聚[2-(2-氯乙氧基)乙氧基)_x(三氟乙氧基)_(2-x)]磷腈合成和气体分离性能研究

六氯环三聚磷腈经二次重结晶一次减压升华纯化后,通过真空热开环聚合和亲核取代反应,用不同摩尔比的2-(2-氯乙氧基)乙醇钠和三氟乙醇纳(1∶3;1∶5;1∶6.5)作为亲核取代试剂混取代聚二氯磷腈,再经多次非溶剂沉淀纯化得到目标聚合物聚[(2-(2-氯乙氧基)乙氧基)x(三氟乙氧基)2-x]磷腈.利用31P-NMR监测,以确保得到纯化的聚合物.采用1H-NMR、FT-IR、GPC、DSC、XRD等测试手段对所得到的聚合物进行了结构表征和性能测试,并利用自制的压力法透气性能测定仪测定了这些聚合物的气体渗透系数.结果表明,三氟乙氧基和2-(2-氯乙氧基)乙氧基两种基团已接枝在聚磷腈侧链上,分别得到x值为0.19,0.18和0.08的3种聚[(2-(2-氯乙氧基)乙氧基)x(三氟乙氧基)2-x]磷腈,其玻璃化温度分别为-6.37℃,-12.85℃和-25.68℃,重均分子量为5.4×105,6.8×105和1.5×105,在同样的反应条件下,三氟乙氧基较2-(2-氯乙氧基)乙氧基有更强的竞争取代率.这种混取代聚磷腈较单一取代基的聚三氟乙氧基磷腈结晶度小,在本实验中两种取代基比例适中的聚[(2-(2-氯乙氧基)乙氧基)0.18(三氟乙氧基)1.82]磷腈的结晶度降至10.1%,这种聚合物显示出较高的气体渗透系数,CO2和He的气体渗透系数达到88.9和60.6 barrer,CO2/CH4和He/CH4的选择系数达到24.1和16.4,在天然气行业显露出良好的应用潜力.此外这类聚合物表现出特殊的H2/N2选择性,选择系数在0.2左右,N2的渗透系数为8.5 barrer,因而在合成氨行业显示出特殊的应用潜力.     

含咔唑基团的有机聚磷腈的合成与表征

含咔唑基团的有机聚磷腈的合成与表征;咔唑;聚磷腈;亲核取代     

双-[2-吡咯(乙氧基)]乙烷的合成及其电化学聚合

以吡咯和二缩三乙二醇为原料合成了N取代吡咯衍生物单体--双-[2-吡咯(乙氧基)]乙烷,并用循环扫描伏安技术研究了该单体的电化学聚合过程.结果表明:在乙腈/高氯酸锂溶液中,双-[2-吡咯(乙氧基)]乙烷在铟锡氧化物导电玻璃(ITO)、Pt、Au、玻璃碳、石墨电极上均能顺利发生反应,形成一定厚度的聚合物膜.但聚合速率、膜的结构、膜的颜色有差异.溶剂水对聚合有明显影响.形成的聚合膜具有良好的电化学稳定性.     

聚(1,1,2,2-四氢十三氟辛氧基环氧丙烷)的合成

以环氧氯丙烷(1)和1,1,2,2-四氢十三氟辛醇(2)为原料,通过亲核取代反应制得1,1,2,2-四氢十三氟辛氧基环氧丙烷(3);3在BF3· Et2O催化下发生阳离子开环聚合,合成了一种新型含氟聚醚——聚(1,1,2,2-四氢十三氟辛氧基环氧丙烷)(4),其结构经1H NMR和IR表征.合成3的最佳反应条件为:2 65 mmol,n(1)∶n(2)=3∶2,于70℃反应18 h.控制n(3)∶n(BF3·Et2O) =25∶1进行开环聚合,4的分子量为1400.     

N-(2-吡咯甲酰基)氨基酸甲酯的合成

在室温条件下,氨基酸甲酯和2-三氯乙酰基吡咯经酰基化反应,以80.3%～95.6%的产率合成了系列N-(2-吡咯甲酰基)氨基酸甲酯,通过1H NMR,IR,MS和元素分析对其结构进行了表征.     

聚[(2-氯二乙氧基)x(三氟乙氧基)2-x]磷腈制备及核磁共振谱分析

以2-氯乙氧基乙醇、三氟乙醇和六氯环三聚磷腈为原料,合成2-氯二乙氧基和三氟乙氧基的混合取代聚磷腈。利用31P NMR对反应过程和聚合物的纯化过程进行跟踪,提供了六氯环三聚磷腈、聚二氯磷腈、以及这两种物质的2-氯二乙氧基、三氟乙氧基单一取代和共混取代产物的31P NMR谱图,并通过对这些核磁共振谱数据的对比分析。研究了聚合、取代反应进程和聚合物的提纯程度,建立了用31P NMR对其取代反应和纯化过程进行监测的方法。在以85%H3PO4为外标时,六氯环三聚磷腈的共振峰为δΡ21.30,聚二氯磷腈为δΡ16.61,三氟乙氧基取代环三聚磷腈是δΡ17.97,2-氯二乙氧基在不同位置上取代环三聚磷腈的共振峰是δΡ20.90、δΡ20.48和δΡ12.86处的三连峰,δΡ20.10、δΡ19.65和δΡ8.72处的五连峰则是2-氯二乙氧基和三氟乙氧基在不同位置上取代环三聚磷腈的共振峰,聚[(2-氯二乙氧基)x(三氟乙氧基)2-x]磷腈的共振峰是一个宽峰δΡ7.25。此外,δΡ-7.22对应聚二(2-氯二乙氧基)磷腈,δP-6.88对应聚二(三氟乙氧基)磷腈。对六氯环三聚磷腈和聚二氯磷腈而言,三氟乙氧基都是一种强的亲核取代基团,能够完全取代其上的氯,且取代产物易于通过丙酮-苯的溶解沉淀法去除小分子杂质而得到纯化,而2-氯二乙氧基能完全取代聚二氯磷腈上的氯,但对六氯环三聚磷腈只能部分取代,且须通过更多次的溶解沉淀才能从聚合物中去除杂质。     

一种低T_g双官能聚磷腈的合成与表征

采用"一步法"合成线型聚二氯磷腈(PDCP),并通过亲核反应和后重氮偶合得到了一种含咔唑基和偶氮生色团的低Tg双官能聚磷腈,用1H NMR、31P NMR、IR、TG、DSC及GPC等手段对其进行了结构表征和分析,结果显示其在保持良好的溶解性的同时,具有较低的玻璃化转变温度和良好的热稳定性,分子量可控且分布较窄,比传统的聚磷腈开环聚合法更具优势。     

六(甲氧基乙氧基乙氧基)三聚磷腈的合成与表征

以六氯三聚磷腈和甲氧基乙氧基乙醇为主要原料,合成了全取代的六(甲氧基乙氧基乙氧基)三聚磷腈,并用IR、31P NMR、1HNMR、13C NMR、FABMS等现代谱学技术对其结构进行了表征。经生物活性试验证明,此化合物对腐生线虫Panagrellus redivivus具有一定的毒杀活性。     

聚双(6-咔唑基己氧基)磷腈的合成

以PCl5和NH4Cl为原料采用"一步法"合成了线型聚二氯磷腈(4);4与6-咔唑基己醇发生亲核取代反应合成了聚双(6-咔唑基己氧基)磷腈(5),其结构经1H NMR,31P NMR,IR和GPC表征。热分析结果表明,5具有良好的热稳定性和较高的玻璃化温度。     

聚(二甘氨酸乙酯)磷腈的合成及其生物相容性

氨基酸酯基取代的聚磷腈由于具有优良的水解性能并能降解成无毒产物, 因而成为一类非常有吸引力的生物医用材料. 采用两步法合成了聚(二甘氨酸乙酯)磷腈(PEGP). 首先采用开环聚合的方法制备中间体聚二氯磷腈, 再利用亲核取代方法合成PEGP. 通过红外光谱、核磁共振及元素分析等确证了产物的结构. 用蒸汽压下降法测得PEGP的分子量为12959, 用DSC法测得其玻璃化转变温度为-21.5 ℃. 采用体外细胞培养的方法评价了肝癌细胞HepG2和人工合成纤维细胞在PEGP薄膜表面的生长性能. 结果表明, 该材料不但没有细胞毒性, 反而具有良好的促进细胞生长的能力, 显示聚(二甘氨酸乙酯)磷腈在组织工程和再生医学中的潜在应用价值.     

Synthesis, characterization, and thermal stability of star-shaped poly(ε-caprolactone) with phosphazene core

Hexakis[p-(hydroxylmethyl)phenoxy]cyclotriphosphazene was synthesized by the reaction of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene with the sodium salt of 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde and subsequent reduction of aldehyde groups to alcohol groups by using sodium borohydride. This compound was employed in initiating the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. The resulting polymers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The characterization data indicated the star-shaped PCL with phosphazene core were successfully synthesized with narrow molecular weight distribution and high yields. ¹H-NMR analysis was used to calculate the number-average molecular weight. The calculated result from NMR was closer to the theoretical data than that from GPC analysis. Polarizing optical microscopy (POM) combined with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to study the crystallization behavior of the star-shaped PCL. The result indicated that the highly branched architecture of star-shaped PCL resulted in interrupted crystallization form and subsequently lower melting temperature. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) carried out on the star-shaped PCL suggested that introduction of phosphazene rings strengthen the thermal stability of the resulting polymers.     

多官能团乙烯基单体原子转移自由基交联聚合机理

乙烯基单体;原子转移自由基交联聚合;聚合机理;交联网络     

Synthesis of polymeric antioxidants based on ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and their antioxidant ability for preventing polypropylene (PP) from thermal oxidation degradation

Norbornene derivatives 1-5 bearing hindered phenol groups were synthesized and undergone ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) with Grubbs 1st generation catalyst to prepare the corresponding polymeric antioxidants. After hydrogenation with p-toluenesulfonylhydrazide (TSH), polymeric antioxidants with saturated polymer chain were prepared. The resulting polymeric antioxidants were characterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), ¹H NMR and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). As to polymerization activity, monomer 1 had the highest ROMP activity, while monomer 5 could not undergo homopolymerization due to the steric hindrance. The antioxidant ability of these polymeric antioxidants which was determined by oxidation induction temperature (OIT) in polypropylene (PP) system is to protect PP against thermal oxidation. Results showed that the OIT of PP increased obviously when PP was stabilized by the adding of polymeric antioxidants.     

1-(2’-烷硫基乙氧基)甲基尿嘧啶及其氧化物的合成

采用 3 0 %H2 O2 /DEAD的试剂组合 ,用于将硫醚及亚砜的衍生物氧化成砜类物质的反应 ,合成了1 ( 2 烷硫基乙氧基 )甲基尿嘧啶及其氧化物 ,产物结构经元素分析、1HNMR和IR进行表征 ,并研究了其抗癌活性     

谷氨酸赖氨酸无规共聚物和谷氨酸精氨酸无规共聚物的合成及性能

采用氨基酸-N-内羧酸酐(氨基酸-NCA)开环聚合的方法, 并通过改变开环聚合时谷氨酸-N-内羧酸酐(BLG-NCA)与赖氨酸-N-内羧酸酐[Lys(Z)-NCA]的投料比以及BLG-NCA与鸟氨酸-N-内羧酸酐[Orn(Z)-NCA]的投料比, 经过脱保护和胍基化反应得到一系列谷氨酸赖氨酸无规共聚物Poly(E,K)和谷氨酸精氨酸无规共聚物Poly(E,R). 核磁共振氢谱(¹H NMR)和核磁共振定量碳谱(¹³C NMR)分析结果表明, 合成了无规共聚物Poly(E,K)和Poly(E,R), 且二者中不同氨基酸的摩尔比接近开环聚合时相应NCA的投料比. 动态光散射(DLS)测定结果表明, 无规共聚物在pH=7.4的正常生理环境中形成的胶束粒径均一、 尺寸小于200 nm. Zeta电位表征结果表明, 无规共聚物Poly(E,K)和Poly(E,R)的Zeta电位值随着溶液pH值的变化而变化, 具有pH敏感性.     

Synthesis and properties of novel aliphatic poly(carbonate-ester)s

The biodegradable poly(5-methyl-5-methoxycarbonyl-1,3-dioxan-2-one-co-d,l-lactide) [poly(MMTC-co-d,l-LA)] copolymers were synthesized by the ring-opening copolymerization. The results show that the yield and molecular weight of copolymers are significantly influenced by reaction conditions. The chemical structure of the resultant copolymers was characterized by FTIR, ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR methods. Their molecular weight was measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Study of monomer coreactivity ratios indicates that d,l-LA reacts faster than MMTC in the copolymerization. The enzymatic degradation of the polymers with various compositions was studied at 37 °C in pH = 8.6 Tris-HCl buffer solution in the presence of proteinase K. Their mechanical properties were also preliminarily investigated.     

Synthesis and Characterization of Dinuclear Aluminum Complexes Bearing N,N-Dialkylaniline-amido Ligands and Its Catalytic Properties for Lactone Polymerization

Two ligands [ortho-C6H4NR2（CH2NH）]2CH2CH2（3： R=Me; 4： R=EO were prepared by the reduction of preligands [ortho-C6H4NR2（CH=N）]zCH2CH2（1： R=Me; 2： R=Et）. These ligands reacted with AIMe3 to afford the corresponding dinuclear aluminum complexes {A1Me2[ortho-C6H4NR2（CH2N）]}2CHzCH2（5： R=Me; 6： R=Et）. All the compounds were characterized by 1H and UC nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR） spectroscopies and elemental analyses. The catalytic properties of the aluminum complexes towards the ring-opening polymerization of lactones were investi- gated in the presence of benzvl alcohol. All the oolvmerization reactions were proceeded in a controlled manner.     

Synthesis of acrylate and norbornene polymers with pendant 2,7-bis(diarylamino)fluorene hole-transport groups

New hole-transport monomers have been synthesized in which a 2,7-(diarylamino)fluorene hole-transport functionality is linked through the 9-position of the fluorene bridge to a polymerizable acrylate or norbornene group; these monomers have been polymerized under free-radical and ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) conditions, respectively. The norbornene monomer has also been copolymerized with a cinnamate-functionalized norbornene; this copolymer can be rendered insoluble through photo-crosslinking of the cinnamate groups under UV irradiation, thus permitting the use of the polymer in organic electronic devices based upon multiple polymer layers. The norbornene monomer has also been copolymerized with dicyclopentadiene to afford insoluble crosslinked films. Time-of-flight studies indicate that the norbornene polymer has a higher hole mobility than the analogous acrylate material, consistent with the predictions of the disorder formalism.     

Synthesis, structure and reactivity of new yttrium bis(dimethylsilyl)amido and bis(trimethylsilyl)methyl complexes of a tetradentate bis(phenoxide) ligand

The reactions of a bulky amino-methoxy bis(phenolate) ligand H₂L with Y(CH₂SiMe₃)₃(THF)₂ and Y[N(SiHMe₂)₂]₃(THF)₂ under mild condition leads to the selective formation of the thermally stable complexes [L]Y(CH₂SiMe₃)(THF) (1) and [L]Y[N(SiHMe₂)₂](THF) (2). The X-ray structures revealed very similar binding of the [ONOO] ligand core to the metal for both complexes, which feature an octahedral geometry involving coordination of the methoxy side-arm of the ligand and of a remaining THF molecule. ¹H-NMR spectroscopy indicates that the solid state structure of 1 and 2 is retained in hydrocarbon solutions with THF coordinated to yttrium. Alkyl complex 1 showed no activity in ethylene polymerization, presumably due to the presence of coordinated THF. The amido complex 2 catalyzed sluggishly the polymerization of methyl methacrylate to give isotactic-rich PMMA but is very active for the ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone.