time-scale fading channels with service outage constraints

This paper considers the power-control problem for a fading channel in an information-theoretic framework. We derive power-control schemes to optimize ergodic capacity, outage capacity, and capacity with a service outage constraint. The novelty in the paper lies in the use of a two-time-scale fading process and its implications for the channel-state information available at the transmitter.     

An infrastructure for the management of dynamic service networks

Infrastructures for creating and deploying dynamically cooperating distributed services have become popular. An area that these infrastructures address only insufficiently is the administration of services and their relationships. This article takes an in-depth look at some management topics that are particularly important in a dynamic service environment: service life cycle and service dependencies. It states requirements for these areas that a management system has to fulfill. The article also describes MADYSON (Management Architecture for Dynamic Service-Oriented Networks), a management infrastructure that was developed based on these requirements.     

Adaptive power and rate allocation for service curve assurance in DS-CDMA network

This paper describes schemes for forward and reverse links in a direct sequence code-division multiple-access-based cellular network. The primary objective is to meet the diverse quality-of-service (QoS) needs of mobile hosts (MHs), and the secondary objective is to maximize the system throughput. The QoS needs of the MHs are modeled using the notion of a service curve. Furthermore, a notion of deviation is introduced as a measure of meeting service curve. The scheme proposed in this paper jointly adapts the transmitted power and the number of spreading codes assigned to each MH for receiving/transmitting its data bits. The scheme imposes practical constraints including bounds on the transmitted power for a base station and MHs, a bound on the number of spreading codes that an MH can handle, and minimum signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio at the receiver. The proposed solutions are evaluated using discrete event simulations. The simulation results characterize the performance of the proposed solutions for several instances of the practical constraints.     

供电企业优质服务营销管理分析

随着近几年来我国科技的不断进步和综合国力的日益增强,人们的生活水平不断提升,同时,各行各业对质量的要求也更为严格。对于供电企业来说,这又是一种新的挑战。面对这种形势,必须立足当下,提出一些有用的措施。众所周知,在供电企业中,电力营销扮演着十分重要的角色,甚至可以说是企业管理的核心问题,因此必须高度重视电力营销的服务质量问题,既能为用户提供方便快捷的电力服务,又能树立良好的企业形象,使电力企业可以得到持续的发展和长久的经济效益。     

A dynamic location management service for group applications in cellular networks

To cope with the increasing demand of multimedia applications, new IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks devices have been defined such as IEEE 802.11aa and IEEE 802.11ac. The former proposes new intra-access categories (AC) differentiation based on stream classification service (SCS) scheme. The latter standard allows simultaneous downlink transmissions thanks to downlink multi-user MIMO technology and sharing transmission opportunity (TXOP) period scheme. In this paper, we focus on the basis of this technique and the behavior of the access point (AP) to manage the multi-user access. Then, we propose a hybrid access mechanism entitled multi-user multi-cast access mechanism (MUMAM) that supports downlink multi-user transmissions while considering intra-AC differentiation. MUMAN considers SCS scheme to prioritize between multicast and unicast flows of an AC and follows transmissions based on IEEE 802.11ac TXOP sharing technique. Extensive simulation and analysis show that MUMAM has a significant positive impact on delay and throughput performance of different AC(s).     

Adaptive dynamic programming

Unlike the many soft computing applications where it suffices to achieve a "good approximation most of the time," a control system must be stable all of the time. As such, if one desires to learn a control law in real-time, a fusion of soft computing techniques to learn the appropriate control law with hard computing techniques to maintain the stability constraint and guarantee convergence is required. The objective of the paper is to describe an adaptive dynamic programming algorithm (ADPA) which fuses soft computing techniques to learn the optimal cost (or return) functional for a stabilizable nonlinear system with unknown dynamics and hard computing techniques to verify the stability and convergence of the algorithm. Specifically, the algorithm is initialized with a (stabilizing) cost functional and the system is run with the corresponding control law (defined by the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation), with the resultant state trajectories used to update the cost functional in a soft computing mode. Hard computing techniques are then used to show that this process is globally convergent with stepwise stability to the optimal cost functional/control law pair for an (unknown) input affine system with an input quadratic performance measure (modulo the appropriate technical conditions). Three specific implementations of the ADPA are developed for 1) the linear case, 2) for the nonlinear case using a locally quadratic approximation to the cost functional, and 3) the nonlinear case using a radial basis function approximation of the cost functional; illustrated by applications to flight control.