重型颅脑损伤患者早期进入ICU监护治疗的临床意义

目的研究早期进入ICU监护治疗的方式对救治重型颅脑损伤患者的影响。方法选择2013年1月—2015年7月收治的200例重型颅脑损伤患者作为研究对象,随机分为治疗组和对照组,每组100例。对照组采用常规普通病房治疗,治疗组采用早期进入ICU监护治疗。观察比较两组患者实施各项治疗措施所需时间、治疗4周内病死率、治疗4周后生存患者平均神经功能缺损(NIHSS)评分、治疗4周后生存患者平均Barthel指数评分。结果治疗组在人工辅助通气道建立、高热缓解、术前准备等各项治疗措施平均耗时显著少于对照组(P0.05)。治疗组治疗4周内病死率2.0%,显著低于对照组病死率10.0%(P0.05)。治疗4周后,治疗组生存患者平均神经功能缺损评分显著低于对照组(P0.05),治疗组生存患者平均Barthel指数评分显著高于对照组(P0.05)。结论早期进入ICU监护治疗的方式对救治重型颅脑损伤患者治疗效果显著,能够更快的完成治疗措施、改善预后、改善神经功能恢复情况、降低死率。     

氯氮平治疗难治性精神分裂症的效果探讨

目的探讨氯氮平治疗难治性精神分裂症的效果。方法选取88例难治性精神分裂症患者,随机分为实验组与对照组,每组44例,给予对照组利培酮治疗,给予实验组在利培酮治疗基础上使用氯氮平治疗,观察两组患者的治疗效果。结果实验组患者治疗总有效率为93.2%,对照组患者总有效率为79.5%;治疗后实验组患者的PANSS评分明显低于对照组,对比差异显著(P0.05),具有统计学意义。结论针对难治性精神分裂症患者,使用氯氮平治疗,可以有效地提高治疗效果,减轻患者的临床症状,提高生活质量,值得推广使用。     

针灸治疗面瘫临床疗效观察

目的分析研究针灸治疗面瘫的临床效果。方法将40例面瘫患者随机分成对照组和实验组各20例,对照组患者采用常规西医疗法治疗,实验组患者采用中医针灸方法治疗,两组均治疗3个疗程后统计疗效。结果治疗组总有效率为95%,对照组总有效率为80%,治疗组疗效优于对照组,具有非常显著性差异(P0.05)。结论在治疗过程中,较常规针刺疗法,针灸疗法使面神经恢复正常功能;治疗时病人痛苦小,疗程短,疗效显著,为治疗面瘫首选方法。     

儿童脑病高压氧治疗的护理

对30例进行高压氧治疗的脑病患儿给予进舱治疗前、治疗时及治疗后护理,使患儿能安全、顺利完成多个疗程的高压氧治疗,从而得到康复,取得满意的临床效果。     

内热针治疗肩周炎的疗效观察

目的分析内热针治疗肩周炎的疗效。方法抽取清远市阳山县中医院自2016年3月—2017年2月期间收治的80例肩周炎患者,依据治疗方法差异性均分两组,每组患者比例各40例。予以温针治疗+常规康复训练的患者作为对照组,予以内热针+常规康复训练治疗的患者作为治疗组,最后对两组患者的治疗效果进行统计分析。结果两组患者经不同方法治疗后,治疗组患者治疗总有效率同参照组比对明显较高,组间数据结果由统计工具进行检验呈现出统计学意义。结论肩周炎予以内热针治疗,效果理想,在临床上应用有重要意义。     

光动力肿瘤精准治疗的研究进展

光动力治疗是一种局部、温和及相对安全的治疗模式,在癌症精准治疗方面展现了良好应用前景。光敏剂、光源以及氧气是光动力治疗的三个关键要素。首先,传统小分子光敏剂的吸收光谱大多在紫外或可见光区,且缺乏肿瘤靶向性和特异性,组织穿透深度不足且存在非特异性损伤。其次,光动力治疗效率依赖于外光源连续照射,易引发光毒性和组织损伤。另外,实体肿瘤组织处乏氧等微环境限制了光动力治疗效率。因此,提高光动力治疗效率的同时降低副作用,并实现深层组织的高效特异性治疗,是亟待解决的难题。近年来,新型光动力治疗体系不断涌现,以期解决上述限制光动力治疗进一步发展与应用的瓶颈问题。本文从光动力治疗所需三要素角度,综述了近年来发展的各类新型光动力治疗体系及其在肿瘤精准治疗中的应用进展。     

综合治疗对肩周炎康复的影响分析

目的探究综合治疗对肩周炎康复的影响。方法选择佛山市第一人民医院自2013年6月—2015年6月收治的诊断为肩周炎的90例患者,将其随机分为两组,对照组和观察组,每组45例。对照组给予常规治疗(西医治疗),观察组给予综合治疗,观察、对比两组患者的治疗效果。结果观察组总有效率为93.33%明显高于对照组71.11%,两组相比,差异明显,具有统计学意义,P0.05。结论给予肩周炎的患者综合治疗,包括常规西医治疗、手法治疗、关节松动治疗、肩关节锻炼等,取得了较好的临床疗效,可以考虑在临床上借鉴及使用。     

中西医结合治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果分析

目的观察和分析中西医结合治疗急性脑梗死的临床治疗效果。方法选取2013年9月至2014年10月江西石城县小松镇中心卫生院收治的急性脑梗死患者60例,依照随机分配原则将患者分为实验组和对照组,每组30例。对照组采用西医治疗,实验组采用中西医结合治疗,对两组患者的临床治疗效果进行比较。结果实验组的治疗总有效率明显高于对照组(P0.05),实验组治疗后的神经功能缺损程度明显低于对照组(P0.05),差异具有统计学意义。结论中西医结合治疗急性脑梗死的临床效果优于西医治疗,总有效率高,值得临床推广运用。     

用甲氨蝶呤联合米非司酮治疗输卵管妊娠的临床探讨

目的:分析用甲氨蝶呤联合米非司酮对输卵管妊娠患者治疗的效果。方法选择2015年5月至2015年12月90例输卵管妊娠患者作为研究对象,分成实验组及常规对照组各有45例输卵管妊娠患者,对照组采用甲氨蝶呤进行治疗,实验组在对照组的治疗基础上联合米非司酮进行治疗,比较两组患者最后的治疗效果。结果治疗之后,实验组总有效率是100%明显优于常规组的77.78%,在治疗后出现不良症状方面,实验组优于对照组,两组差异显著,P<0.05。结论在输卵管妊娠患者的治疗中应用甲氨蝶呤联合米非司酮能够提高治疗效果和满意度,值得推广。     

妇科恶性肿瘤围手术期预防下肢深静脉血栓的治疗研究

目的探讨预防下肢深静脉血栓治疗对妇科恶性肿瘤患者的临床影响,为临床工作提供参考和依据。方法选取2014年5月—2015年9月间入住孝感市中心医院接受治疗的妇科恶性肿瘤患者70例,随机分成对照组和治疗组,每组35例。其中对照组患者给予常规治疗,治疗组患者给予预防下肢深静脉血栓治疗。对两组患者下肢深静脉血栓发生率以及患者、家属治疗满意率进行比较分析。结果经过治疗,治疗组仅有1例患者发生下肢深静脉血栓,经治疗康复出院,所有患者均未出现肺部栓塞;对照组患者共有13例发生下肢深静脉血栓,3例出现肺部栓塞,对照组患者下肢深静脉血栓发生率显著高于治疗组;同时治疗组患者及家属满意率显著高于对照组,以上差异均具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论预防下肢深静脉血栓治疗可以显著降低妇科恶性肿瘤患者发病率,同时可以显著提高患者及家属的满意率,值得在临床工作中推广和应用。     

几种抗结核药的应用

论述了四类抗结核药物的应用，着重讨论了利福平、氧氟沙星、力排肺疾等的应用。     

Deactivation of precolumns for capillary GC by a thin layer of OV-1701

Deactivation of precolumns with an ultra thin film of OV-1701 provided inertness at least equal to silylation, but better resistance to water. Dynamic coating of the raw fused silica capillary is, furthermore, much faster than the hydrothermal treatment/silylation procedure.     

Leaching Behaviour and Solid Phase Fractionation of Selected Metals as Affected by Thermal Treatment of a Polluted Sediment

Abstract

A contaminated dredged sediment was subjected to a thermal treatment at temperatures ranging from 120 to 450°C. The leaching behaviour of selected metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe, Mn) was studied using NH₄OAc-EDTA extraction. In addition, solid phase fractionation was carried out by means of a sequential extraction procedure.

The NH₄OAc-EDTA extraction showed a sharp increase in metal leachability from sediments treated at intermediate temperatures (120–350°C). The metal fractionation of the solid phases at the different temperatures did not reveal relevant shifts except for Cu. The decrease of the oxidizable Cu fraction was highly correlated (P < 0.001) with the disappearance of organic matter at higher treatment temperatures. It is suggested that binding energy changes within the fractions rather than shifts between chemical forms account for the observed leaching behaviour.     

Synthesis of calcium metaniobate by thermal decomposition of a coprecipitation product

The paper presents a new, nonconventional method, based upon coprecipitation, for the synthesis of niobium oxidic compounds. The coprecipitation product of niobic acid with calcium oxalate was used as precursor. Calcium metaniobate was obtained by appropriate thermal treatment of the coprecipitate. The coprecipitation mechanism was studied and the optimal conditions for quantitative precipitation of niobium and calcium were established. The mechanism of thermal decomposition of the coprecipitate was investigated by means of differential thermal analysis and X-ray powder diagrams. The final product of thermal decomposition, calcium metaniobate, is formed at 730°C.     

甘油脱水合成丙烯醛ZSM-5催化剂的孔结构和酸性调控

研究了ZSM-5 孔结构和表面酸性对甘油脱水合成丙烯醛反应性能的影响. 在碱浓度为0.2 mol·L^-1的NaOH溶液中, 分别在65和85 ℃条件下对ZSM-5进行化学刻蚀, 成功地制备了含微介孔的ZSM-5催化剂, 提高了催化剂的表面强酸密度. 碱处理后的ZSM-5催化剂在甘油脱水反应中的稳定性得到显著提高, 在ZSM-5-at85 (经85 ℃碱处理的ZSM-5)催化剂上甘油转化率在反应10 h 后仍可保持95%以上, 丙烯醛选择性达到78%. 采用N₂吸附-脱附等温线、X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、²⁷Al 固体核磁共振(²⁷Al MAS-NMR)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段对ZSM-5 结构和表面性质进行了表征, 实验结果表明在碱处理过程中骨架中的硅发生了溶脱现象, 在分子筛表面上形成了大量介孔, 但是ZSM-5 的MFI 拓扑结构没有发生变化, 骨架中的大部分铝得到保持. X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、X射线荧光光谱(XRF)和氨气程序升温脱附(NH₃-TPD)证实了在碱处理后ZSM-5分子筛外表面的Si/Al 摩尔比低于其骨架中的比例, 由此表明脱硅现象主要发生在ZSM-5 的外表面, 在新产生的介孔区域由于Si/Al 摩尔比的降低使得强酸密度得到提高. 具有微介孔结构和较高酸密度的ZSM-5催化剂增强了反应物扩散性能和容碳能力, 这对于提高甘油脱水合成丙烯醛催化剂的活性和稳定性起到了关键作用.     

A study of crystalline transitions in a thermoplastic polyimide

A new polyimide derived from 4,4′-isophthaloyldiphthalic anhydride (IDPA) and 1,3-bis(4-aminophenoxy-4′-benzoyl)benzene (1,3-BABB) having semicrystalline behavior was prepared at NASA Langley Research Center in 1987. The crystalline transitions of this thermoplastic polyimide have been studied. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) pattern of partially imidized film exhibited two distinct crystalline melt endotherms. For this study each crystalline phase was isolated and enhanced by controlled thermal treatment. A film containing approximately 50% of both phases and an amorphous film were also prepared. Evaluations of these films were performed by DSC, wide-angle x-ray scattering (WAXS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Three distinct crystalline morphologies; ellipsoid, cubic, and needlelike embedded in an amorphous matrix were observed as a function of various cure conditions by SEM.     

On the Pathomorphological Pattern of the Efficiency of Photodynamic Therapy of Murine Melanoma B16 Using a New Photosensitizer Based on Chlorin e6 Conjugate with a Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment for a number of solid malignancies. In this work, the antitumor efficacy of photodynamic therapy for murine B16 melanoma with intravenous administration of a new photosensitizer (PS) based on the chlorin e₆ conjugate with a prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) was studied in vivo. We have previously published the data obtained in the first part of the study: the dynamics of PS accumulation in the tumor and surrounding tissues and the antitumor efficacy of the photodynamic therapy, which was evaluated by the regression parameters and morphological characteristics of the tumors—including by the complete regression of the tumors, the absolute growth rate of the tumors among the mice with continued tumor growth, and an increase in life expectancy compared to the control. The criterion for a complete cure was the absence of signs of tumor recurrence within 90 days after therapy. The conducted studies demonstrated the high efficiency of the new photosensitizer for the photodynamic therapy of B16 melanoma. This article presents a continuation of this work, including histological studies of the zones exposed to laser irradiation on the 21st day after treatment and an assessment of the therapeutic potential of photodynamic therapy for the destruction of tumor cells. Pathological studies in the zones of photodynamic exposure revealed that the effectiveness of the PDT depended on the PS dose and the laser irradiation parameters.     

Interesting interferences in a direct serum creatinine reaction

A spectrophotometric study on a direct picric acid reaction for creatinine in severely jaundiced serums is described. A problem appears to be caused by the oxidation of bilirubin which minimizes rising absorbance when using continuous measurement. Simple examples of interferences with the kinetic mode are shown along with the hitherto unreported interference of the drug, Cephalothin, which also undergoes a picric acid reaction. A procedure in which a delta absorbance is obtained after decolorization of the Jaffé complex by acidification is shown as one available means for obviating the bilirubin effect. However, the theory that Jaffé-reactive interferences do not decolorize with the same acid treatment is not totally applicable when the drug, Cephalothin, is present.     

Detection and Removal of Metal Ion based on a Fluorescent Sensor Composed of a Photoresponsive Rhodamine Derivative by Host–Gust Interaction

Although a variety of chemosensors as probes have been exploited for the detection of metal ions with high sensitivity and selectivity, the formed probe–metal complex was hardly suitable for separation, removal, and further recovery. This paper presents a method to detect and remove metal ions from aqueous solutions simultaneously by a fluorescence chemosensor and functional magnetic nanoparticles. A novel probe SRhB ‐Azo was synthesized based on rhodamine B (RhB ), maleic anhydride (MAH ), and azobenzene (Azo). SRhB ‐Azo showed high selectivity and sensitivity to Hg ions in aqueous solutions. Job's experiment showed the formation of a 1:2 stoichiometry complex between Hg²⁺ and SRhB ‐Azo. Moreover, β‐cyclodextrin (β‐CD )‐modified magnetic nanoparticles (CD‐MNPs ) were fabricated and used as host materials to form the inclusion complex CD–MNP and SRhB ‐Azo–Hg²⁺. Then, the SRhB ‐Azo‐Hg²⁺ complex could be removed by an external magnet, and subsequently recovered by UV ‐irradiation‐induced trans/cis isomerization of the Azo groups. The CD‐MNP s could be reused for nearly four times. Thus, the SRhB ‐Azo probe and CD‐MNP system has great potential application in sewage treatment.     

Isothermal heat treatment of a thermotropic LCP fiber

The effect of the heat treatment on as-spun fibers made of a commercial liquid crystalline polymer, Vectra®, was examined through tensile properties and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The heat treatment increased the fiber strength considerably, and it also increased the elongation at break. On the other hand, the treatment had a weaker effect on the modulus. In general, the effects of treatment depended on the temperature and on the treatment time used. DSC measurements showed the effect of the treatment on the behavior of the melting endotherm. In light of the development of this endotherm, it seems possible that the structure formed during treatment depends essentially on the treatment temperature. On the whole, an unambiguous correlation between tensile properties and calorimetric quantities could not be concluded.