关于Tresca屈服条件的表达式

本文介绍了文献[2]的一个脚注,指出 Tresca 屈服条件(2)或(3)式的不正确性,并说明了理由.     

对Mises屈服准则的一种新解释

对Ｍｉｓｅｓ屈服准则的一种新解释王庆明，朱国辉，程耀东（浙江大学动力工程及工程热物理博士后科研流动站，杭州３１００２７）长期以来，人们在研究Ｍｉｓｅｓ屈服准则时都没有与最大剪应力Ｔ＿（ｍａｘ）相联系，本文从一个新的角度分析Ｍｉｓｅｓ准则，揭示Ｔ＿（ｍ...     

不同后继屈服函数在弹塑性有限元中的应用评估

构造了一种在π平面上为椭圆的后续屈服函数,将该屈服函数、“Tresca”及“Misses型”后继屈服函数分别应用于干涉孔及冷胀孔问题的弹塑性有限元分析,并对这三种屈服函数在弹塑性有限元中的应用进行了评估。本文三种屈服函数在弹塑性问题中的应用评估对更有效地解决工程中的弹塑性问题有着实际的应用价值。     

含蜡原油屈服过程及其受空隙影响的实验研究

含蜡原油屈服值是用于计算停输管线再启动压力的重要流变参数。作者建立了一套小型微机数据采集的模拟装置用于测定含蜡原油在给定温度条件下的屈服值，通过模拟热输管线实际工况，针对两种典型胶凝原油，分析了胶凝在管线中原油的屈服机理，首次提出了油中空隙对胶凝强度的影响关系。为长输原油管道的间歇输送工艺及停输再启动技术提供了理论依据。     

在材料力学教学实验中如何验证第四屈服准则

在材料力学教学实验中如何验证第四屈服准则肖隆秀（北京航空航天大学，北京１０００８３）文献［１］提出了“屈服准则验证实验”方法，则将屈服准则表达式统一写为σ２＋ατ２＝σｓ，（第三强度理论α＝４，第四强度理论α＝３），用圆截面试件先拉到屈服，但并不使屈...     

塑性预应变对屈服条件影响的实验研究

本文介绍了确定具有塑性予应变板材后继屈服条件的实验方法。铝合金板LY12～M12的实验研究表明:随着塑性予应变的增加,将依次出现各向同性强化、运动强化以及组合强化。     

基于Hopkinson压杆的动态压剪复合加载实验研究

提出了一种可用于研究压剪复合加载下, 材料动态力学性能的实验装置, 该装置基于Hopkinson压杆, 通过添加一个带倾斜端面的垫块, 实现压剪复合加载.分析了该实验装置的基本数据处理方法, 并利用有限元分析验证了此分析方法的可行性;然后利用该装置对常规金属材料进行了相同冲击速度, 不同倾斜角度(0$^\circ$,30$^\circ$, 45$^\circ$)下的一系列实验. 实验结果表明, 该装置能实现压剪复合加载, 并且能得到材料的动态屈服面, 为研究材料在复杂应力状态下的动态力学性能提供了新的实验方法.      

冻土屈服面与屈服准则的研究

基于广义塑性力学,分析了理想塑性冻土屈服面的一些具体特性,对冻土的体积屈服面进行了比较详尽的探讨.通过对已有屈服函数Matsuoka-Nakai屈服准则的修改,提出了一个冻土屈服函数,并对此函数进行了具体研究.通过和试验数据的对比,验证了所提出屈服函数的正确性,所提出的函数含有三个参数,随着温度的不同对冻土屈服面的形状和大小都有重要的影响.     

颗粒增强复合材料的屈服极限

基于渐近均匀化方法,导出了颗粒增强复合材料的屈服准则,给出了初始屈服应力的解析表达式。因为颗粒增强体的弹性模量远比弹塑性基体的弹性模量高,这个模量差在增强体和基体中产生了装配刚度。解局部问题可以得到该装配刚度。从屈服应力的表达式可以看出,增强体和基体两者的平均装配刚度和剪切模量之比决定了屈服应力的提高程度。给出了两个数值算例。采用菱形十二面体单胞求解了局部问题。取单胞形状为菱形十二面体的优点是增强体的体积比可以高达74%。     

基于Hertz 理论圆柱和平面之间的滑动接触分析

当圆柱与平面之间产生摩擦滑动接触时,基于Hertz理论,推导了平面内应力分量的计算公式,分析了应力的分布,描述了应力分布的特点.在接触表面上,存在最大拉应力和最大压应力;最大拉应力出现在拖动边的边缘,而最大压应力发生在导向边的区域.因此,如果接触平面因拉或压应力引起失效,首先会出现在接触表面;第一型裂纹的产生及扩展首先会发生在拖动边的边缘.剪应力,主剪应力及Von-M ises等效应力(当摩擦系数较小时)的最大值均会出现在接触体内,存在于导向边.因此,塑性滑移开始首先会发生在接触体内,然后,才扩展到接触表面.这些结论为工程应用研究提供了依据.     

用材料力学公式计算任意截面短梁正应力时的修正项研究

对材料力学中梁的弯曲应力公式增加一修正项,以反映短梁弯剪翘曲变形对应力分布的影响。提出一种根据短梁横截面边界形状及艾瑞应力函数求解应力修正项的方法,应用弹性力学空间问题的一般理论,通过应力平衡方程、应变相容方程及应力边界条件,建立了关于任意截面短梁的应力修正项及剪应力的基本方程。在所建立的基本方程基础上,导出了矩形截面和圆形截面短梁修正应力的具体计算公式,该修正应力与均布荷载大小及弹性模量与剪切模量之比均成正比,但与截面惯性矩成反比。数值算例表明,本文方法计算的应力与通用有限元软件ANSYS计算的结果吻合良好,从而验证了本文方法及其基本公式的正确性。     

Magneto-elastic stress in a thin infinite plate with an elliptical hole under uniform magnetic field

Two-dimensional magnetic field and magneto-elastic stress solutions are presented for a magnetic material of a thin infinite plate with an elliptical hole under uniform magnetic field. The linear constitutive equation is used for the magnetic field and the stress analyses. The magneto-elastic stress is analyzed using Maxwell stress since only Maxwell stress is caused as a body force according to the electro magneto theory. Except the approximation of the plane stress state in which the plate is thin, no further assumption is made for the stress analysis, though Maxwell stress components are expressed by nonlinear terms. The rigorous boundary condition expressed by Maxwell stress is completely satisfied without any linear assumptions on the boundary. First, magnetic field and stress for soft ferromagnetic material is analyzed and then those for paramagnetic and diamagnetic materials are analyzed. It is stated that the stress components are the same expressions for those materials and the difference is only the magnitude of the permeability, though the magnetic fields are different each other in the plates. If the analysis of magnetic field of paramagnetic materials is easier than that of soft ferromagnetic material, the stress analysis may be carried out using the magnetic field for paramagnetic material. Shear deflection as well as stress in the direction of the plate thickness arises and the solutions are also obtained. Figures of the magnetic field and stress distribution are shown. Stress intensity factors are also derived.     

RESEARCH PROGRESS OF LOCKED-IN STRESS IN ROCKS1)

封闭应力对岩石力学特性的影响不容忽视。从陈宗基提出岩石的封闭应力定义以来,研究的学者较少。本文从前人对封闭应力的定义出发,结合岩石力学发展现状,对封闭应力概念进行了拓展,提出了新的定义。将岩石力学研究中符合封闭应力定义的应力形式进行了归纳和分类,总结了各类封闭应力的变化规律及其计算公式,讨论了封闭应力与地下工程开挖之间存在的关联性及其影响的表达形式。本文对于推动封闭应力的深入研究具有积极意义,将为解释深部岩石力学特殊现象提供新的途径。     

一种新的应力率定义

本文研究客观应力率的定义及表示,在放弃了客观应力率形式上的对称性以后定义了一类广义的非对称的客观应力率。从Cauchy应力原理出发,通过构造应力向量形式上和变形及变形率无关的客观导数,得到两种形式的应力率;它们表示作用在参考构形中单位物质面元应力向量的真实变化,这样就消除了应力率定义中的不确定性。用新应力率对次弹性体简单剪切进行了计算,得到的应力不振荡,且满足超弹性正应力-剪应力普适关系。     

Analysis of the stress singularity field at a vertex in 3D-bonded structures having a slanted side surface

The stress singularity that occurs at a vertex in a joint with a slanted side surface is investigated. The orders of stress singularity at a vertex and at a point on stress singularity lines for various material properties are determined using eigenanalysis. The stress distribution on an interface and the intensity of stress singularity at the vertex are investigated using BEM. It is shown that the order of stress singularity at the vertex in the joints can be reduced by slanting a side surface so as to decrease the angle between the interface and the side surface. The results of BEM analysis reveal that the distribution of stress on the interface is influenced by the slanted side surface. Finally, the 3D intensities of the singularity for stress components which are continuous at the interface are newly defined and determined for various material combinations.     

非线性复合材料杂交应力有限元的有效迭代方法

推导了面内剪应力应变关系非线性的复合材料的杂交应力有限元列式,给出了位移迭代和应力迭代的策略和步骤．提出一种非线性应力场迭代格式的改进方案,不仅提高了收敛速度,而且克服了大载荷下简单迭代法循环迭代而无法收敛的关键问题,使得所提出的非线性杂交应力元方法几乎对任意大载荷都能够收敛．数值算例表明该方法是确实可行的．     

On the Balance Equation for Stresses Concentrated on Curves

Conditions of equilibrium of forces are formulated for a force system in a continuous body which consists of a bulk stress and a stress concentrated on a curve. The system of forces is interpreted as a tensor valued measure and the equilibrium of forces is interpreted in a weak sense. The divergence theorem is proved for bulk stress fields with the corresponding singularity. Examples of such stress fields are given.      

Thermal analysis of a flow of immiscible couple stress fluids in a channel

An analytical study of the entropy generation rate and heat transfer in a flow of immiscible couple stress fluids between two horizontal parallel plates under a constant pressure gradient is performed. Both plates are kept at different and constant temperatures higher than that of the fluid. The Stokes couple stress flow model is employed. The classical no-slip condition is prescribed at the plates, and continuity of the velocity, rotation, couple stress, shear stress, temperature, and heat flux is imposed at the interfaces. The velocity and temperature distributions are found analytically, and they are used to compute the entropy generation number and Bejan number. The effects of the couple stress parameter and Reynolds number on the velocity, temperature, entropy generation number, and Bejan number are investigated. It is observed that the friction near the plates in couple stress fluids decreases as the couple stress increases.     

Elastoplastic deformation of elements of an isotropic solid along paths of small curvature: Constitutive equations incorporating the stress mode

Constitutive equations relating the components of the stress tensor in a Eulerian coordinate system and the linear components of the finite-strain tensor are derived. These stress and strain measures are energy-consistent. It is assumed that the stress deviator is coaxial with the plastic-strain differential deviator and that the first invariants of the stress and strain tensors are in a nonlinear relationship. In the case of combined elastoplastic deformation of elements of the body, this relationship, as well as the relationship between the second invariants of the stress and strain deviators, is determined from fundamental tests on a tubular specimen subjected to proportional loading at several values of stress mode angle (the third invariant of the stress deviator). Methods to individualize these relationships are proposed. The initial assumptions are experimentally validated. The constitutive equations derived underlie an algorithm for solving boundary-value problems __________ Translated from Prikladnaya Mekhanika, Vol. 43, No. 6, pp. 43–55, June 2007.