Calculation of Bessel functions by using continued fractions

We propose a new method for the calculation of Bessel functions of the first kind of integral order. By using the Laplace transformation, we solve a linear differential equation that defines the generating function for the Bessel functions expressed in terms of continued fractions.Translated from Ukrainskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 47, No. 12, pp. 1704–1705, December, 1995.     

Stress concentration in a three-layer plate with two cylindrical cavities

The stressed state of a thick three-layer plate with two circular holes is studied. Resolving functions are expressed in terms of Kolosov-Muskhelishvili integral potentials and modified Bessel functions. The problem is reduced to solving an infinite set of linear algebraic equations.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Prikladnaya Mekhanika, No. 18, pp. 25–28, 1987.     

Second boundary-value problem in a half-strip for equation of parabolic type with the Bessel operator and Riemann–Liouvulle derivative

We investigate the second boundary-value problem in the half-strip for a parabolic equation with the Bessel operator and Riemann–Liouville partial derivative. In terms of the integral transformation with theWright function in the kernel, we find the representation of a solution in the case of zero edge condition. We prove the uniqueness of a solution in the class of functions satisfying an analog of the Tikhonov condition.     

The Integration of Bessel Functions

Starting with the well-known differential and recurrence relationsof Bessel functions, a formula is obtained by means of whichthe nth-order derivative of a Bessel function of order p canbe expressed in terms of the Bessel function of order p andits first derivative, the function and its derivative beingmultiplied by polynomials in 1/x, x being the argument. By usingthe method in reverse, the integral of a Bessel function canbe expressed in terms of the Bessel function and its derivative,which are multiplied by series in x if p is even, or polynomialsin 1/x if p is odd. These formulae are more convenient for computationthan the well-known formulae involving series of Bessel functions.     

压电材料Ⅰ型裂纹动态问题的对偶方程组及其求解

首先引入势函数,用势函数表示压电材料的基本微分方程,并采用Laplace变换、半无限对称Fourier正弦变换和Fourier余弦变换,对微分方程进行变换和初步求解;然后通过Fourier反演和引入边界条件,建立了二维压电材料动态裂纹问题的对偶方程组; 再根据Bessel函数性质, 利用Abel型积分方程及其反演,将对偶方程组化为第二类Fredholm积分方程组．结果表明,方法是可行的,可以成为研究此类问题的一种有效方法．     

A new friendly method of computing prolate spheroidal wave functions and wavelets

Prolate spheroidal wave functions, because of their many remarkable properties leading to new applications, have recently experienced an upsurge of interest. They may be defined as eigenfunctions of either a differential operator or an integral operator (as observed by Slepian in the 1960s). There are various ways of calculating their values based on both approaches. The standard one uses an approximation based on Legendre polynomials, which, however, is valid only on a finite interval. An alternative, valid in a neighborhood of infinity, uses a Bessel function approximation. In this letter we present a new method based on an eigenvalue problem for a matrix operator equivalent to that of the integral operator. Its solution gives the values of these functions on the entire real line and is computationally more efficient.     

A new <Emphasis Type="Italic">q</Emphasis>-Selberg integral,Schur functions,and Young books

Recently, Kim and Oh expressed the Selberg integral in terms of the number of Young books which are a generalization of standard Young tableaux of shifted staircase shape. In this paper the generating function for Young books according to major index statistic is considered. It is shown that this generating function can be written as a Jackson integral which gives a new q-Selberg integral. It is also shown that the new q-Selberg integral has an expression in terms of Schur functions.     

Exact solutions of a novel integrable partial differential equation

We consider the derivation of exact solutions of a novel integrable partial differential equation (PDE). This equation was introduced with the aim that it mirror properties of the second Painlevé equation (P_II), and it has the remarkable property that, in addition to the usual kind of auto-Bäcklund transformation that one would expect of an integrable PDE, it also admits an auto-Bäcklund transformation of ordinary differential equation (ODE) type, i.e., a mapping between solutions involving shifts in coefficient functions, and which is an exact analogue of that of P_II with its shift in parameter.We apply three methods of obtaining exact solutions. First of all we consider the Lie symmetries of our PDE, this leading to a variety of solutions including in terms of the second Painlevé transcendent, elliptic functions and hyperbolic functions. Our second approach involves the use of our ODE-type auto-Bäcklund transformation applied to solutions arising as solutions of an equation analogous to the special integral of P_II. It turns out that our PDE has a second remarkable property, namely, that special functions defined by any linear second order ODE can be used to obtain a solution of our PDE. In particular, in the case of solutions defined by Bessel’s equation, iteration using our ODE-type auto-Bäcklund transformation is possible and yields a chain of solutions defined in terms of Bessel functions. We also consider the use of this transformation in order to derive solutions rational in x. Finally, we consider the standard auto-Bäcklund transformation, obtaining a nonlinear superposition formula along with one- and two-soliton solutions. Velocities are found to depend on coefficients appearing in the equation and this leads to a wide range of interesting behaviours.     

Application of pseudo‐trigonometry to Bessel series and integrals of Bessel functions

In this article, an extension of the Laplace transform of J_n (t) to pseudo‐trigonometric function is discussed. We are seeking elementary functions expressed by Bessel series. It is shown that the result is applicable to the solution of the first‐order differential equation. The expression of modified Bessel integral formulas in pseudo‐trigonometric function is also discussed.     

Generalized Sobolev's phi function for the resolvent of a Milne-type integral equation with a degenerate kernel

It is well known in the field of radiative transfer that Sobolev was the first to introduce the resolvent into Milne's integral equation with a displacement kernel. Thereafter it was shown that the resolvent plays an important role in the theory of formation of spectral lines. In the theory of line-transfer problems, the kernel representation in Milne's integral equation has been used to provide an approximate solution in a manner similar to that given by the discrete ordinales method.In this paper, by means of invariant imbedding we show how to determine an exact solution of a Milne-type integral equation with a degenerate kernel, whose form is more general than the Pincherle-Gourast kernel. A Cauchy system for the resolvent is expressed in terms of generalized Sobolev's Φ- and Ψ-functions, which are computed by solving a system of differential equations for auxiliary functions. Furthermore, these functions are expressed in terms of components of the kernel representation.     

External circular crack under arbitrary shear loading

An exact closed form solution in terms of elementary functions has been obtained to the governing integral equation of an external circular crack in a transversely isotropic elastic body. The crack is subjected to arbitrary tangential loading applied antisymmetrically to its faces. The recently discovered method of continuity solutions was used here. The solution to the governing integral equation gives the direct relationship between the tangential displacements of the crack faces and the applied loading. Now a complete solution to the problem, with formulae for the field of all stresses and displacements, is possible.     

Particular solutions of the linearized Boltzmann equation for a binary mixture of rigid spheres

Particular solutions that correspond to inhomogeneous driving terms in the linearized Boltzmann equation for the case of a binary mixture of rigid spheres are reported. For flow problems (in a plane channel) driven by pressure, temperature, and density gradients, inhomogeneous terms appear in the Boltzmann equation, and it is for these inhomogeneous terms that the particular solutions are developed. The required solutions for temperature and density driven problems are expressed in terms of previously reported generalized (vector-valued) Chapman–Enskog functions. However, for the pressure-driven problem (Poiseuille flow) the required particular solution is expressed in terms of two generalized Burnett functions defined by linear integral equations in which the driving terms are given in terms of the Chapman–Enskog functions. To complete this work, expansions in terms of Hermite cubic splines and a collocation scheme are used to establish numerical solutions for the generalized (vector-valued) Burnett functions.     

Particular solutions of the linearized Boltzmann equation for a binary mixture of rigid spheres

Particular solutions that correspond to inhomogeneous driving terms in the linearized Boltzmann equation for the case of a binary mixture of rigid spheres are reported. For flow problems (in a plane channel) driven by pressure, temperature, and density gradients, inhomogeneous terms appear in the Boltzmann equation, and it is for these inhomogeneous terms that the particular solutions are developed. The required solutions for temperature and density driven problems are expressed in terms of previously reported generalized (vector-valued) Chapman–Enskog functions. However, for the pressure-driven problem (Poiseuille flow) the required particular solution is expressed in terms of two generalized Burnett functions defined by linear integral equations in which the driving terms are given in terms of the Chapman–Enskog functions. To complete this work, expansions in terms of Hermite cubic splines and a collocation scheme are used to establish numerical solutions for the generalized (vector-valued) Burnett functions.     

On M-Wright transforms and time-fractional diffusion equations

In this paper, we consider the Mittag-Leffler operator as an analytical solution of time-fractional diffusion equation in the Caputo sense. This solution is presented by an integral representation in terms of the M-Wright functions and the exponential operators. Further, we study the Mittag-Leffler operators associated with the Legendre and Bessel diffusion equations. Finally, we extend the obtained integral representation for the time-fractional diffusion equation of distributed order.     

New formulae for higher order derivatives and applications

We present new formulae (the Slevinsky–Safouhi formulae I and II) for the analytical development of higher order derivatives. These formulae, which are analytic and exact, represent the kth derivative as a discrete sum of only k+1 terms. Involved in the expression for the kth derivative are coefficients of the terms in the summation. These coefficients can be computed recursively and they are not subject to any computational instability. As examples of applications, we develop higher order derivatives of Legendre functions, Chebyshev polynomials of the first kind, Hermite functions and Bessel functions. We also show the general classes of functions to which our new formula is applicable and show how our formula can be applied to certain classes of differential equations. We also presented an application of the formulae of higher order derivatives combined with extrapolation methods in the numerical integration of spherical Bessel integral functions.     

The method of potential functions in problems of the theory of elasticity for bodies with a defect

The method of potential functions using a Fourier transformation in the class of slowly increasing distributions, corresponding to the classical method of complex potentials, is proposed for solving well-known problems of the theory of elasticity for bodies with a defect. It is shown that when a Fourier transformation with respect to all the spatial variables is used, the solution of the dynamic problem of the theory of elasticity can also be represented in terms of a jump in the stresses and displacements at the defect. The correctness of the transformed problem is considered (in terms of an analogue of the Lopatinskii condition). The solution of the system of Helmholtz equations, to which the system of Lamé equations is reduced in the case of the two-dimensional dynamic problem, is expressed in terms of the jump in the stresses and displacements at the defect as a result of solving the corresponding singular integral equations.     

On the index integral transformation with Nicholson's function as the kernel

The integral transformation, which is associated with the Nicholson function as the kernel, is introduced and investigated in the paper. This transformation is an integral, where integration is with respect to an index of the sum of squares of Bessel functions of the first and second kind. Composition representations and relationships with the Meijer K-transform, the Kontorovich-Lebedev transform, the Mellin transform, and the sine Fourier transform are given. We also present boundedness properties, a Parseval type equality, and an inversion formula.     

Exact Fourier expansion in cylindrical coordinates for the three-dimensional Helmholtz Green function

A new method is presented for Fourier decomposition of the Helmholtz Green function in cylindrical coordinates, which is equivalent to obtaining the solution of the Helmholtz equation for a general ring source. The Fourier coefficients of the Green function are split into their half advanced + half retarded and half advanced–half retarded components, and closed form solutions for these components are then obtained in terms of a Horn function and a Kampé de Fériet function respectively. Series solutions for the Fourier coefficients are given in terms of associated Legendre functions, Bessel and Hankel functions and a hypergeometric function. These series are derived either from the closed form 2-dimensional hypergeometric solutions or from an integral representation, or from both. A simple closed form far-field solution for the general Fourier coefficient is derived from the Hankel series. Numerical calculations comparing different methods of calculating the Fourier coefficients are presented. Fourth order ordinary differential equations for the Fourier coefficients are also given and discussed briefly.     

A new weighted integral goodness-of-fit statistic for exponentiality

We propose a new weighted integral goodness-of-fit statistic for exponentiality. The statistic is motivated by a characterization of the exponential distribution via the mean residual life function. Its limit null distribution is the same as that of a certain weighted integral of the squared Brownian bridge. The Laplace transform and cumulants of the latter are expressible in terms of Bessel functions.     

Strong asymptotics of the recurrence coefficients of orthogonal polynomials associated to the generalized Jacobi weight

We study asymptotics of the recurrence coefficients of orthogonal polynomials associated to the generalized Jacobi weight, which is a weight function with a finite number of algebraic singularities on [−1,1]. The recurrence coefficients can be written in terms of the solution of the corresponding Riemann–Hilbert (RH) problem for orthogonal polynomials. Using the steepest descent method of Deift and Zhou, we analyze the RH problem, and obtain complete asymptotic expansions of the recurrence coefficients. We will determine explicitly the order 1/n terms in the expansions. A critical step in the analysis of the RH problem will be the local analysis around the algebraic singularities, for which we use Bessel functions of appropriate order. In addition, the RH approach gives us also strong asymptotics of the orthogonal polynomials near the algebraic singularities in terms of Bessel functions.